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  • 1
    facet.materialart.12
    Statistical models : theory and practice (2009)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Call number: 9780511603365 (e-book)
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 442 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: Revised edition
    ISBN: 9780511603365
    URL: Fulltext @ Ebook Central (AWI only)
    Language: English
    Note: Table of Contents Foreword to the Revised Edition Preface 1 Observational Studies and Experiments 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The HIP trial 1.3 Snow on cholera 1.4 Yule on the causes of poverty Exercise set A 1.5 End notes 2 The Regression Line 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The regression line 2.3 Hooke’s law Exercise set A 2.4 Complexities 2.5 Simple vs multiple regression Exercise set B 2.6 End notes 3 Matrix Algebra 3.1 Introduction Exercise set A 3.2 Determinants and inverses Exercise set B 3.3 Random vectors Exercise set C 3.4 Positive definite matrices Exercise set D 3.5 The normal distribution Exercise set E 3.6 If you want a book on matrix algebra 4 Multiple Regression 4.1 Introduction Exercise set A 4.2 Standard errors Things we don’t need Exercise set B 4.3 Explained variance in multiple regression Association or causation? Exercise set C 4.4 What happens to OLS if the assumptions break down? 4.5 Discussion questions 4.6 End notes 5 Multiple Regression: Special Topics 5.1 Introduction 5.2 OLS is BLUE Exercise set A 5.3 Generalized least squares Exercise set B 5.4 Examples on GLS Exercise set C 5.5 What happens to GLS if the assumptions break down? 5.6 Normal theory Statistical significance Exercise set D 5.7 The F-test “The” F-test in applied work Exercise set E 5.8 Data snooping Exercise set F 5.9 Discussion questions 5.10 End notes 6 Path Models 6.1 Stratification Exercise set A 6.2 Hooke’s law revisited Exercise set B 6.3 Political repression during the McCarthy era Exercise set C 6.4 Inferring causation by regression Exercise set D 6.5 Response schedules for path diagrams Selection vs intervention Structural equations and stable parameters Ambiguity in notation Exercise set E 6.6 Dummy variables Types of variables 6.7 Discussion questions 6.8 End notes 7 Maximum Likelihood 7.1 Introduction Exercise set A 7.2 Probit models Why not regression? The latent-variable formulation Exercise set B Identification vs estimation What if the Ui are N (μ, σ 2)? Exercise set C 7.3 Logit models Exercise set D 7.4 The effect of Catholic schools Latent variables Response schedules The second equation Mechanics: bivariate probit Why a model rather than a cross-tab? Interactions More on table 3 in Evans and Schwab More on the second equation Exercise set E 7.5 Discussion questions 7.6 End notes 8 The Bootstrap 8.1 Introduction Exercise set A 8.2 Bootstrapping a model for energy demand Exercise set B 8.3 End notes 9 Simultaneous Equations 9.1 Introduction Exercise set A 9.2 Instrumental variables Exercise set B 9.3 Estimating the butter model Exercise set C 9.4 What are the two stages? Invariance assumptions 9.5 A social-science example: education and fertility More on Rindfuss et al 9.6 Covariates 9.7 Linear probability models The assumptions The questions Exercise set D 9.8 More on IVLS Some technical issues Exercise set E Simulations to illustrate IVLS 9.9 Discussion questions 9.10 End notes 10 Issues in Statistical Modeling 10.1 Introduction The bootstrap The role of asymptotics Philosophers’ stones The modelers’ response 10.2 Critical literature 10.3 Response schedules 10.4 Evaluating the models in chapters 7–9 10.5 Summing up References Answers to Exercises The Computer Labs Appendix: Sample MATLAB Code Reprints Gibson on McCarthy Evans and Schwab on Catholic Schools Rindfuss et al on Education and Fertility Schneider et al on Social Capital Index
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of Cyanocobalamin To Enhance Anaerobic Biodegradation of Chloroform (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 28 (1994), S. 1942-1949 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00060a027
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How Tautological Are Interspecies Correlations of Carcinogenic Potencies? (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 13 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Crouch and Wilson demonstrated a strong correlation between carcinogenic potencies in rats and mice, supporting the extrapolation from mouse to man. Bernstein et al., however, show that the observed correlation is mainly a statistical artifact of bioassay design. Crouch et al. have a comeback. This paper will review the arguments and present some new data. The correlation is largely (but not totally) tautological, confirming results in Bernstein et al.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb01078.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some issues in the foundation of statistics (1995)
    Springer
    Foundations of science 1 (1995), S. 19-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Keywords: Statistics ; Probability ; Objectivist ; Subjectivist ; Bayes ; de Finetti ; Decision theory ; Model validation ; Regression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract After sketching the conflict between objectivists and subjectivists on the foundations of statistics, this paper discusses an issue facing statisticians of both schools, namely, model validation. Statistical models originate in the study of games of chance, and have been successfully applied in the physical and life sciences. However, there are basic problems in applying the models to social phenomena; some of the difficulties will be pointed out. Hooke's law will be contrasted with regression models for salary discrimination, the latter being a fairly typical application in the social sciences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208723
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rejoinder (1995)
    Springer
    Foundations of science 1 (1995), S. 69-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8471
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Conclusion My favorite opponent in this debate once made a remarkable concession, not that it interfered with business as usual: No sensible social scientist believes any particular specification, coefficient estimate, or standard error. Social science theories ... imply that specifications and parameters constant over situations do not exist ... One searches for qualitative theory ... not for quantitative specifications Achen (1987, p.149). . With Hooke's law and the like, we are estimating parameters in specifications that are constant across time—at least to a very good degree of approximation But see Cartwright (1983). . What are the social scientists doing when they estimate non-existent parameters, and put standard errors on the output? How can that help them search for qualitative theory? Those are among the first of my questions, and I never get answers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208725
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experience-dependent representation of visual categories in parietal cortex (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 443 (2006), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Categorization is a process by which the brain assigns meaning to sensory stimuli. Through experience, we learn to group stimuli into categories, such as ‘chair’, ‘table’ and ‘vehicle’, which are critical for rapidly and appropriately selecting behavioural ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05078
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The empirical distribution of the fourier coefficients of a sequence of independent, identically distributed long-tailed random variables (1981)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 58 (1981), S. 21-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary Suppose X 1, X 2,... are independent, identically distributed random variables, and suppose n −1/α(X1+...+Xn) converges in distribution to a symmetric stable law of index α〈2. For s=1, ..., n, set $${\text{Y}}_{ns} = n^{ - 1/\alpha } \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {X_j } {\text{ cos(2}}\pi js/n{\text{)}}$$ . Let Μ n be the empirical distribution of {Y ns∶ s=1, ..., n}. Then Μ n converges in distribution, but not in probability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00536193
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exchangeable processes need not be mixtures of independent, identically distributed random variables (1979)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 48 (1979), S. 115-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary According to a theorem of de Finetti's, an exchangeable stochastic process with values in a compact metric space can be represented as a mixture of sequences of independent, identically distributed random variables. This paper demonstrates the existence of a separable metric space for which the conclusion fails. In the opposite direction, an example is given of a nonstandard space for which the representation necessarily holds. Modifications of the argument lead to examples of exchangeable stochastic processes and stationary Markov processes which take values in a separable metric space but do not satisfy the conclusions of the Kolmogorov consistency theorem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01886868
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the maximum deviation between the histogram and the underlying density (1981)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 58 (1981), S. 139-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The limiting joint distribution of the location and size of the maximum deviation between the historgram and the underlying density is derived. For smooth densities, the location and size of the maximum are asymptotically independent. The size has a limiting double-exponential distribution and the location has a limiting normal distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00531558
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mixture of independent identically distributed random variables need not admit a regular conditional probability given the exchangeable σ-field (1980)
    Springer
    Probability theory and related fields 51 (1980), S. 239-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2064
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587351
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