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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probing termite social systems through allozyme and mtDNA analysis: a case study of Nasutitermes nigriceps and Nasutitermes costalis (Isoptera, Termitidae) (1998)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 45 (1998), S. 289-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Reproduction, termites, population genetics, allozyme, mtDNA.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Certain termite genera exhibit a high degree of variation with respect to the number and developmental origin of reproductives within single colonies. Although such variation is expected to influence patterns of intracolonial competition and cooperation, it has thus far been difficult to investigate. This study exploits both allozyme and mtDNA analysis of colony offspring to infer the reproductive composition of single colonies. This study focuses on two species of Nasutitermes which differ in their social structure - colonies of N. nigriceps are generally led by a single mated pair, while those of N. costalis are regularly polygamous. MtDNA analysis on N. nigriceps shows that all colony members share the same haplotype, even in those cases where allozyme genotype frequencies suggest that colony offspring are derived from more than one reproductive pair. Similar work on N. costalis revealed a complete lack of mtDNA and allozyme variation. It is discussed how breeding system shifts from monogamy to polygamy in termites may be facilitated by population bottlenecks which reduce genetic diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000400050089
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization ofDaphnia mitochondrial DNA (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 33 (1991), S. 152-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Crustacea ; Cladocera ; Restriction mapping ; GC content ; Genome size ; Gene order
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The mitochondrial genome ofDaphnia pulex (Crustacea, Cladocera) was cloned as a single fragment into the plasmid vector pUC12. The genome size, estimated from restriction endonuclease fragment lengths, is 15,400±200 base pairs. The GC content, estimated from thermal denaturation studies, is 42%. The positions of 39 cleavage sites were mapped for 14 restriction enzymes. The distribution of these sites within the genome is random (P=0.44). Heterologous hybridizations withDrosophila sylvestris mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) probes indicate that gene orders withinDaphnia andDrosophila mtDNAs are similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02193629
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic relationships among four members of Stizostedion (Percidae) determined by mitochondrial DNA and allozyme analyses (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 39 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Phylogenetic relationships among four Stizostedion species were examined using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and allozyme analyses. Twenty-six allozyme loci were scored, and mtDNA variation was examined using 24 restriction endonucleases, yielding 48–57 restriction sites among the species. Genetic distance analyses show that the two North American species (S. canadense and S. vitreum) cluster in one group, while the two European species (S. hciopercu and S. vogense) form a second group. Nei's genetic distance between these two groups was 0.7 ± 0.2 for allozymes, while the corresponding mtDNA sequence divergence was 14.8 ± 2.0%, suggesting that these two groups diverged approximately 10 million years ago. Thus, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that Stizostedion colonized North America during the Pliocene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb05088.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competition and species abundance (reply) (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 257 (1975), S. 161-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] HEBERT ET AL. REPLY-Since diffuse competition in Lepidoptera, as we view it, is the result of long term coevolution among lepidopterans, their food plants, predators and parasites, we would not expect these interactions to be strong in highly disturbed communities. The importance of analysing ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/257161a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic discrimination of wild and hatchery populations of brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), in Ontario using mitochondrial DNA analysis (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 39 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two brood stocks of brook charr, Sulvelinus fontinalis, are currently maintained by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. The Nipigon brood stock originated from Lake Nipigon, in north-central Ontario, while the Hills Lake stock is believed to have been produced by hybridizing several strains (including charr from a Pennsylvania hatchery as well as charr from Ontario) in the past. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variability of these brood stocks was characterized using 51 hexanucleotide restriction enzymes. Eleven restriction enzymes, Acc I, Am I, BunI, Bun II, Hind III, Nco I, NdeI, Nhe I, Nsi I, Pst I and Sph I, were polymorphic between the two brood stocks. Eight hatchery mtDNA haplotypes were detected showing a maximum of 0.41 % sequence divergence. Seven haplotypes are present in the Hills Lake strain, and two in the Nipigon strain. These mtDNA haplotypes are useful markers to determine the degree of reproductive success between planted and native fish. In one comparison in southern Ontario, less than 20% of the wild fish sampled from the head water regions of a small drainage entering Lake Erie could have resulted from random introgression with hatchery fish planted further downstream, because most of these fish possessed a unique Acc 1 cut site. This is one of the few examples in stock analysis studies where such a high degree of genetic discrimination is evident between hatchery and native fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb05069.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffuse competition in Lepidoptera (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 252 (1974), S. 389-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The relationship between intensity of competition and species abundance is not likely to be a simple one. Much depends on the limiting factors involved in the competition. The abundance of resource-limited species is, on the short run at least, related to the abundance of the resource. The data ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/252389a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological and physical factors affecting the body burden of organic contaminants in freshwater mussels (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 19 (1990), S. 25-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biological and physical factors affecting the body burdens of hexachlorobenzene, octachlorostyrene, and four polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) congeners in freshwater mussels from Lake St. Clair, Ontario, Canada were investigated. Specimens ofLampsilis radiata (Barnes) and the non-nativeElliptio complanata (Lightfoot) were deployed for forty days at four Lake St. Clair sites, to investigate whether the water or the sediment phase represented the primary source of contaminants and to examine the effect of enclosure of the mussels on contaminant uptake. No significant differences in body burdens were detected for any of the compounds between mussels placed in corrals containing uncontaminated sand and those with natural sediment, suggesting the water phase represents the xenobiotic source. Among three enclosure types of varying restriction there were no significant differences in the body burden of each compound indicating the effect of confinement on uptake is minimal. Weak negative correlations between body burden and body length existed for all compounds, although there were no significant differences between the sexes or, with the exception of PCB congener 118, among five indigenous species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01059809
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic differentiation of freshwater pond copepods at arctic sites (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 167-168 (1988), S. 393-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: genetic differentiation ; arctic calanoids ; allozymes ; electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Freshwater pond copepod species at a low-arctic site show distributional and life history differences which may reflect different dispersal efficiencies. In order to ascertain levels of gene flow among populations, cellulose acetate gel electrophoresis was used to examine allozyme variation in Heterocope septentrionalis, Hesperodiaptomus victoriaensis and Leptodiaptomus tyrrelli near Churchill, Canada. Differentiation of gene frequencies among populations of these species, plus Hesperodiaptomus eiseni and Hesperodiaptomus arcticus at other sites along Hudson Bay was moderate. The variation in gene frequencies was less than that of other passively dispersing organisms from the same habitats, and only slightly greater than that reported for an intertidal copepod with pelagic larvae. The mean number of dispersers exchanged among populations per generation, estimated from Wright's island model, averages 4.1 for the three species. Dispersal efficiency, calculated using population size estimates, revealed differences among the three species. However, these differences were not consistent with that expected from their distributional patterns. This suggests that factors other than dispersal alone determine the distributions of copepod species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026331
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytoplankton community structure and distribution in the nearshore zone of Lake Ontario (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 114 (1984), S. 51-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: phytoplankton ; nearshore ; Lake Ontario ; environmental stability ; community structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Spatial and temporal distributions of phytoplankton were studied during 1979 in the nearshore zone of Lake Ontario. Genera such as Dinobryon, Oscillatoria, and Gymnodinium tended to be found at discrete depths whereas other genera such as Cryptomonas and Rhodomonas tended to be more uniformly distributed throughout the water column. The discrete depth distribution of some of these genera compared with the weak thermal stabilization of the area suggests depth selection and habitat preference within the algal community. Physical processes probably played a major role in regulating the timing and duration of vertical diatom pulses, and resuspension from the sediment played a major role as to the timing of the autumn growth. Vertical mixing in the nearshore zone was sufficient for some diatom genera such as Tabellaria to maintain populations throughout the summer. These mixing processes, however, affect the stability of community structures and associations that develop within the water column. The role of physical processes and their potential effects on algal production in the Great Lakes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016601
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  • 10
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    Population genetics of ecological communities with DNA barcodes: An example from New Guinea Lepidoptera (2010)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-02
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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