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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable haploid poplar callus lines from immature pollen culture (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 120 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Embryogenesis and plant regeneration have been obtained from isolated immature pollen of two poplar hybrids (Populus nigra L. × hybrid ‘Aue1’ and ‘Aue2’). In total, 1487 calli or embryos, respectively, larger than 1 mm were generated in a 2-year study. By using a cytokinin containing induction medium, on average 19 calli per responsive immature catkin were formed. Additional supplementation with auxin in 2002 increased the frequency to 72 calli per catkin. Microsatellite marker analyses confirmed haploid origin in most regenerants studied. So far six out of eight obtained regenerative callus lines have maintained their haploid level up to 24 months of development. A number of haploid and doubled haploid plants of different lines are available and have been transferred to soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.0266.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functions of the canal system in the rotaliid foraminifer, Heterostegina depressa (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 789-791 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although foraminiferal tests are characterized by a multiplicity of shapes, wall structures and construction materials, in only a few taxa do we understand their functional roles well enough to demonstrate relationships to feeding methods or environments (substrates)5'6. The only group in which ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/309789a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of varying environments on photosynthetic parameters of C3, C3-C4 and C4 species of Panicum (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 79 (1989), S. 168-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Environment ; Panicum ; Photosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary CO2 exchange characteristics and the activity of the carboxylating enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP-C, E.C. 4.1.1.31) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBP-C, E.C. 4.1.1.39) during one year in the greenhouse and at two levels of light and temperature in growth chambers were determined in the C3-C4 intermediate species P. milioides Nees ex. Trin. These results were compared with those of P. bisulcatum Thumb. (C3) and P. maximum Jacq. (C4). Under all tested conditions, and even when the influence of leaf surface temperature on photosynthetic rates and CO2 compensation points were measured, the biochemical and physiological behaviour of the C3-C4 intermediate was more similar to that of the C3 plant than the C4 species. The C4 plant P. maximum, however, responded positively, mainly in terms of PEP-C activity and photosynthetic rate, to the regime of high light and temperature. The results presented indicate that in the C3-C4 Panicum grown in high light and temperature no direct relationships between a low CO2 compesation point and superior growth are evident. It has still to be clarified why in nature a photosynthetic-photorespiratory pathway leading to an intermediate CO2 compensation value has evolved in P. milioides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388473
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Callus induction and plant regeneration in Panicum bisulcatum and Panicum milioides (1986)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 5 (1986), S. 169-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Surface sterilized seeds and mesocotyls from sterile seedlings from Panicum bisulcatum Thumb., as well as basal parts of leaves and mesocotyls from sterile seedlings, and seeds from Panicum milioides Nees ex. Trin were used as explants to induce callus on a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.5 to 10 mg/l of 2,4-D. Subculturing of the white callus from P. milioides and of the brown callus from P. bisulcatum on a medium containing 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D and 10 g/l sucrose led in both species to the appearance of green structures from which plants could be regenerated. Plants were regenerated by an organogenetic process in P. milioides, while P. bisulcatum plants were regenerated both via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. 1032 and 94 plants, from P. bisulcatum and P. milioides, respectively, were transferred into soil, and about 90% of them were grown to maturity and set seeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of altered phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activities on transgenic C3 plant Solanum tuberosum (1996)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 32 (1996), S. 831-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: antisense ; Corynebacterium glutamicum ; Escherichia coli ; Flaveria trinervia ; overexpression ; photosynthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) genes from Corynebacterium glutamicum (cppc), Escherichia coli (eppc) or Flaveria trinervia (fppc) were transferred to Solanum tuberosum. Plant regenerants producing foreign PEPC were identified by Western blot analysis. Maximum PEPC activities measured in eppc and fppc plants grown in the greenhouse were doubled compared to control plants. For cppc a transgenic plant line could be selected which exhibited a fourfold increase in PEPC activity. In the presence of acetyl-CoA, a known activator of the procaryotic PEPC, a sixfold higher activity level was observed. In cppc plants grown in axenic culture PEPC activities were even higher. There was a 6-fold or 12-fold increase in the PEPC activities compared to the controls measured in the absence or presence of acetyl-CoA, respectively. Comparable results were obtained by transient expression in Nicotiana tabacum protoplasts. PEPC of C. glutamicum (PEPC C.g.) in S. tuberosum leaf extracts displays its characteristic K m(PEP) value. Plant growth was examined with plants showing high expression of PEPC and, moreover, with a plant cell line expressing and antisense S. tuberosum (anti-sppc) gene. In axenic culture the growth rate of a cppc plant cell line was appreciably diminished, whereas growth rates of an anti-sppc line were similar or slightly higher than in controls. Malate levels were increased in cppc plants and decreased in antisense plants. There were no significant differences in photosynthetic electron transport or steady state CO2 assimilation between control plants and transformants overexpressing PEPC C.g. or anti-sppc plants. However, a prolonged dark treatment resulted in a delayed induction of photosynthetic electron transport in plants with less PEPC. Rates of CO2 release in the dark determined after a 45 min illumination period at a high proton flux density were considerably enhanced in cppc plants and slightly diminished in anti-sppc plants. When CO2 assimilation rates were corrected for estimated rates of mitochondrial respiration in the light, the electron requirement for CO2 assimilation determined in low CO2 was slightly lower in transformants with higher PEPC, whereas transformants with decreased PEPC exhibited an appreciably elevated electron requirement. The CO2 compensation point remained unchanged in plants (cppc) with high PEPC activity, but might be increased in an antisense plant cell line. Stomatal opening was delayed in antisense plants, but was accelerated in plants overexpressing PEPC C.g. compared to the controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020481
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excision of the maize transposable element Ac in periclinal chimeric leaves of 35S-Ac-rolC transgenic aspen-Populus (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 33 (1997), S. 1097-1103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Ac ; Agrobacterium ; periclinal chimera ; rolC ; transgenic Populus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The transposable element Ac from maize, in combination with the phenotypic selectable marker rolC, was employed in transformation experiments of a hybrid aspen clone. A number of transgenic clones exhibited light-green sectors on green leaves. In vitro regeneration from leaves showing a high number of light-green spots resulted in R2 plants, which also showed light-green sectored leaves. However, only one out of 385 regenerated plants obtained showed green leaves. Both PCR and northern analysis indicated Ac excision and restoration of rolC expression. In Southern blot analysis of this green plant additional bands were observed as compared to the original R1 plant. The occurrence of these bands and a suggested Ac excision in the non-green L1-epidermal layer leading to periclinal chimerism of this plant is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005788706864
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constitutive or light-regulated expression of the rolC gene in transgenic potato plants has different effects on yield attributes and tuber carbohydrate composition (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 23 (1993), S. 749-757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: reducing sugars ; rolC ; Solanum tuberosum ; transgenic potato ; tuberization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Tetraploid potato clones, transgenic for the rolC gene of Agrobacterium rhizogenes under control of the light-inducible ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit promoter (rbcS-rolC), were compared, with respect to yield attributes and tuber carbohydrates, with transformed and untransformed controls and with 35S-rolC transgenic potato plants. In rbcS-rolC plants, the expression of the rolC gene was located mainly in leaves, while in 35S-rolC plants transcripts were detected as well in shoots and roots. Phenotypically, rbcS-rolC transgenic plants were found to be slightly reduced in plant size with a few more tillers than control plants. Photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were significantly lower in all rolC transgenic plants irrespective of the type of construct used. Tuber yield was not significantly different between controls and rbcS-rolC transgenic plants, but was reduced in the 35S-rolC transformants. Sucrose level was unchanged in all rolC clones investigated, whereas fructose content was significantly enhanced in 35S-rolC transformants, but not in the plants expressing the rolC gene in aerial plant parts only. In both types of rolC transgenic plants, glucose content was lower than in controls, resulting in a significant reduction of reducing sugar in tubers. The results suggest a hormonal influence on the carbohydrate composition of potato tubers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021530
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic transformation of Populus genotypes with different chimaeric gene constructs: transformation efficiency and molecular analysis (1997)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 6 (1997), S. 111-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Ac ; Agrobacterium ; aspen ; Populus ; transformation ; transposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspen (Populus tremula) and hybrid aspen (P. tremula × P. tremuloides) were transformed with different gene constructs using two types of promoter. The aim was to determine the influence of the reporter gene rolC, controlled by promoters of viral or plant origin, on genetic and morphologic expression of different transgenic aspen clones. An improved transformation method using leaf discs was developed, by which putative transgenic plantlets were regenerated at high efficiencies (up to 34%) on kanamycin-containing medium. Transgenic aspen carrying the rolC gene from Agrobacterium rhizogenes under control of the cauliflower-35S-promoter are reduced in size with smaller leaves, whereas aspen transgenic for the same rolC gene, but under control of the light inducible rbcS promoter from potato, are only slightly reduced in size compared to untransformed controls. However, all clones carrying 35S-rolC and rbcS-rolC genes revealed light-green colouration of leaves when compared to untransformed aspen. Owing to this special feature, constructs were used in which expression of the rolC gene was inhibited by insertion of a transposable element, Ac, from maize. Transgenic aspen transformed with the 35S-Ac-rolC and rbcS-Ac-rolC genes were morphologically similar to untransformed aspen, but out of 54 independently regenerated 35S-Ac-rolC transgenic aspen clones, 30 clones showed light-green/dark green variegated leaves. In contrast, out of 19 independently transformed rbcS-Ac-rolC aspen clones, only two clones revealed light-green/dark green variegated leaves. The role of bacterial strains in transformation, and molecular genetics of transgenic aspen plants (including the function of the transposable element, Ac, in the aspen genome) are discussed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018421620040
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgene Bäume - Perspektiven und Grenzen (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 28 (1998), S. 201-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Die Aufgabe jeder Pflanzenzüchtung besteht darin, Pflanzen weiter zu entwickeln, die den ständig wachsenden Bedürfnissen der Gesellschaft entsprechen. Im Gegensatz zur Landwirtschaft ist in der Forstpflanzenzüchtung wegen der langen Nutzungs- und Reproduktionszeiträume von Bäumen eine nennenswerte Selektion hinsichtlich forstwirtschaftlich bedeutender Merkmale nur in sehr begrenztem Umfang möglich. Dennoch erscheint auch bei langlebigen Bäumen eine Anwendung gentechnischer Methoden sinnvoll, wobei die Erarbeitung des Gentransfers nicht nur aus züchterischen Gründen nötig, sondern auch für die biologische Grundlagenforschung bedeutsam ist.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.960280404
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  • 10
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    Genetic mapping of linkage group XIX and identification of sex-linked SSR markers in a Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides cross (2011)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-01
    Description: A progeny of 130 F1 individuals of an interspecific cross between Populus tremula L. and Populus tremuloides Michx. was used for genetic mapping of linkage group XIX with SSR markers based on the Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray genome sequence. Several fully sex-linked SSR markers were identified and mapped to a central position on the male P. tremuloides map of linkage group XIX. For the SSR markers tested here, the position on the assembled P. trichocarpa genome sequence is known, allowing sex-linked markers to be assigned to the central region of scaffold/chromosome 19 of P. trichocarpa. The sex linkage of the SSR markers was validated in other P. tremula × P. tremuloides crosses and also tested in Populus alba L. and Populus nigra L.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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