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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective ion-pair formation between the tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) ion and the glycinatobis(oxalato)cobaltate(III) ion (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 103 (1981), S. 7391-7392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00414a084
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    m=1/n=1 density fluctuations in currentless high-β plasma in heliotron E (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 919-921 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: High-frequency density fluctuations with m=1/n=1 have been observed in a currentless high-β plasma. The line density was measured with a 5-ch FIR laser interferometer. A high-β plasma with 〈β〉∼2% was obtained with about 2-MW neutral beam injection into a currentless target plasma produced by second-harmonic ECRH. With weak gas puffing [β(0)(approximately-greater-than)1%], sawteeth-like oscillations accompanied by high-frequency fluctuations of about 2–5 kHz were observed on the line density. These fluctuations coincide with the soft x-ray fluctuations. From both signals the mode number of this instability is estimated to be m=1 and n=1. During the fluctuations, rapid enhancement (10%–20%) in the edge ion saturation current was also measured, which indicates that this instability causes particle loss from the bulk to the edge. The instability is quenched by a change in density profile from peaked to broad with intense gas puffing. This behavior is consistent with a theoretical analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138042
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visible and VUV spectroscopic diagnostics on Heliotron E (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1533-1535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Diagnostic applications of visible and VUV spectroscopic techniques, as applied to the currentless Heliotron E plasma device, are described. Visible spectroscopy has been used to measure (i) ion temperature, (ii) proton-to-electron density ratio, (iii) Zeff by charge exchange recombination from an intense neutral beam, (iv) radial electric field by poloidal rotation velocity measurement, and (v) electron density around an ablating pellet by a Stark profile. VUV spectroscopy has been used to investigate emission spectra due to multiply ionized impurity species. This information is used to measure the densities of these species, and to learn about the transport of these particles. Recently, a flat-field survey spectrometer has been constructed and used to study the emission spectra due to metallic impurities in ICRF-heated plasmas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140187
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Electron Temperatures produced by Collisionless Shock Waves in a Magnetized Plasma (1967)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 216 (1967), S. 363-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The direct measurements of electron temperature, made by Thomson scattering of laser light, were aimed at verifying two previous inferences: (a) that these shocks cannot be explained in terms of the binary transport-coefficients: and (b) that the electron heating, with negligible ion heating, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/216363a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The next large helical devices (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 2349-2356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Helical systems have the strong advantage of inherent steady-state operation for fusion reactors. Two large helical devices with fully superconducting coil systems are presently under design and construction. One is the LHD (Large Helical Device) [Fusion Technol. 17, 169 (1990)] with major radius=3.9 m and magnetic field=3–4 T, that is under construction during 1990–1997 at NIFS (National Institute for Fusion Science), Nagoya/Toki, Japan; it features continuous helical coils and a clean helical divertor focusing on edge configuration optimization. The other one in the W7-X (Wendelstein 7-X) [in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Nuclear Research, 1990, (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. 3, p. 525] with major radius=5.5 m and magnetic field=3 T, that is under review at IPP (Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics), Garching, Germany; it has adopted a modular coil system after elaborate optimization studies. These two programs are complementary in promoting world helical fusion research and in extending the understanding of toroidal plasmas through comparisons with large tokamaks. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871260
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of soft x-ray radiation from Heliotron E plasmas by the absorption method for the measurement of electron temperatures (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 2847-2856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An absorption method of soft x ray is applied to Heliotron E plasmas for measurement of the electron temperature. Nitrogen gas is used as an absorber for convenience, owing to its accurate, uniform, and easily controllable density. The general feature of the absorption method for measurement of the electron temperature is discussed using a model with two parameters: the generalized thickness of the absorber and the electron temperature. The energy resolution of this method is not sufficient as a general method for spectral analysis. Hence, it is necessary to assume in advance such a model spectrum as consists of bremsstrahlung, recombination radiation, and impurity line radiation. Since the spectrum is always assumed before the analysis, we should try to find the origins of deformation of the energy spectrum and to correct the contribution. The effect of line emission from impurity ions to the estimated electron temperature is evaluated as a function of the electron temperature and the energy of the line relative to the generalized absorber thickness used in the measurement. An actual spectrum is measured by a pulse-height analysis (PHA) of the soft x ray. The one clear line, from chlorine, is not significant in the present determination of the electron temperature by the absorption method. Another possible line from iron at energy less than 1 keV is included in the analysis. Using a convenient method for determination of local emissivity from a chord-integrated emissivity, the electron temperature is determined from the local emissivity. The observed broad electron-temperature profile might be an artifact due to recombination radiation of the highly ionized ion diffused out of the hot core of the plasma. It is confirmed that the absorption method gives absolute measurement of the electron temperature at the plasma center, when additional information on impurity lines are given by PHA. The estimated temperature is consistent with the PHA measurement. The absorption method combined with PHA provides an easy and inexpensive measurement of the electron temperature compared with a system fully constructed by PHA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140616
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical method for efficient determination of electron temperature from pulse height analysis of soft x rays in Heliotron E (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 2838-2846 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A pulse-height-analysis (PHA) technique of soft x rays is applied to Heliotron E experiments. The primary interest of this measurement is the determination of the electron temperature. Since the number of photons measured in a PHA system is extremely restricted owing to a finite processing rate of the system, it is most important to use the full amount of information involved in the spectral data. The statistical estimator from the maximum-likelihood method is efficiently used for this purpose. The estimated temperature is in good coincidence with the temperature by the electron-cyclotron-emission measurement, which is calibrated by the laser Thomson scattering. A check of reliability of the estimated electron temperature is developed from a statistical test of goodness of fit. The identification of impurity lines buried in a thermal spectrum is also discussed in the spectra accumulated through several or several tens of plasma discharges. The line emissions from Si, Cl, Ca, and Ti are identified. A systematic error in the estimated temperature due to the impurity lines is evaluated. The contributions from Cl and Ti cannot be neglected in the temperature estimation from a spectrum accumulated through several currentless ECH plasmas in Heliotron E. A removal of those contributions to the temperature estimation is successfully demonstrated. The electron temperature with several percent uncertainty is obtained by PHA every 10 ms during a Heliotron E discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140668
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of vacancy clustered defects from cascade collisions during heavy-ion irradiation and their annihilation by freely-migrating interstitial atoms
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Nuclear Materials 212-215 (1994), S. 192-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(94)90054-X
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermonuclear fusion neutrons under ''Currentless plasmas'' in Heliotron E
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: 237 (1985), S. 590-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-9002(85)91070-8
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent results on heliotron E
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods In Physics Research 207 (1983), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-5087
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-5087(83)90232-6
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