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  • 1
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    Association of RIP2 gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese population (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-25
    Description: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of receptor interacting protein 2 (RIP2) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a Chinese population. A case–control study was performed on the SNPs rs16900617 and rs16900627 in 590 Chinese SLE patients and 660 healthy controls. These SNPs were typed by TaqMan allele discrimination assays. We found a significant association of rs16900617 G allele [odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.72] and rs16900627 G allele (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.04–1.58) with SLE. Significant differences in genotype frequency distribution were also found in SLE and control individuals (rs16900617: AG versus AA, OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.44–0.81; GG versus AA, OR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.65; AG + GG versus AA, OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.41–0.75; rs16900627: AG versus AA, OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.17–1.93; AG + GG versus AA, OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.13–1.82). Analysis of the haplotypes revealed that two haplotypes of AG and GA were also significantly associated with SLE (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.11–1.70; OR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.45–0.79). Our findings suggest that the RIP2 gene polymorphisms may be associated with susceptibility to SLE in the Chinese population.
    Print ISSN: 0267-8357
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3804
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue evolution since the late Miocene linked to extratropical climate (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The timing and mechanisms of the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) cold tongue development, a salient feature of the tropical ocean, are intensely debated on geological time scales. Here, we reconstruct cold tongue evolution over the past 8 million years by computing changes in temperature gradient between the cold tongue and eastern Pacific warm pool. Results indicate that the cold tongue remained very weak between 8 and 4.3 million years ago, implying much weaker zonal temperature gradients prevailing during the late Miocene–Pliocene, but then underwent gradual intensification with apparently increasing sensitivity of the cold tongue to extratropical temperature changes. Our results reveal that the EEP cold tongue intensification was mainly controlled by extratropical climate.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Error correction of microchip synthesized genes using Surveyor nuclease (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-02-17
    Description: The development of economical and high-throughput gene synthesis technology has been hampered by the high occurrence of errors in the synthesized products, which requires expensive labor and time to correct. Here, we describe an error correction reaction (ECR), which employs Surveyor, a mismatch-specific DNA endonuclease, to remove errors from synthetic genes. In ECR reactions, errors are revealed as mismatches by re-annealing of the synthetic gene products. Mismatches are recognized and excised by a combination of mismatch-specific endonuclease and 3'-〉5' exonuclease activities in the reaction mixture. Finally, overlap extension polymerase chain reaction (OE-PCR) re-assembles the resulting fragments into intact genes. The process can be iterated for increased fidelity. With two iterations, we were able to reduce errors in synthetic genes by 〉16-fold, yielding a final error rate of ~1 in 8700 bp.
    Keywords: Synthetic Biology and Assembly Cloning
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Cyclic HSV1-TK reporter [Applied Biological Sciences] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2014-04-09
    Description: The coordination of cell proliferation and programmed death (apoptosis) is essential for normal physiology, and imbalance in these two opposing processes is implicated in various diseases. Objective and quantitative noninvasive imaging of apoptosis would significantly facilitate rapid screening as well as validation of therapeutic chemicals. Herein, we molecularly engineered an...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    Isospin effect on probing nuclear dissipation with fission cross sections (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Author(s): J. Tian and W. Ye Nuclear dissipation retards fission. Using the stochastic Langevin model, we calculate the drop of fission cross section caused by friction over its standard statistical-model value, σ f drop , as a function of the presaddle friction strength for fissioning nuclei Bi 195 ,   Bi 202 , and Bi 209 as well as for… [Phys. Rev. C 94, 021601(R)] Published Fri Aug 05, 2016
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    A novel ternary heterostructure with dramatic SERS activity for evaluation of PD-L1 expression at the single-cell level (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probes based on a charge transfer (CT) process with high stability and reproducibility are powerful tools under open-air conditions. However, the key problem ahead of practical usage of CT-based SERS technology is how to effectively improve sensitivity. Here, a novel ternary heterostructure SERS substrate, Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉@GO@TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, with a significant enhancement factor of 8.08 x 10〈sup〉6〈/sup〉 was first synthesized. We found the remarkable enhanced effect of SERS signal to be attributed to the resonance effect of CuPc, CT between GO and TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, and enrichment from a porous TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 shell. In addition, we developed a robust SERS probe with good recyclability under visible light illumination on Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉@GO@TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 nanocomposites toward ultrasensitive detection of cancer cells down to three cells. We have now successfully applied this probe for in situ quantification and imaging of programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) on triple-negative breast cancer cell surface at the single-cell level and for monitoring the expression variation of PD-L1 during drug treatment.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Source Characteristics of North Korea’s 3 September 2017 Nuclear Test (2018)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉By using an on‐site collapse event as a reference and eliminating path effects of seismic‐wave propagation, we constrain source characteristics of North Korea’s 3 September 2017 nuclear test. In the framework of a complete source model for an underground explosion consisting of an isotropic source representing the explosion and two secondary sources accompanying the explosion, with one represented by a double couple (DC) attributed to tectonic release and the other an oblique compensated linear vector dipole (CLVD) attributed to source medium damage, the source model of the 2017 test is inferred from its noncircular radiation patterns of Rayleigh and Love waves using seismic observations of the collapse as references. Based on the opposite azimuths of the inferred oblique CLVD of the test and the collapsing force of the event 8.5 min later, we propose a deformation scenario of the 2017 test in that the test generates a prompt source medium damage expanding away from the test center mostly along the direction of 320° (represented by the oblique CLVD) and the deformed surrounding rocks collapse toward the test center along the weakness direction in an opposite way 8.5 min later (represented by the collapse). We further propose that an inferred obliqueness of CLVD accompanying a nuclear test may serve an indication of possible collapsing direction for the test. Because the surface‐wave magnitude is strongly contaminated by secondary sources, we estimate the yield of the 2017 test to be 109.4±48.6  kt based on the body‐wave 〈span〉Lg〈/span〉 magnitude.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0895-0695
    Electronic ISSN: 1938-2057
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 8
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    G{alpha}i1 and G{alpha}i3 regulate macrophage polarization [Immunology and Inflammation] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-15
    Description: Heterotrimeric G proteins have been implicated in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, whether guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 and alpha-3 (Gαi1/3) are required for LPS responses remains unclear, and if so, the underlying mechanisms need to be studied. In this study, we demonstrated...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Lagged climatic effects on carbon fluxes over three grassland ecosystems in China (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-21
    Description: Aims The plasticity of ecosystem responses could buffer and postpone the effects of climates on ecosystem carbon fluxes, but this lagged effect is often ignored. In this study, we used carbon flux data collected from three typical grassland ecosystems in China, including a temperate semiarid steppe in Inner Mongolia (Neimeng site, NM), an alpine shrub-meadow in Qinghai (Haibei site, HB) and an alpine meadow steppe in Tibet (Dangxiong site, DX), to examine the time lagged effects of environmental factors on CO 2 exchange. Methods Eddy covariance data were collected from three typical Chinese grasslands. In linking carbon fluxes with climatic factors, we used their averages or cumulative values within each 12-month period and we called them ‘yearly’ statistics in this study. To investigate the lagged effects of the climatic factors on the carbon fluxes, the climatic ‘yearly’ statistics were kept still and the ‘yearly’ statistics of the carbon fluxes were shifted backward 1 month at a time. Important Findings Soil moisture and precipitation was the main factor driving the annual variations of carbon fluxes at the alpine HB and DX, respectively, while the NM site was under a synthetic impact of each climatic factor. The time lagged effect analysis showed that temperature had several months, even half a year lag effects on CO 2 exchange at the three studied sites, while moisture’s effects were mostly exhibited as an immediate manner, except at NM. In general, the lagged climatic effects were relatively weak for the alpine ecosystem. Our results implied that it might be months or even 1 year before the variations of ecosystem carbon fluxes are adjusted to the current climate, so such lag effects could be resistant to more frequent climate extremes and should be a critical component to be considered in evaluating ecosystem stability. An improved knowledge on the lag effects could advance our understanding on the driving mechanisms of climate change effects on ecosystem carbon fluxes.
    Print ISSN: 1752-993X
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-9921
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Spallation reaction versus heavy-ion fusion: Fission excitation functions as a fundamental probe of presaddle nuclear dissipation (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-09
    Description: Author(s): W. Ye and J. Tian Due to nuclear dissipation, fission cross sections drop with respect to standard statistical model predictions. Using the stochastic dynamical model of fission, we calculate the drop of fission cross sections, σ f drop , as a function of presaddle dissipation strength ( β ) under two contrasting initial ... [Phys. Rev. C 91, 064603] Published Fri Jun 05, 2015
    Keywords: Nuclear Reactions
    Print ISSN: 0556-2813
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-490X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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