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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A flow cryostat for cooling of eight independent pipe guns (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1783-1786 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A flow cryostat allowing independent cooling of eight pipe guns in a multishot deuterium pellet injector is described. The pipe guns are placed symmetrically around the flow cryostat and with a liquid helium consumption of 4–5 l/h the cooling is sufficient for simultaneous formation of eight pellets at 8–9 K with a diameter of 2.1 mm containing up to 8×1020 atoms/pellet. The thermal interaction between the eight pipe guns is sufficiently low to allow successive firing of the guns with time intervals of up to 1 s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142422
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microwave cavity for measurement of the mass of hydrogen pellets (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3464-3466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A description is given of a nondestructive method utilizing a microwave cavity for measuring the mass of high-speed pellets of solid hydrogen. The cavity is designed for use on a multishot pellet injector, where eight pellets are fired successively with trajectories being parallel and symmetrical around the injector axis. The cavity is cylindrical with the axis coinciding with the injector axis. When a pellet passes through the cavity through holes of 15–16 mm diameter, the change in resonant frequency is proportional to the pellet mass. As a result of the cylindrical symmetry the sensitivity will be identical for all pellets. The frequency shift is measured directly and is converted to a signal proportional to the size of the pellet. The cavity was calibrated with pellets of H2 and D2 containing around 6×1020 atoms and with velocities between 1200 and 1500 m/s. The sensitivity was found to be 300±15 mV/1020 atoms in both cases. This is in fair agreement with estimates made from the dielectric constants of solid H2 and D2. The cavity is built together with two optical detectors for time of flight measurements to form an integrated diagnostic unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141604
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotopieverschiebung der natürlichen geraden und ungeraden Sm- und Nd-Isotope (1967)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 203 (1967), S. 296-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The isotope shift of the natural isotopes of Sm and Nd was investigated by a digital recording Fabry-Perot spectrometer using highly enriched samples. By the accuracy achieved in the measurements it was possible to verify earlier results indicating different relative isotope shifts for lines with positive and negative displacements, and to show that also lines with the same sign of the displacement may have different relative isotope shifts. It is shown that these non-constant relative isotope shifts can be explained for the even isotopes by the different contributions of the mass and volume effect to the isotope shifts in the different lines, but this explanation seems only to be partly valid for some distances between even and odd isotopes. The size of the mass effect is estimated and its influence especially on the results of the odd-even staggering is considered. The odd-even staggering is compared to earlier results for Hg. The estimation of the mass effect shows that the results forδ〈r 2〉 determined from the measured isotope shifts without correcting for the mass effect may be considerably wrong. Nevertheless it is possible by a suitable combination of the measured distances to calculate a quantity which only depends on nuclear properties and which therefore enables to check the known theories of the volume dependent isotope shift also without calculating the probability density of thes-electrons at the nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01325919
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for global warming in the past decade (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 332 (1988), S. 790-790 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-The global-mean surface air tem-perature is the most common measure of the state of the climate system. Variations of this parameter are probably deter-mined largely by the sensitivity of the climate system to external forcing factors such as solar output, explosive volcanic eruptions and the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/332790b0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric science on the Galileo mission (1986)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 44 (1986), S. 191-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Observations from the ground and four fly-by spacecraft have provided initial reconnaissance of Jupiter's atmosphere. The Pioneer and Voyager data have raised new questions and underlined old ones about the basic state of the atmosphere and the processes determining the atmosphere's behavior. This paper discusses the main atmospheric science objectives which will be addressed by the Galileo (Orbiter and Probe) mission, organizing the discussion according to the required measurements of chemical composition, thermal structure, clouds, radiation budget, dynamics, upper atmosphere, and satellite atmospheres. Progress on the key questions will contribute not only to our knowledge of Jupiter's atmosphere but to a general understanding of atmospheric processes which will be valuable for helping us to understand the atmosphere and climate of the Earth. Realization of the atmospheric science objectives of the Galileo mission depends upon: (a) coordinated measurements from the entry probe and the orbiter; (b) global observations; and (c) observations over the range of time-scales needed to characterize the basic dynamical processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00200817
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculations of decay rates for triply-excited states in N2+ (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 21 (1991), S. S221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report here calculations of energy level values and autoionization decay rates for all the terms belonging to the 1s23l3l'3l'' configuration in N2+. Comparison are made with previous calculations for 1s23l3l' terms in N3+. The properties of the triply-excited states and in particular the fast autoionization decay rates found in the present calculations can perhaps help in understanding the mechanism responsible for neutralisation of ions at surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01426298
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculations for doubly-excited states populated in two-electron processes (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 21 (1991), S. S87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Recent calculations of doubly-excited states for two and four-electron states in neutral atoms and ions are described. In particular the radiative properties of these states are considered. It is pointed out that some of these states live so long that triply-excited states perhaps can be formed in neutralisation processes at surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01426256
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osmotic pressure measurements of ethyl acrylate polymers. I. Dependence of molecular weight on conversion (1951)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 7 (1951), S. 77-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: By employing the solution polymerization method, ethyl acrylate was readily polymerized, giving a product soluble in a number of organic solvents. By using benzene as the solvent, polymers of exceptionally high molecular weights were produced. The polymer samples were obtained by precipitation after the polymerization had proceeded for various periods of time. The slopes of the osmotic pressure curves were substantially constant for all the polymers. It is concluded that chain transfer to polymer during the polymerization process is insignificant and that the ethyl acrylate polymers do not contain any branched sites. It can be inferred from these data that the insolubility of ethyl polyacrylates frequently encountered is predominantly due to the extremely high molecular weights of the polymers.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1951.120070106
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation of polymerizable tubules (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 1 (1990), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Crystallization ; Phospholipids ; Diacetylene ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: We have been investigating the crystallization behavior of the phospholipid amphiphile, 1,2 bis (10, 12-tricosadiynol)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, DC8,9PC, which forms both vesicles and hollow tubules as well as Langmuir Blodgett monolayers and multilayers. This material has polymerizable diacetylene groups in equivalent positions on the two hydrocarbon tails. The direct crystallization from solution of this amphiphile has been studied using different solvent mixtures and temperatures. The Langmuir Blodgett technique was also used to compress and orient the tubules.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1990.220010105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the enhanced oxidation of poly-N-vinylimidazole films on copper (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 34 (1996), S. 611-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: copper ; corrosion ; poly-N-vinylimidazole ; oxidation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The degradation of poly-N-vinylimidazole films on copper substrates was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Infrared measurements on samples heated at 300°C for 15 minutes revealed that the oxidation of the polymer was accelerated by the copper. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that a layer of copper oxide was formed on top of the oxidized film. Copper ions were also detected within the polymer layer. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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