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  • 1
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    Tolerance to Postharvest Physiological Deterioration in Cassava Roots (2010)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
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    Molecular Marker Analysis and Validation of Resistance to Cassava Mosaic Disease in Elite Cassava Genotypes in Nigeria (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A molecular genetic map of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 431-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cassava ; Molecular markers ; Genetic mapping ; Polyploidy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A genetic linkage map of cassava has been constructed with 132 RFLPs, 30 RAPDs, 3 microsatellites, and 3 isoenzyme markers segregating from the heterozygous female parent of an intraspecific cross. The F1 cross was made between ‘TMS 30572’ and ‘CM 2177-2’, elite cassava cultivars from Nigeria and Colombia, respectively. The map consists of 20 linkage groups spanning 931.6 cM or an estimated 60% of the cassava genome. Average marker density is 1 per 7.9 cM. Since the mapping population is an F1 cross between heterozygous parents, with unique alleles segregating from either parent, a second map was constructed from the segregation of 107 RFLPs, 50 RAPDs, 1 microsatellite, and 1 isoenzyme marker from the male parent. Comparison of intervals in the male-and female-derived maps, bounded by markers heterozygous in both parents, revealed significantly less meiotic recombination in the gametes of the female than in the male parent. Six pairs of duplicated loci were detected by low-copy genomic and cDNA sequences used as probes. Efforts are underway to saturate the cassava map with additional markers, to join the male- and female-derived maps, and to elucidate genome organization in cassava.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050580
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsatellites in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz): discovery, inheritance and variability (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 493-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cassava ; Microsatellites ; Fluorescence-based genotyping ; Heterozygosity ; Linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Fourteen microsatellites containing GA-repeats were isolated and characterized in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae). Microsatellite heterozygosity (h) was estimated in 48 accessions using (32P)-end-labeled primers and in more than 500 accessions using fluorescence-based genotyping. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.00 to 0.88 and the number of alleles detected varied from 1 to 15. The reproducibility of allele sizing was also assessed using fluorescence-based genotyping. The average inter-gel size difference was 1.03 nucleotides. Chi-square tests (χ2) were performed to analyse segregation distortion and the linkage between alleles segregating from either or both parents in an F1 mapping population. Most microsatellite loci segregated in the expected 1 : 1, 1 : 2 : 1 or 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 ratio. Linkage was detected between loci segregating from either parent, and segregation distortion from the male parent was detected for locus GA-131. Approximately 80% of the microsatellites detected one or two alleles per accession, suggesting a low degree of microsatellite locus duplication, an unexpected finding for a putative allopolyploid, highly heterozygous species. The high h values of most microsatellites, their amplification in other Manihot taxa and their suitability for high-throughput, fluorescence-based genotyping, make microsatellites the marker of choice for germplasm characterization and saturation of the cassava map.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050922
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability of chloroplast DNA and nuclear ribosomal DNA in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and its wild relatives (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 719-727 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Cassava ; Wild Manihot species Chloroplast DNA ; Nuclear ribosomal DNA ; Phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chloroplast DNA (cp) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) variation was investigated in 45 accessions of cultivated and wild Manihot species. Ten independent mutations, 8 point mutations and 2 length mutations were identified, using eight restriction enzymes and 12 heterologous cpDNA probes from mungbean. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis defined nine distinct chloroplast types, three of which were found among the cultivated accessions and six among the wild species. Cladistic analysis of the cpDNA data using parsimony yielded a hypothetical phylogeny of lineages among the cpDNAs of cassava and its wild relatives that is congruent with morphological evolutionary differentiation in the genus. The results of our survey of cpDNA, together with rDNA restriction site change at the intergenic spacer region and rDNA repeat unit length variation (using rDNA cloned fragments from taro as probe), suggest that cassava might have arisen from the domestication of wild tuberous accessions of some Manihot species, followed by intensive selection. M. esculenta subspp flabellifolia is probably a wild progenitor. Introgressive hybridization with wild forms and pressures to adapt to the widely varying climates and topography in which cassava is found might have enhanced the crop's present day variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223711
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic mapping of resistance to bacterial blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 865-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Bacterial blight ; Cassava ; Disease resistance ; Mapping QTLs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Cassava bacterial blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam), is a major disease of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Africa and South America. Planting resistant varieties is the preferred method of disease control. Recent genetic mapping of an F1 cross (TMS 30572 × CM 2177–2) led to the construction of the first molecular genetic map of cassava. To better understand the genetics of resistance to CBB, we evaluated individuals of the F1 cross for CBB resistance by controlled greenhouse inoculations and visually assessed symptoms on days 7, 15, and 30 days after inoculation, using a scale where 0 = no disease and 5 = maximum susceptibility. Five Xam strains were used: CIO-84, CIO-1, CIO-136, CIO-295, and ORST X-27. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was used as a quantitative measure of resistance in QTL analysis by single-marker regression. Based on the AUDPC values, eight QTLs (quantitative trait loci), located on linkage groups B, D, L, N, and X of the female-derived framework map, were found to explain 9–20% of the phenotypic variance of the crop’s response to the five Xam strains. With the male-derived framework map, four QTLs on linkage groups G and C explained 10.7–27.1% of the variance. A scheme to confirm the usefulness of these markers in evaluating segregating populations for resistance to CBB is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051554
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AFLP analysis of African cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) germplasm resistant to the cassava mosaic disease (CMD) (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 678-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cassava ; AFLP ; Genetic distances ; QTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Amplified fragment length polymophism was assessed in 20 land races and nine elite lines of cassava from Africa, resistant and susceptible to the cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Eleven accessions from a representative core collection from Latin America, previously studied by AFLPs, were included as a reference. AFLP data from all accessions was analyzed by both the unweighted pair group mean average (UPGMA) and multiple cluster analysis (MCA) methods of analysis. Genetic differentiation between clusters and the coefficient of genetic differentiation was also calculated. Results reveal a genetic divergence between African and Latin American accessions, although some overlap was found between them. African land races resistant to CMD, were also found to be genetically differentiated from susceptible land races and from resistant elite lines. AFLP analysis identified a considerable number of duplicates in the African accessions, suggesting a sizeable percentage of redundancy. A unique AFLP fragment, found in a relatively high frequency in African accessions, but absent in the Latin American accessions, was found to be associated with branching pattern by QTL mapping in an F1 progeny derived from African and Latin American parents. The likely source and the utility of the unique AFLP fragment in understanding the processes of genetic divergence in Africa is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051339
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plants from culture of immature zygotic embryos (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 55 (1998), S. 39-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: backcross populations ; embryonic axes ; genotypic effect ; Euphorbiaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An embryo culture protocol using immature cassava seeds has been developed to enhance successful seed germination and reduce time for population establishment. Embryonic axes were excised from seeds 40 days after pollination and placed on 1/3 MS medium supplemented with growth factors. Fruits were either air-dried at 20 °C to aid dehiscence, or dissected immediately after harvest. Culture of embryonic axes from seeds obtained from mature fruits (90 days after pollination) served as control. Average percent germination and plantlet recovery rate were higher for embryos cultured from non air-dried immature seeds than from air-dried immature seeds. Immature seeds that were air-dried before germination had ≥50% reduction in germination rate and ≥75% reduction in plantlet recovery rate, indicating that cassava immature zygotic embryos are susceptible to osmotic pressure changes. Genotypic effects were observed in shoot elongation, formation of internodes, and vigor of cultures from both mature and immature seeds. The high percentage of plants recovered from immature seeds through embryo culture opens up opportunities for genetic stock development in cassava that has been previously unexplored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026480617164
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