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  • 1
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    Damage, autotomy and arm regeneration in starfish caught by towed demersal fishing gears (2001)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology, 138, pp. 527-536
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Arm damage and loss were examined in starfish Asterias rubens that had been caught in a variety of towed commercial fishing gears deployed on different sea bed types. Between 7 and 38% of starfish in each catch lost one or more arms and arm loss was positively correlated with the volume of the catch for two of the fishing gears examined. Subsequent monitoring of damaged animals showed that arms were autotomised for at least 3 weeks following capture. Mortality was highest in starfish with damaged or missing arms, compared with those that appeared intact after fishing. Arm regeneration was delayed in a small proportion of the animals caught by commercial gears. In a parallel study, 17% of starfish caught by a 4 m beam trawl had a damaged ambulacral ossicle at the point of autotomy (cf none from a control group that were allowed to autotomise slowly). There was no difference in regeneration rates between the animals caught by commercial gears and a control set (caught by a small trawl and forced to autotomise an arm in the laboratory) once the animals that delayed regeneration were excluded from the dataset. After 1 year under laboratory conditions the starfish had, on average, regenerated the missing arm to 75% of the length of the other four arms. During this time period the lengths of the undamaged arms increased by c. 50%. The implications of this study for using arm loss in starfish as an indicator of fishing disturbance are discussed.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histopathological report of some epidermal anomalies of Dover sole, Solea solea L., and other flatfish species in coastal waters off south-east England (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 23 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The gross pathological and histological changes of typical examples of epidermal anomalies of Dover sole, Solea solea L., and other flatfish from the sewage dumping areas of the Thames Estuary and two ‘control’ areas are described. Five per cent of flatfish showed anomalies including trawl damage abrasions, fin-rot, ulcers, nodules and tumours, lymphocystis and skeletal anomalies. Many of the anomalies suggested a traumatic aetiology and were often chronic. There was no significant difference in disease incidence between the areas sampled, except more evidence of lymphocystis in one of the control areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1983.tb02936.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A potential role for invasive sunbleak in the further dissemination of a non-native parasite (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc.
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Since its first introduction to English waters in the mid 1980s, sunbleak Leucaspius delineatus has spread widely and it is shown in the present study that this non-native cyprinid is a new host for Neoergasilus japonicus. This copepod parasite from South East Asia has a limited host range and distribution in the U.K. Rapid dispersal of sunbleak in the U.K. raises concerns for further dispersal of this introduced parasite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2005.00859.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain myxoboliasis of bullhead, Cottus gobio L., due to Myxobolus jiroveci sp. nov.: light and electron microscope observations (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new myxosporean, Myxobolus jiroveci sp. nov. has been found to infect the brain of bullhead, Cottus gobio L., in several localities in Czechoslovakia and England. Trophozoites, up to about 200 μm in size, were encountered in various regions of the brain where they occupied the space within the distended myelin sheath of the axons. Trophozoites provoke local compression and atrophy of the neighbouring nervous tissue. Host reaction — mostly glial cell proliferation, less often perivascular lymphocytic infiltration — can be associated with heavy infections. The sporoplasmosomes, spherical, double membrane-bound dense bodies in the sporoplasm of mature spores, are described and compared with similar bodies of other myxosporeans and with the haplosporosomes found in representatives of the phylum Haplosporea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1989.tb01235.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Descriptions, development and pathogenicity of myxozoan (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) parasites of juvenile cyprinids (Pisces: Cyprinidae) (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Approximately 5000 young of the year (0+) cyprinids comprising roach, chub, dace, minnow, bleak, bream, barbel and gudgeon were examined histologically for the presence of myxozoan infections. Thirteen myxozoans were identified to species, the majority being Myxobolus spp. In addition, two species of Myxidium and of Sphaerospora were recorded. All organs were examined, with the majority of infections being found in the gills, musculature and kidney. However, isolated spores were occasionally found in other tissues. Whilst roach contained the highest number of myxozoan species, it was chub that showed the greatest host response to sporogonic forms. Data are provided on spore morphology, pathogenic responses and tissue and host specificity of the myxozoans recorded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00656.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathological effects of repeated doses of malachite green: a preliminary study (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This study reports the histopathogical observations made upon the livers and gills of rainbow trout exposed to a continuing series of exposures to l·6ppm 40 min baths of malachite green at weekly intervals. After the third week of exposure, sinusoidal congestion and focal necroses were evident on the livers. At the ultrastructural level, consistent mito-chondrial damage was evident with swelling and disruption of the cristac, together with dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Nuclear alterations increased in severity in the later periods of exposure. However, these hepatic changes were not severe enough to be reflected in scrum protein changes. In the gills of treated fish, separation of the epithelial lining from both lamellar and interlamellar regions was noted and lamellar cell necrosis and leucocyte infiltration became more frequent with increased exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00607.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in cultured and wild fish: further investigations (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In an investigation of the occurrence of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in freshwater fish other than rainbow trout, 18 species of wild fish and seven species of fish raised in cultivation wore sampled from waters where the disease occurred annually in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Richardson). Results revealed that certain wild stocks of brown trout. Salmo trutta L., grayling, Thymallus thymallus L., and pike, Esox lucius L., were infected with PKD, as were cultivated Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr, brown trout and char, Salvelinus alpinus (L.). Microscopical examination revealed the presence of the PKX cell in these species and also intraluminal protozoa possibly related to the PKX cell, which were not found in the rainbow trout. Other species of freshwater fish had myxosporidan infections but, unlike PKD infection, there was little host/parasite tissue response. The PKX cell as a myxosporidan stage is discussed and the presence of the disease in wild fish is reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1991.tb00614.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathology of parasitic infections in greater pipefish, Syngnathus acus L., from an estuary in the UK (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00533.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of Dermocystidium sp. infections in bullheads, Cottus gobio L., from a river in southern England (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Journal of fish diseases 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Bullheads, Cottus gobio, with macroscopic external cysts on the skin and fins measuring up to 3 mm in diameter were detected in the River Allen and its tributaries in southern England between 1992 and 1998. The prevalence of these cysts was up to 50% at some sites. Examination of cyst contents revealed the presence of numerous spores, typical of the genus Dermocystidium, measuring 8 μm in diameter. The parasite developed within well-defined cysts, which were located in the hypodermal connective tissues of the host. No cysts were present on the fins of any of the fish examined. Histological examination revealed a cyst wall consisting of an inner layer of dense eosinophilic material similar to that reported for Dermocystidium spp. forming coenocytic hyphae. No evidence was found of systemic infection or hyphal formation. Spores contained a prominent refractile body, which gave a weakly positive reaction for polysaccharides with the periodic-acid Schiff reaction and was positively stained with acidic dyes. Several examples of ruptured cysts were seen in histological sections and in some of these cases the host epithelial layer was breached, allowing release of the spores to the environment. Morphological features of, and host response towards, the Dermocystidium sp. in bullheads are compared with similar infections in salmonids and other freshwater fish species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00535.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of proliferative kidney disease in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), following short-term exposure to Tetracapsula bryosalmonae infected bryozoans (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The initial site of infection in the fish host for Tetracapsula bryosalmonae, causative agent of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is poorly understood. Following the recent recognition that freshwater bryozoans harbour the infective stages to salmonid fish, experimental transmission studies were undertaken to investigate (1) the route of entry of the parasite into the fish host and (2) the minimum exposure time required to induce clinical signs of PKD. In-situ hybridization (ISH) studies were carried out on naïve rainbow trout exposed to the naturally infected bryozoan Fredericella sultana for up to 90 min. The sporoplasm of T. bryosalmonae was detected entering the fish via mucous cells in the skin epithelium within the first minute of exposure. In addition, T. bryosalmonae cells were infrequently detected in the skeletal musculature of exposed experimental fish up to 72 h post-exposure. The route of migration through the fish to the kidney and spleen was not determined. All fish exposed to infected, disrupted bryozoans for 10, 30 and 90 min and maintained for up to 8 weeks developed clinical PKD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00353.x
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