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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-08-20
    Description: Epigenetic modifications must underlie lineage-specific differentiation as terminally differentiated cells express tissue-specific genes, but their DNA sequence is unchanged. Haematopoiesis provides a well-defined model to study epigenetic modifications during cell-fate decisions, as multipotent progenitors (MPPs) differentiate into progressively restricted myeloid or lymphoid progenitors. Although DNA methylation is critical for myeloid versus lymphoid differentiation, as demonstrated by the myeloerythroid bias in Dnmt1 hypomorphs, a comprehensive DNA methylation map of haematopoietic progenitors, or of any multipotent/oligopotent lineage, does not exist. Here we examined 4.6 million CpG sites throughout the genome for MPPs, common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), common myeloid progenitors (CMPs), granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (GMPs), and thymocyte progenitors (DN1, DN2, DN3). Marked epigenetic plasticity accompanied both lymphoid and myeloid restriction. Myeloid commitment involved less global DNA methylation than lymphoid commitment, supported functionally by myeloid skewing of progenitors following treatment with a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Differential DNA methylation correlated with gene expression more strongly at CpG island shores than CpG islands. Many examples of genes and pathways not previously known to be involved in choice between lymphoid/myeloid differentiation have been identified, such as Arl4c and Jdp2. Several transcription factors, including Meis1, were methylated and silenced during differentiation, indicating a role in maintaining an undifferentiated state. Additionally, epigenetic modification of modifiers of the epigenome seems to be important in haematopoietic differentiation. Our results directly demonstrate that modulation of DNA methylation occurs during lineage-specific differentiation and defines a comprehensive map of the methylation and transcriptional changes that accompany myeloid versus lymphoid fate decisions.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2956609/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2956609/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ji, Hong -- Ehrlich, Lauren I R -- Seita, Jun -- Murakami, Peter -- Doi, Akiko -- Lindau, Paul -- Lee, Hwajin -- Aryee, Martin J -- Irizarry, Rafael A -- Kim, Kitai -- Rossi, Derrick J -- Inlay, Matthew A -- Serwold, Thomas -- Karsunky, Holger -- Ho, Lena -- Daley, George Q -- Weissman, Irving L -- Feinberg, Andrew P -- CA09151/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI058521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI058521-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- F32AI058521/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG003233/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG003233-07/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG003233-08/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50HG003233/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R00 AG029760/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00 AG029760-04/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R00AGO29760/PHS HHS/ -- R01 AI047457/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI047457-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI047457-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI047458/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA086065/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083084/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083084-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01AI047457/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI047458/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA054358/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA054358-18/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37 CA054358-19/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R37CA053458/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 16;467(7313):338-42. doi: 10.1038/nature09367. Epub 2010 Aug 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Epigenetics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 570 Rangos, 725 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20720541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; *Cell Lineage/genetics ; CpG Islands/genetics ; *DNA Methylation/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genome/genetics ; *Hematopoiesis/genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Lymphocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Mice ; Myeloid Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2010-11-12
    Description: The central amygdala (CEA), a nucleus predominantly composed of GABAergic inhibitory neurons, is essential for fear conditioning. How the acquisition and expression of conditioned fear are encoded within CEA inhibitory circuits is not understood. Using in vivo electrophysiological, optogenetic and pharmacological approaches in mice, we show that neuronal activity in the lateral subdivision of the central amygdala (CEl) is required for fear acquisition, whereas conditioned fear responses are driven by output neurons in the medial subdivision (CEm). Functional circuit analysis revealed that inhibitory CEA microcircuits are highly organized and that cell-type-specific plasticity of phasic and tonic activity in the CEl to CEm pathway may gate fear expression and regulate fear generalization. Our results define the functional architecture of CEA microcircuits and their role in the acquisition and regulation of conditioned fear behaviour.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ciocchi, Stephane -- Herry, Cyril -- Grenier, Francois -- Wolff, Steffen B E -- Letzkus, Johannes J -- Vlachos, Ioannis -- Ehrlich, Ingrid -- Sprengel, Rolf -- Deisseroth, Karl -- Stadler, Michael B -- Muller, Christian -- Luthi, Andreas -- England -- Nature. 2010 Nov 11;468(7321):277-82. doi: 10.1038/nature09559.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21068837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Amygdala/anatomy & histology/cytology/*physiology ; Animals ; Conditioning, Classical/*physiology ; Fear/*physiology ; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neural Inhibition/*physiology ; Neural Pathways/cytology/*physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lutz, Wolfgang -- Butz, William P -- Castro, Marcia -- Dasgupta, Partha -- Demeny, Paul G -- Ehrlich, Isaac -- Giorguli, Silvia -- Habte, Demissie -- Haug, Werner -- Hayes, Adrian -- Herrmann, Michael -- Jiang, Leiwen -- King, David -- Kotte, Detlef -- Lees, Martin -- Makinwa-Adebusoye, Paulina K -- McGranahan, Gordon -- Mishra, Vinod -- Montgomery, Mark R -- Riahi, Keywan -- Scherbov, Sergei -- Peng, Xizhe -- Yeoh, Brenda -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Feb 24;335(6071):918. doi: 10.1126/science.335.6071.918-a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22362989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Conservation of Natural Resources ; Demography ; *Human Activities ; Humans ; *Policy Making
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-05-13
    Description: Learning is mediated by experience-dependent plasticity in neuronal circuits. Activity in neuronal circuits is tightly regulated by different subtypes of inhibitory interneurons, yet their role in learning is poorly understood. Using a combination of in vivo single-unit recordings and optogenetic manipulations, we show that in the mouse basolateral amygdala, interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SOM) bidirectionally control the acquisition of fear conditioning--a simple form of associative learning--through two distinct disinhibitory mechanisms. During an auditory cue, PV(+) interneurons are excited and indirectly disinhibit the dendrites of basolateral amygdala principal neurons via SOM(+) interneurons, thereby enhancing auditory responses and promoting cue-shock associations. During an aversive footshock, however, both PV(+) and SOM(+) interneurons are inhibited, which boosts postsynaptic footshock responses and gates learning. These results demonstrate that associative learning is dynamically regulated by the stimulus-specific activation of distinct disinhibitory microcircuits through precise interactions between different subtypes of local interneurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolff, Steffen B E -- Grundemann, Jan -- Tovote, Philip -- Krabbe, Sabine -- Jacobson, Gilad A -- Muller, Christian -- Herry, Cyril -- Ehrlich, Ingrid -- Friedrich, Rainer W -- Letzkus, Johannes J -- Luthi, Andreas -- England -- Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):453-8. doi: 10.1038/nature13258. Epub 2014 May 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland [2] University of Basel, 4000 Basel, Switzerland [3]. ; 1] Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland [2]. ; Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland. ; INSERM U862, Neurocentre Magendie, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux, France. ; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72076 Tubingen, Germany. ; 1] Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland [2] Max-Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [3].〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24814341" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amygdala/*cytology/*physiology ; Animals ; Conditioning, Classical ; Electroshock ; Fear/*physiology ; Hindlimb ; *Inhibition (Psychology) ; Interneurons/*metabolism ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Optogenetics ; Parvalbumins/metabolism ; Somatostatin/metabolism ; Synapses/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2010-07-21
    Description: Somatic cell nuclear transfer and transcription-factor-based reprogramming revert adult cells to an embryonic state, and yield pluripotent stem cells that can generate all tissues. Through different mechanisms and kinetics, these two reprogramming methods reset genomic methylation, an epigenetic modification of DNA that influences gene expression, leading us to hypothesize that the resulting pluripotent stem cells might have different properties. Here we observe that low-passage induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived by factor-based reprogramming of adult murine tissues harbour residual DNA methylation signatures characteristic of their somatic tissue of origin, which favours their differentiation along lineages related to the donor cell, while restricting alternative cell fates. Such an 'epigenetic memory' of the donor tissue could be reset by differentiation and serial reprogramming, or by treatment of iPSCs with chromatin-modifying drugs. In contrast, the differentiation and methylation of nuclear-transfer-derived pluripotent stem cells were more similar to classical embryonic stem cells than were iPSCs. Our data indicate that nuclear transfer is more effective at establishing the ground state of pluripotency than factor-based reprogramming, which can leave an epigenetic memory of the tissue of origin that may influence efforts at directed differentiation for applications in disease modelling or treatment.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150836/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150836/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, K -- Doi, A -- Wen, B -- Ng, K -- Zhao, R -- Cahan, P -- Kim, J -- Aryee, M J -- Ji, H -- Ehrlich, L I R -- Yabuuchi, A -- Takeuchi, A -- Cunniff, K C -- Hongguang, H -- McKinney-Freeman, S -- Naveiras, O -- Yoon, T J -- Irizarry, R A -- Jung, N -- Seita, J -- Hanna, J -- Murakami, P -- Jaenisch, R -- Weissleder, R -- Orkin, S H -- Weissman, I L -- Feinberg, A P -- Daley, G Q -- CA86065/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000256/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD000256-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- HL099999/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99 HL093212/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99 HL093212-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99 HL093212-02/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K99HL093212-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P50HG003233/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA086065/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK059279/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK059279-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK059279-10/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070055/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK070055-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083084/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM083084-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-DK59279/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01-DK70055/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01AI047457/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01AI047458/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R37 HD045022/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R37CA054358/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RC2 HL102815/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RC2 HL102815-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- RC2-HL102815/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Sep 16;467(7313):285-90. doi: 10.1038/nature09342.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20644535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cell Lineage/genetics ; Cellular Reprogramming/genetics ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Genome/genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/metabolism ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Nuclear Transfer Techniques ; Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2007-02-27
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1967-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-4201
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9307
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results of a comprehensive parametric study of model and small pneumatic tires operating on a wet surface are presented. Hydroplaning inception (spin down) and rolling restoration (spin up) are discussed. Conclusions indicate that hydroplaning inception occurs at a speed significantly higher than the rolling restoration speed. Hydroplaning speed increases considerably with tread depth, surface roughness and tire inflation pressure of footprint pressure, and only moderately with increased load. Water film thickness affects spin down speed only slightly. Spin down speed varies inversely as approximately the one-sixth power of film thickness. Empirical equations relating tire inflation pressure, normal load, tire diameter and water film thickness have been generated for various tire tread and surface configurations.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-132346 , SIT-DL-72-1602
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Aircraft pneumatic tire hydroplaning studied using laboratory scale model
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT
    Type: ANNUAL NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON AIRCRAFT AND PROPULSION SYSTEMS; Sep 25, 1967 - Sep 27, 1967; PRINCETON, NJ
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Laboratory scale model technique for investigating pneumatic tire hydroplaning
    Keywords: FACILITIES, RESEARCH, AND SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-1074 , REPT.-1223
    Format: application/pdf
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