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  • 1
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    Low Upper Limit to Methane Abundance on Mars (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-18
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A late Miocene dust shower from the break-up of an asteroid in the main belt (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 439 (2006), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Throughout the history of the Solar System, Earth has been bombarded by interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), which are asteroid and comet fragments of diameter ∼1–1,000 µm. The IDP flux is believed to be in quasi-steady state: particles created by episodic main belt collisions or ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04391
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dating topography of the Sierra Nevada, California, using apatite (U–Th)/He ages (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 396 (1998), S. 66-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The upward motion of rock masses relative to the Earth's surface has been documented for most of the main mountain belts using thermochronological and petrological techniques. More fundamental to the physical processes of mountain building, however, is the motion of the Earth's surface itself, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/23926
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen isotope evidence against bulk recycled sediment in the mantle sources of Pitcairn Island lavas (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 377 (1995), S. 138-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Pitcairn Island basalts were collected on the 1987 Helios expedition of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Our samples are all basalts with MgO 〉 4 wt%. Although they were mostly collected as cobbles, they can be confidently associated with the Tedside formation of shield-building Pitcairn ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/377138a0
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  • 5
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    Rapid recovery of life at ground zero of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction (2018)
    In:  EPIC3Nature, 558, pp. 288-291
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-14
    Description: The Cretaceous/Palaeogene mass extinction eradicated 76% of species on Earth. It was caused by the impact of an asteroid on the Yucatán carbonate platform in the southern Gulf of Mexico 66 million years ago, forming the Chicxulub impact crater. After the mass extinction, the recovery of the global marine ecosystem—measured as primary productivity—was geographically heterogeneous; export production in the Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic–western Tethys was slower than in most other regions, taking 300 thousand years (kyr) to return to levels similar to those of the Late Cretaceous period. Delayed recovery of marine productivity closer to the crater implies an impact-related environmental control, such as toxic metal poisoning, on recovery times. If no such geographic pattern exists, the best explanation for the observed heterogeneity is a combination of ecological factors—trophic interactions, species incumbency and competitive exclusion by opportunists—and ‘chance’. The question of whether the post-impact recovery of marine productivity was delayed closer to the crater has a bearing on the predictability of future patterns of recovery in anthropogenically perturbed ecosystems. If there is a relationship between the distance from the impact and the recovery of marine productivity, we would expect recovery rates to be slowest in the crater itself. Here we present a record of foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton, trace fossils and elemental abundance data from within the Chicxulub crater, dated to approximately the first 200 kyr of the Palaeocene. We show that life reappeared in the basin just years after the impact and a high-productivity ecosystem was established within 30 kyr, which indicates that proximity to the impact did not delay recovery and that there was therefore no impact-related environmental control on recovery. Ecological processes probably controlled the recovery of productivity after the Cretaceous/Palaeogene mass extinction and are therefore likely to be important for the response of the ocean ecosystem to other rapid extinction events.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Recycled metasomatized lithosphere as the origin of the Enriched Mantle II (EM2) end-member : evidence from the Samoan Volcanic Chain (2006)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 5 (2005): Q04008, doi:10.1029/2003GC000623.
    Description: An in-depth Sr-Nd-Pb-He-Os isotope and trace element study of the EMII-defining Samoan hot spot lavas leads to a new working hypothesis for the origin of this high 87Sr/86Sr mantle end-member. Systematics of the Samoan fingerprint include (1) increasing 206Pb/204Pb with time - from 18.6 at the older, western volcanoes to 19.4 at the present-day hot spot center, Vailulu'u Seamount, (2) en-echelon arrays in 206Pb/204Pb – 208Pb/204Pb space which correspond to the two topographic lineaments of the 375 km long volcanic chain – this is much like the Kea and Loa Trends in Hawai'i, (3) the highest 87Sr/86Sr (0.7089) of all oceanic basalts, (4) an asymptotic decrease in 3He/4He from 24 RA [Farley et al., 1992] to the MORB value of 8 RA with increasing 87Sr/86Sr, and (5) mixing among four components which are best described as the “enriched mantle”, the depleted FOZO mantle, the (even more depleted) MORB Mantle, and a mild HIMU (high 238U/204Pb) mantle component. A theoretical, “pure” EMII lava composition has been calculated and indicates an extremely smooth trace element pattern of this end-member mantle reservoir. The standard recycling model (of ocean crust/sediment) fails as an explanation for producing Samoan EM2, due to these smooth spidergrams for EM2 lavas, low 187Os/188Os ratios and high 3He/4He (〉8 RA). Instead, the origin of EM2 has been modeled with the ancient formation of metasomatised oceanic lithosphere, followed by storage in the deep mantle and return to the surface in the Samoan plume.
    Description: We acknowledge NSF support, through grant OCE-9819038 (SRH and HS), and EAR-0125917 (SRH).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 2075846 bytes
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  • 7
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    An extraterrestrial trigger for the mid-ordovician ice age: Dust from the breakup of the L-chondrite parent body (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science:
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Schmitz, B., Farley, K. A., Goderis, S., Heck, P. R., Bergström, S. M., Boschi, S., Claeys, P., Debaille, V., Dronov, A., van Ginneken, M., Harper, D. A. T., Iqbal, F., Friberg, J., Liao, S., Martin, E., Meier, M. M. M., Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B., Soens, B., Wieler, R., & Terfelt, F. An extraterrestrial trigger for the mid-ordovician ice age: Dust from the breakup of the L-chondrite parent body. Science Advances, 5(9), (2019): eaax4184, doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax4184.
    Description: The breakup of the L-chondrite parent body in the asteroid belt 466 million years (Ma) ago still delivers almost a third of all meteorites falling on Earth. Our new extraterrestrial chromite and 3He data for Ordovician sediments show that the breakup took place just at the onset of a major, eustatic sea level fall previously attributed to an Ordovician ice age. Shortly after the breakup, the flux to Earth of the most fine-grained, extraterrestrial material increased by three to four orders of magnitude. In the present stratosphere, extraterrestrial dust represents 1% of all the dust and has no climatic significance. Extraordinary amounts of dust in the entire inner solar system during 〉2 Ma following the L-chondrite breakup cooled Earth and triggered Ordovician icehouse conditions, sea level fall, and major faunal turnovers related to the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event.
    Description: B.Sc. was supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, and an ERC-Advanced grant (ASTROGEOBIOSPHERE 213000). P.R.H. was supported by the Tawani Foundation. M.M.M.M. was supported by an Ambizione grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation. A.D. was supported by the Regional Governmental Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N19-05-00748). D.A.T.H. was supported by a fellowship from the Leverhulme Trust. S.G., P.C., M.v.G., and B.So. were supported by the Belgian Science Policy (Belspo), the FWO, and the VUB strategic program. V.D. was supported by the FRS-FNRS, Belspo, and the ERC-Starting Grant (ISoSyC 336718).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
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    He isotopes in Late Cretaceous sediments
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Farley, Kenneth A; Montanari, Alessandro; Coccioni, Rodolfo (2012): A record of the extraterrestrial 3He flux through the Late Cretaceous. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 84, 314-328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.01.015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Late Cretaceous (100-73 Ma) pelagic limestones were measured for helium concentration and isotopic composition to characterize the interplanetary dust flux using 3He as a tracer. In the Bottaccione section near Gubbio, Italy, three intervals of elevated 3He concentration were detected: K1 in the Campanian stage at ~79 Ma, K2 in the Santonian stage at ~ 85 Ma, and K3 in the Turonian stage at ~91 Ma. All three of these episodes are associated with high 3He/4He and 3He/non-carbonate ratios, consistent with their derivation from an enhanced extraterrestrial 3He flux rather than decreased carbonate sedimentation or dissolution. While K2 is modest in magnitude and duration and thus is of limited significance, K1 and K3 are each identified by a few myr interval with an ~4-fold enhancement in mean 3He flux compared with pre-event levels. Samples from ODP Hole 762C in the Indian Ocean spanning both K2 and K3 (93-83 Ma) confirm the presence of a peak in the Turonian stage, suggesting that K3 is a global event. The K1 and K3 3He events are similar in most respects to the two peaks previously detected in the Cenozoic, suggesting a similar origin. These have been attributed to a major asteroid collision in the Late Miocene and to a shower of either comets or asteroids in the Late Eocene. Based on the age and temporal evolution of K1, we suggest that it most likely records the collision which produced the Baptistina asteroid family independently dated at ~80 Ma. The K3 event is less easily explained. It is characterized by an unusually spiky and erratic temporal progression, suggesting an unusual abundance of very 3He rich particles not previously seen in the sedimentary 3He record. We suggest this episode arises either from a comet shower or from an asteroid shower possibly associated with dust-producing lunar impacts.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Supplementary material: XRF core scanning data, CaCO3 values, foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotope data, Mg/Ca data, clay mineralogy and helium isotope results (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bornemann, André; Norris, Richard D; Lyman, Johnnie A; D'haenens, Simon; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Röhl, Ursula; Farley, Kenneth A; Speijer, Robert P (2014): Persistent environmental change after the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in the eastern North Atlantic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 394, 70-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.03.017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; ~56 Ma) is associated with abrupt climate change, carbon cycle perturbation, ocean acidification, as well as biogeographic shifts in marine and terrestrial biota that were largely reversed as the climatic transient waned. We report a clear exception to the behavior of the PETM as a reversing climatic transient in the eastern North Atlantic (Deep-Sea Drilling Project Site 401, Bay of Biscay) where the PETM initiates a greatly prolonged environmental change compared to other places on Earth where records exist. The observed environmental perturbation extended well past the d13C recovery phase and up to 650 kyr after the PETM onset according to our extraterrestrial 3He-based age-model. We observe a strong decoupling of planktic foraminiferal d18O and Mg/Ca values during the PETM d13C recovery phase, which in combination with results from helium isotopes and clay mineralogy, suggests that the PETM triggered a hydrologic change in western Europe that increased freshwater flux and the delivery of weathering products to the eastern North Atlantic. This state change persisted long after the carbon-cycle perturbation had stopped. We hypothesize that either long-lived continental drainage patterns were altered by enhanced hydrological cycling induced by the PETM, or alternatively that the climate system in the hinterland area of Site 401 was forced into a new climate state that was not easily reversed in the aftermath of the PETM.
    Keywords: Deep Sea Drilling Project; DSDP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 10 datasets
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  • 10
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    (Table S1) He isotope ratios from Bottaccione Gorge
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: AGE; Bottaccione; Fraction, non-carbonate; Geological sample; GEOS; Helium-3; Helium-3, flux; Helium-3/Helium-4; Helium-4; Interval comments; Italy; SECTION, height
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3148 data points
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