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  • 1
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    Large Scale Gas Stratification Erosion by a Vertical Helium-Air Jet (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Description: Containment conditions after certain postulated severe accident scenarios in nuclear power plants might result in the accumulation of hydrogen in the vessel dome. Inspired by these accident scenarios an experiment for the OECD/NEA benchmark exercise (2014) was carried out in the large scale PANDA facility at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland. The benchmark experiment was conducted at room temperature and under conditions characterized by an initially positively buoyant jet which becomes negatively buoyant while interacting with a helium layer. The experiment addresses (i) the initial conditions especially at the tube exit and (ii) the details of the entrainment of the helium stratification into the jet and the transport of the mixture towards the lower parts of the vessel. For the tube exit velocity mean and fluctuating quantities we find a reasonable agreement with pipe flow data, but a lack of agreement between past tube exit measurements and our results. It is shown that the axial velocity of the jet experiences a strong deceleration in the vicinity of the helium-rich layer and is finally stopped. Fluid accumulates in this zone and part of this fluid is flowing back in a narrow annular region around the upward flowing jet. Consequently, part of the annular flow is reentrained into the rising jet. During the layer erosion, the flow structure changes from a more downwards oriented annular type to a more horizontally oriented mushroom type of flow. It is found that locations for which we record considerable turbulent kinetic energy extends above the region where the velocity magnitude has decayed to almost zero, indicating that the jet deceleration and redirection introduces considerable turbulence in the helium stratification.
    Print ISSN: 1687-6075
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-6083
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
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    The intestinal microbiota modulates the anticancer immune effects of cyclophosphamide (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-23
    Description: Cyclophosphamide is one of several clinically important cancer drugs whose therapeutic efficacy is due in part to their ability to stimulate antitumor immune responses. Studying mouse models, we demonstrate that cyclophosphamide alters the composition of microbiota in the small intestine and induces the translocation of selected species of Gram-positive bacteria into secondary lymphoid organs. There, these bacteria stimulate the generation of a specific subset of "pathogenic" T helper 17 (pT(H)17) cells and memory T(H)1 immune responses. Tumor-bearing mice that were germ-free or that had been treated with antibiotics to kill Gram-positive bacteria showed a reduction in pT(H)17 responses, and their tumors were resistant to cyclophosphamide. Adoptive transfer of pT(H)17 cells partially restored the antitumor efficacy of cyclophosphamide. These results suggest that the gut microbiota help shape the anticancer immune response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048947/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4048947/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Viaud, Sophie -- Saccheri, Fabiana -- Mignot, Gregoire -- Yamazaki, Takahiro -- Daillere, Romain -- Hannani, Dalil -- Enot, David P -- Pfirschke, Christina -- Engblom, Camilla -- Pittet, Mikael J -- Schlitzer, Andreas -- Ginhoux, Florent -- Apetoh, Lionel -- Chachaty, Elisabeth -- Woerther, Paul-Louis -- Eberl, Gerard -- Berard, Marion -- Ecobichon, Chantal -- Clermont, Dominique -- Bizet, Chantal -- Gaboriau-Routhiau, Valerie -- Cerf-Bensussan, Nadine -- Opolon, Paule -- Yessaad, Nadia -- Vivier, Eric -- Ryffel, Bernhard -- Elson, Charles O -- Dore, Joel -- Kroemer, Guido -- Lepage, Patricia -- Boneca, Ivo Gomperts -- Ghiringhelli, Francois -- Zitvogel, Laurence -- P01 DK071176/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01DK071176/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA086355/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI084880/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Nov 22;342(6161):971-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1240537.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, U1015, Equipe labellisee Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24264990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Bacterial Translocation/*drug effects ; Cyclophosphamide/*therapeutic use ; Germ-Free Life ; Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects/physiology ; Immunologic Memory ; Immunosuppressive Agents/*therapeutic use ; Intestine, Small/*microbiology ; Lymphoid Tissue/immunology/microbiology ; Mice ; Microbiota/drug effects/*physiology ; Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*immunology ; Th17 Cells/immunology/transplantation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Autophagy-dependent anticancer immune responses induced by chemotherapeutic agents in mice (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-17
    Description: Antineoplastic chemotherapies are particularly efficient when they elicit immunogenic cell death, thus provoking an anticancer immune response. Here we demonstrate that autophagy, which is often disabled in cancer, is dispensable for chemotherapy-induced cell death but required for its immunogenicity. In response to chemotherapy, autophagy-competent, but not autophagy-deficient, cancers attracted dendritic cells and T lymphocytes into the tumor bed. Suppression of autophagy inhibited the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from dying tumor cells. Conversely, inhibition of extracellular ATP-degrading enzymes increased pericellular ATP in autophagy-deficient tumors, reestablished the recruitment of immune cells, and restored chemotherapeutic responses but only in immunocompetent hosts. Thus, autophagy is essential for the immunogenic release of ATP from dying cells, and increased extracellular ATP concentrations improve the efficacy of antineoplastic chemotherapies when autophagy is disabled.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michaud, Mickael -- Martins, Isabelle -- Sukkurwala, Abdul Qader -- Adjemian, Sandy -- Ma, Yuting -- Pellegatti, Patrizia -- Shen, Shensi -- Kepp, Oliver -- Scoazec, Marie -- Mignot, Gregoire -- Rello-Varona, Santiago -- Tailler, Maximilien -- Menger, Laurie -- Vacchelli, Erika -- Galluzzi, Lorenzo -- Ghiringhelli, Francois -- di Virgilio, Francesco -- Zitvogel, Laurence -- Kroemer, Guido -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 16;334(6062):1573-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1208347.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉INSERM, U848, Villejuif, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174255" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Autophagy/drug effects/*physiology ; Calreticulin/pharmacology ; Cell Death/immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendritic Cells/immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mitoxantrone/pharmacology ; Neoplasms/drug therapy/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abstracts of papers (1994)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 16 (1994), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01876919
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of recombinant Von Willebrand factor by CHO cells cultured in macroporous microcarriers (1990)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 4 (1990), S. 163-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: CHO cells ; macroporous microcarrier ; scale-up ; serum-free ; Von Willebrand factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells producing Von Willebrand factor have been successfully grown in gelatin macroporous microcarriers (Cultispher-G). Serum-free cultures were maintained in 1, 4, and 10 liter fermentors for more than two months. Comparative studies with Cytodex-3 microcarriers have been performed in 1 liter fermentors. The lower specific Von Willebrand factor productivity of CHO cells cultivated on Cultispher-G were offset by higher cell densities (107−2×107 cells/ml). Volumetric Von Willebrand factor productivity was influenced by oxygen concentration, and remained stable during scale-up from 1 to 10 liter fermentors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365097
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous production of large amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulins in hollow fibers using protein-free medium (1992)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 10 (1992), S. 33-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: continuous culture ; free solution capillary electrophoresis ; hollow fibers ; monoclonal antibody characterization ; protein-free medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The performance of a protein-free medium was compared in culture flasks with a serum-supplemented medium and with a serum free medium in terms of cell growth and monoclonal antibody production by a murine hybridoma. We present results of continuous production in hollow fiber culture systems using serum-free medium and protein-free medium. In protein-free medium, it has been possible to produce large quantities of monoclonal antibody with a productivity similar to that obtained in serum-free medium. After a two steps purification process, monoclonal antibodies were characterized by SDS-PAGE, High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography and Free Solution Capillary Electrophoresis. SDS-PAGE and high performance chromatography analysis have showed that purified monoclonal antibodies produced in serum-free medium or protein-free medium were similar. Furthermore, Capillary Electrophoresis characterization revealed that both MAbs were constituted by three isoforms with equivalent electrophoretic mobilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376098
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of statistical design of experiments to the optimization of factor VIII expression by CHO cells (1991)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 6 (1991), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: CHO cells ; DOEHLERT matrix ; experimental design ; Factor VIII ; HADAMARD matrix ; mathematical model ; optimization ; serum-free medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Selection and optimization of the concentrations of chemically defined components effective on recombinant factor VIII:C production by CHO cells have been performed with statistically designed experiments. Screening of efficient compounds on factor VIII expression was performed by using HADAMARD method, while a precise optimization of the concentrations of two components was achieved with the help of DOEHLERT method. Increased specific activity of factor VIII and reduced cost medium have been obtained with a fewer number of experiments than compared to a less rational approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00624762
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  • 8
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    Mechanisms of uranyl sorption (2007)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 236: 545-560.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-10-08
    Description: Detailed knowledge of the reactions at the water/colloid/mineral interface is crucial to model accurately actinide behaviour in nature. In this paper, we review current knowledge of the sorption of actinides and of the mechanisms of sorption, with a particular focus on uranyl. Of major interest is the influence of the aqueous uranyl species (e.g., carbonate complexes, polynuclear species, colloids) on the uranyl sorption species. We present extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on the coordination of uranyl onto an amorphous Al phase and onto quartz, respectively. Our XPS investigations show that two components having uranyl ions in very distinct coordination environments co-exist on quartz at high uranyl surface coverage, independently of the presence of uranyl carbonate complexes or uranyl colloids in solution. One component corresponds to polynuclear surface species and/or schoepite-like surface precipitates. In the case of similar uranyl concentrations and of high carbonate solution concentrations, polymeric uranyl species are formed on quartz, whereas no such surface species occurs on the Al phase. Uranyl is found on the Al phase as mononuclear uranyl carbonato surface complexes only. These results are of importance because they suggest that mineral surface characteristics strongly control the uranyl surface species in aquifers.
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  • 9
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    Liver X receptor β activation induces pyroptosis of human and murine colon cancer cells (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-15
    Print ISSN: 1350-9047
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-5403
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
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    Two-dimensional mapping of falling water film thickness with near-infrared attenuation (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-21
    Print ISSN: 0723-4864
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1114
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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