ALBERT

Description: Multibeam echosounder (MBES) data recorded during RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM34-1 from 09.12.2013 - 27.12.2013. The main objective of this cruise was the localization and characterization of suitable gas hydrate deposits on the Danube deep-sea fan. CI Citation: Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de) as responsible party for bathymetry raw data ingest and approval. Description of the data source: During the RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM34-1 Kongsberg EM122 multibeam echosounder with a nominal sounding frequency of 11.5 to 12.5 kHz was utilized. 288 beams (and up to 864 soundings in equidistant and dual swath mode) are formed for each ping with a 2°(Tx)/2°(Rx) footprint while the seafloor is detected using amplitude and phase information for each beam sounding. For further information consult https://www.km.kongsberg.com/. Based on the acquisition of 2D seismic lines sufficient overlapping of the outer beams between adjacent profiles was possible. Thus the generation of a very detailed 25 m by 25 m bathymetric survey was possible. Responsible person during this cruise / PI: Jasper Hoffmann (jhoffmann@geomar.de), Ingo Klaucke (GEOMAR). Chief Scientist: Ingo Klaucke CR: https://www.tib.eu/de/suchen/id/awi%3Adoi~10.2312%252Fcr_msm34/ CSR: https://www2.bsh.de/aktdat/dod/fahrtergebnis/2013/20130125.htm

Description: This multibeam echo sounder (MBES) bathymetry data and backscatter data, as well as subbottom profiler data, was acquired in Eckernförde Bay, Germany. The MBES data were acquired using an EM2040c system which was installed on R/V Alkor (Cruise AL447 - 2014). It operates with a 200-400 kHz transducer combined with a CodaOctupus F180 motion sensor. The survey was designed to provide high-resolution bathymetry with 0.5 x 0.5 m resolution. The bathymetry data were post-processed using sound velocity profiles acquired at regular intervals. Tidal corrections were applied using the tidal gauge in Eckernförde with reference to NHN, DHHN92. The backscatter amplitude data were corrected for the variation with grazing angle. We ensured the highest possible resolution by using the raw backscatter time-series data for each footprint (snippets) and compensated for the angle of incidence using reference grids. Subbottom profiler data were acquired with the R/V Alkor and R/V Elisabeth Mann Borgese in late October 2014 (cruise AL447), the beginning of July 2018 (cruise EMB187). The data were acquired using a parametric Innomar SES-2000 medium system creating secondary peak frequencies between 4 and 15 kHz.

Description: Multibeam water column data were collected during RV Maria S. Merian cruise MSM31. Multibeam sonar system was Kongsberg EM122. The raw water column sonar data in Kongsberg format (*.wcd) were recorded with Kongsberg SIS software running on Windows operating system. Kongsberg wcd files can be processed using software packages like CARIS HIPS/SIPS, in combination with their corresponding bathymetry (*.all) files.

Description: Multibeam data were collected during RV Maria S. Merian cruise MSM31. Multibeam sonar system was Kongsberg EM1002. Data are unprocessed and may contain outliers and blunders and should not be used for grid calculations and charting projects without further editing. The raw multibeam sonar data in Kongsberg multibeam processing format (*.all) were recorded with Kongsberg SIS software running on Windows operating system. Kongsberg data files can be processed using the software packages CARIS HIPS/SIPS or with the open source software package MB-System.

Description: Multibeam data were collected during RV Maria S. Merian cruise MSM31. Multibeam sonar system was Kongsberg EM122. Data are unprocessed and may contain outliers and blunders and should not be used for grid calculations and charting projects without further editing. The raw multibeam sonar data in Kongsberg multibeam processing format (*.all) were recorded with Kongsberg SIS software running on Windows operating system. Kongsberg data files can be processed using the software packages CARIS HIPS/SIPS or with the open source software package MB-System.

Description: Voluminous igneous complexes are commonly present in sedimentary basins on volcanic rifted margins, and they represent a challenge for petroleum explorationists. A [Formula: see text] industry-standard 3D seismic cube has recently been acquired on the Vøring Marginal High offshore mid-Norway to image subbasalt sedimentary rocks. This cube also provides a unique opportunity for imaging top- and intrabasalt structures. Detailed seismic geomorphological interpretation of the top-basalt horizon, locally calibrated with high-resolution P-Cable wide-azimuth data, reveals new insight into the late-stage development of the volcanic flow fields and the kilometer-high coastal Vøring Escarpment. Subaerial lava flows with compressional ridges and inflated lava lobes cover the marginal high, with a comparable structure and size to modern subaerial lava fields. Pitted surfaces, likely formed by lava emplaced in a wet environment, are present in the western part of the study area near the continent-ocean boundary. The prominent Vøring Escarpment formed when eastward-flowing lava reached the coastline. The escarpment morphology is influenced by preexisting structural highs, and these highs are locally bypassed by the lava. Volcanogenic debris flows are well-imaged on the escarpment horizon, along with large-scale large slump blocks. Similar features exist in active volcanic environments, e.g., on the south coast of Hawaii. Numerous postvolcanic extensional faults and incised channels cut into the marginal high and the escarpment, and we found that the area was geologically active after the volcanism ceased. In summary, igneous seismic geomorphology and seismic volcanostratigraphy are two very powerful methods to understand the volcanic deposits and development of rifted margins. Our study demonstrates great promise for further understanding the igneous development of offshore basins as more high-quality 3D seismic data become available.

Description: Voluminous igneous complexes are commonly present in sedimentary basins on volcanic rifted margins, and they represent a challenge for petroleum explorationists. A 2500 km2 industry-standard 3D seismic cube has recently been acquired on the Vøring Marginal High offshore mid-Norway to image subbasalt sedimentary rocks. This cube also provides a unique opportunity for imaging top- and intrabasalt structures. Detailed seismic geomorphological interpretation of the top-basalt horizon, locally calibrated with high-resolution P-Cable wide-azimuth data, reveals new insight into the late-stage development of the volcanic flow fields and the kilometer-high coastal Vøring Escarpment. Subaerial lava flows with compressional ridges and inflated lava lobes cover the marginal high, with a comparable structure and size to modern subaerial lava fields. Pitted surfaces, likely formed by lava emplaced in a wet environment, are present in the western part of the study area near the continent-ocean boundary. The prominent Vøring Escarpment formed when eastward-flowing lava reached the coastline. The escarpment morphology is influenced by preexisting structural highs, and these highs are locally bypassed by the lava. Volcanogenic debris flows are well-imaged on the escarpment horizon, along with large-scale large slump blocks. Similar features exist in active volcanic environments, e.g., on the south coast of Hawaii. Numerous postvolcanic extensional faults and incised channels cut into the marginal high and the escarpment, and we found that the area was geologically active after the volcanism ceased. In summary, igneous seismic geomorphology and seismic volcanostratigraphy are two very powerful methods to understand the volcanic deposits and development of rifted margins. Our study demonstrates great promise for further understanding the igneous development of offshore basins as more high-quality 3D seismic data become available.