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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1999-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0378-7753
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-2755
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1992-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0378-7753
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-2755
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-11-15
    Print ISSN: 0014-5793
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1990-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0013-4686
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3859
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1985-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0276-7333
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6041
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Organometallics 4 (1985), S. 1208-1213 
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 118 (1985), S. 3105-3113 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Olefin and Cyclopropane Activation Through Geminal Phosphonium CentresComplete quaternization of vinylidenebis(diphenylphosphane) (1) with CH3I or CH3OSO2F yields the diquaternary salts 2a,b, whose olefinic double bond is strongly electrophilic through the activation by two geminal phosphonium centres. Accordingly, addition of methanol or ethanol to 2a,b leads to β-alkoxy-substituted double phosphonium salts 9a-i. The structure of one of these products (9a: X=I, R=CH3) was elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Spectroscopic data are provided for the remaining compounds. - Treatment of triphenylphosphonium cyclopropylide (5) with chlorodiphenylphosphane gives the gem-phosphinosubstituted salt 6, which can be quaternized with CH3OSO2F to yield a bis-phosphonium salt (7a,b). A symmetrical homologue 7c is formed from cyclopropylidenebis(diphenylphosphane) (8) and CH3OSO2F. In 7a-i the cyclopropane cycle is also clearly activated. Ring cleavage occurs with alcohols leading to γ-alkoxylated salts 10a,b.
    Notes: Die erschöpfende Quartärisierung von Vinylidenbis(diphenylphosphan) (1) mit CH3I oder CH3OSO2F liefert Diquartärsalze 2a,b, deren olefinische Doppelbindung durch die beiden Phosphonium-Zentren stark elektrophil aktiviert ist. Die Addition von Methanol oder Ethanol an 2a,b liefert entsprechend die β-alkoxysubstituierten Doppelphosphonium-Salze 9a-i. Die Struktur eines dieser Produkte (9a: X=I, R=CH3) wurde durch eine Einkristall-Röntgenbeugungsanalyse gesichert, für die übrigen liegen spektroskopische Daten vor. - Triphenylphosphoniumcyclopropylid (5) ergibt mit (C6H5)2PCl das geminal phosphinosubstituierte Salz 6, das durch CH3OSO2F zum Bisphosphonium-Salz quartärisiert werden kann (7a,b). Ein symmetrisches Homologes 7 c entsteht aus Cyclopropylidenbis(diphenylphosphan) (8) und CH3OSO2F. In 7a-i ist der Cyclopropan-Cyclus ebenfalls deutlich elektrophil aktiviert. Mit Alkoholen tritt Ringspaltung ein, die hier zu γ-alkoxylierten Salzen 10a,b führt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 3374-3380 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation of Unsymmetrical Methyl/Phenylcarbodiphosphoranes Through Stepwise Synthesis of RearrangementThe bis-phosphonium salt 1,2-C6H4(PPh2Me⊕SO3F⊖)2 (8), obtained from the double quaternisation of 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene (6) using CH3OSO2F, yields on transylidation with excess Et3P=CHMe as an unexpected rearrangement product methylpentaphenylcarbodiphosphorane, MePh2P=C=PPh3 (1). A mechanism is proposed for this isomerisation of a double-ylide 5 into the carbodiphosphorane. 1 is also accessible in a step-wise synthesis from Ph2PCH=PPh3 (2) via the salt intermediate [MePh2PCHPPh3]⊕I⊖ (3).  -  The two remaining unsymmetrical methyl/phenylcarbodiphosphoranes Me2PhP=C=PPh3 (11) and Me3P=C=PPh3 (13) are available starting from [Ph3PCH2Br]⊕Br⊖ (9) and PPhMe2 or PMe3, respectively, followed by dehydrohalogenation of the resulting double quaternary salts (10, 12). Their NMR data show a regular dependence on the degree of Me/Ph substitution.
    Notes: Das durch doppelte Quartärsalz-Bildung aus CH3OSO2F und 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)benzol (6) erhaltene 1,2-C6H4(PPh2Me⊕SO3F⊖)2 (8) ergibt bei der Umylidierung mit überschüssigem Et3P=CHMe als unerwartetes Umlagerungsprodukt Methylpentaphenylcarbodiphosphoran, MePh2P=C=PPh3 (1). Für diese Isomerisierung eines Doppelylids 5 in das Carbodiphosphoran 1 (das auch durch gezielte Synthese aus Ph2PCH=PPh3 (2) über [MePh2PCHPPh3]⊕I⊖ (3) zugänglich ist), wird ein Mechanismus vorgeschlagen.  -  Die beiden übrigen unsymmetrischen Methyl/Phenylcarbodiphosphorane Me2PhP=C=PPh3 (11) und Me3P=C=PPh3 (13) sind aus [Ph3PCH2Br]⊕Br⊖ (9) und PPhMe2 bzw. PMe3 und nachfolgende Dehydrohalogenierung der Doppelquartärsalze (10 bzw. 12) erhältlich. Ihre NMR-Daten sind stetig nach dem Me/Ph-Substitutionsgrad abgestuft.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2322-2327 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Structure Comparison of H2C = C(PPh2)2 and Ph3P = C(PPh2)2. A Contribution to the P = C Double Bond Problem in YlidesThrough a structure analysis of H2C = C(PPh2)2 (1) the conformation-determining effect of the C = C double bond could be compared with that of the P = C double bond in the ylide Ph3P = C-(PPh2)2 (A). Single crystal X-ray diffraction of 1 showed that indeed analogous conformations of the Ph2P groups relative to the basic plane of the molecule are present in the solid. However, the directing influence is much weaker in 1 than in A, and in solution even at -75°C no non-equivalence of the P-atoms is detectable by 31P NMR spectroscopy. The restricted rotation previously found for A is therefore attributed to the gauche effect of the lone pairs of electrons at PIII and the ylidic C atom. According to bond distances, no π-interactions C = P can be diagnosed in 1, while significant contributions of this type seem to be valid for A.
    Notes: Durch die Strukturanalyse von H2C = C(PPh2)2 (1) konnte der konformationsbestimmende Effekt der C = C-Doppelbindung mit dem der P = C-Doppelbindung im Ylid Ph3P = C(PPn2)2 (A) verglichen werden. Die Kristallstrukturanalyse von 1 ergab, daß im festen Zustand wirklich ähnliche Konformationen der Ph2P-Gruppen relativ zur Grundebene des Moleküls vorliegen. Die dirigierende Wirkung ist jedoch nicht so stark wie im Ylid, so daß in Lösungen 31P-NMR-spektroskopisch auch bei - 75°C noch keine Nichtäquivalenz der P-Atome feststellbar ist. Die Rotationsbehinderung in A wird auf den gauche-Effekt der freien Elektronenpaare an PIII und Ylid-C-Atom zurückgeführt. Nach Abstandskriterien entfallen bei 1 auch π-Wechselwirkungen C = P, während sie bei A offenbar erhebliche Beiträge leisten.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 3567-3579 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbodiphosphoran-Isomere mit 1,3-Diphosphaindan-Gerüst und ihre VorstufenBei der Suche nach ringgespannten Carbodiphosphoranen wurden die diastereomeren Methyl/phenyl-bis-phosphane 1a(RR, SS, RS) und ihr symmetrisches Tetraphenylanaloges 1c zunächst in die zugehörigen methylenüberbrücken Bis-phosphonium-bromide 2a, c und -hexafluorophosphate 2b umgewandelt. 2a(RR;SS) und 2a(RS) wurden durch fraktionierende Kristallisation getrennt. Die Behandlung von 2a-c mit den Basen NH3 oder n-BuLi ergibt in erster Stufe die Semi-ylid-Salze 3a-c, die hydrolytisch oder ammonolytisch überraschend an der P—CH—P-Brücke gespalten werden, wobei die Phosphanoxid- bzw. Phosphanimin-Salze 5a, c, 6a entstehen. Die zweite Stufe der Deprotonierung, ausgeführt mit dem Umylidierungs-Agens (C2H5)3P=CHCH3, liefert im Fall von 2a, 3a(RS) das konjugierte Doppelylid 7a, im Fall der methylfreien Salze 2c, 3c aber das Carbodiphosphoran 4c. Mit n-BuLi ergibt 2a(RS) ebenfalls das analoge 4a(RS), vermutlich als Li⊕-Addukt, wie über die Methylierung zum symmetrischen Produkt 8a(RS) bewiesen werden konnte. - 1c wird von CH3I nur an einem Phosphorzentrum methyliert. Das entstehende Phosphoniumsalz 10 ist mit NaNH2 in das Ylid 11 überführbar.
    Notes: In a search for ring-strained carbodiphosphoranes , the diastereomeric bis-phosphanes 1a(RR, SS, RS) and the symmetrical analogue 1c have been converted into the corresponding cyclic methylene-bridged bis-phosphonium bromides 2a, c and hexafluorophosphates 2b. 2a(RR; SS) and 2a(RS) were separated by fractional crystallization. Treatment of 2a-c with base (NH3 or n-BuLi) yields, in a first step, the semi-ylide salts 3a-c which, unexpectedly, undergo hydrolytic or ammonolytic cleavage at the ylidic P—CH—P bridge resulting in formation of the phosphane oxide or phosphane imine salts 5a, c and 6a, respectively. The second deprotonation step, using (C2H5)3P=CHCH3 as a transylidating agent, affords the conjugated bis-ylide 7a in the case of 2a, 3a(RS), but gives the carbodiphosphorane 4c in the case of the methyl-free 2c, 3c. With n-BuLi, 2a, (RS) also yields the analogous species 4a(RS), probably as an Li⊕ adduct, as proven by its conversion into the symmetrical methylated product 8a(RS). - 1c is methylated with CH3I at one P centre only. The resulting phosphonium salt 10 gives the mono-ylide 11 on treatment with NaNH2.
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