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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytical Biochemistry 75 (1976), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Bioenergetics 547 (1979), S. 230-240 
    ISSN: 0005-2728
    Keywords: (Micrococcus lysodeikticus) ; Coupling factor ; F"1-ATPase
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 380-382 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: SiGe/Si heterojunction internal photoemission (HIP) detectors have been fabricated utilizing molecular beam epitaxy of p+-SiGe layers on p−-Si substrates. Elemental boron from a high-temperature effusion cell was used as the dopant source during molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth, and high doping concentrations ((approximately-greater-than)5×1020 cm−3) have been achieved. Strong infrared absorption, mainly by free-carrier absorption, was observed for the degenerately doped SiGe layers. The use of elemental boron as the dopant source allows a low MBE growth temperature (350 °C), resulting in improved crystalline quality and smooth surface morphology of the Si0.7Ge0.3 layers. Nearly ideal thermionic emission dark current characteristics have been obtained. Photoresponse of the HIP detectors in the long-wavelength infrared regime has been demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 153 (1984), S. 347-362 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Explorations in Economic History 28 (1991), S. 87-120 
    ISSN: 0014-4983
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: History , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 37 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The role of ethylene and 2,4-D in the abscission process, and the induction of cellulase isoenzymes in the abscission zones of Citrus fruit at two physiological stages of fruit development, were studied using a new staining technique for the detection of cellulase isoenzymes in polyacrylamide gels following electrophoretic separation. Four to seven isoenzymes were detected in the shoot-peduncle (zone A) and peduncle-fruit (zone C) abscission zones; at least two of them could be detected at excision time, and of these at least one could not be connected with abscission. In the young fruit, ethylene enhanced and 2,4-D delayed both abscission and the formation of several isoenzymes. In the older fruit, ethylene enhanced and 2,4-D delayed the formation of isoenzymes at a time where no abscission occurred any more in zone A. A slower but significant increase in most of the isoenzyme activity detected was also observed in abscission zone A of untreated older fruit explants after excision. These results fully agree with those reported earlier in relation to total cellulase and polygalacturonase activity (Greenberg et al., Physiol. Plant. 34: 1, 1975) tested at the same stages of fruit development. It is suggested, that the generality of the concept that a rise in hydrolytic enzymes in the abscission zone is necessarily followed by separation of the organ should be re-evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 45 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The activity of cellulase, cellulase-isoenzymes and polygalacturonase (PG) in the shoot/peduncle and calyx abscission zones (AZ-A and AZ-C, respectively) of young and mature Shamouti orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) fruit explants was tested after extraction of total enzymes from either exo- or endo-cellular fractions from fruits treated with ethylene or 2,4-D. Ethylene enhanced and 2,4-D delayed both abscission and the activity of exo- and endo-cellular cellulase and PG. When tested separately in the exo- and endo-cellular fraction, the effects of both growth regulators on the activity of almost all cellulase isoenzymes were similar, irrespective of their location in the tissue. In mature fruits no abscission occurred in AZ-A, and yet the activity of cellulase and PG was regulated by the hormones as in abscising AZs. This was also true for total activity of exo- and endo-cellular cellulase and PG. Similar effects were observed when the activity of cellulase isoenzymes was tested in AZ-A of non-abscising mature fruits. It is suggested that whenever the increase in activity of the hydrolytic enzymes, and especially cellulase, is not followed by abscission, the substrate is either immune or not available to the enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 1 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The abscission of citrus leaf explants demonstrates the well-known enhancing effect of ethylene and the delaying one of auxin when treatment is started at excision time. Total peroxidase activity increases differently in tissues of the blade, abscission zone, and petiole. The highest activity at zero time is recovered in abscission zone in which also the response to the abscission regulators is the most visible. Isoperoxidase profiles are modified in opposite directions by ethylene and auxin respectively. Both regulators affect the activity of the same cathodic and anodic isoperoxidases without any qualitative changes. By the same time, auxin-like compounds increase in isolated abscission zones at 24 h from excision and decrease at 48 h. The level of one inhibitor complex undergoes an inverse variation.It is suggested that the increase in auxin during the first stage of abscission is necessary for influencing the growth of cells which is required to cause abscission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Keywords: Key Words. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)—Capsicum annuum—Indole-3-acetic acid (1AA)—1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)—Paprika
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. High temperatures induced abscission of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Maor) reproductive organs at various developmental stages. The role of ethylene biosynthesis and auxin economy in high temperature-induced abscission is described. High temperatures somewhat increased ethylene production in the reproductive organs, but the highest temperature treatment, which was the most active in inducing reproductive organ abscission, decreased it. In contrast to ethylene, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid levels increased significantly in response to high temperatures and correlated positively with the increase in temperature. High temperatures reduced indole-3-acetic acid levels and particularly auxin transport capacity in the reproductive organs. The data suggest that the reduction of auxin transport capacity is the major mechanism by which high temperatures induce reproductive organ abscission in pepper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 12 (1993), S. 325-329 
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: ethylene ; chlorophyll ; 2,5-norbornadiene ; silver nitrate ; citrus fruit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The ethylene antagonists, 2,5-norbornadiene (NBD) and silver nitrate, were used to probe the involvement of endogenous ethylene in the natural degreening of citrus fruit. Mature-green, detached ‘Shamouti’ orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) fruit were treated with NBD vapor or dipped in solutions of silver nitrate. More than 80% of the chlorophyll was lost from control fruit after 8 days. NBD (0.11 mmole/liter) inhibited the loss of chlorophyll by 60%. NBD also antagonized the degreening induced by exogenous ethylene by 50%. Silver nitrate (0.1 mM) inhibited the loss of chlorophyll by 55%. Ethylene evolution of mature, green detached fruit was 〈2 nl.fruit-1.h-1 (ca. 13.5 nl.Kg-1FW.h-1) and did not change significantly for 7 days after harvest. NBD concentrations up to 0.22 mmole/liter did not enhance ethylene evolution. Not with-standing the extremely low amounts of ethylene evolved, the inhibition of degreening by NBD and silver nitrate suggests that endogenous ethylene is involved in the control of this process in mature citrus fruit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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