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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An investigation on internal thermal flow of non-Newtonian fluid (1992)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 13 (1992), S. 425-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: internal thermal flow ; power law fluid ; Maxwell fluid ; splitting difference scheme ; unsteady flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the present paper an unsteady thermal flow of non-Newtonian fluid is investigated which is of the flow into axisymmetric mould cavity. In the second part an unsteady thermal flow of upper-convected Maxwell fluid is studied. For the flow into mould cavity the constitutive equation of power-law fluid is used as a rheological model of polymer fluid. The apparent viscosity is considered as a function of shear rate and temperature. A characteristic viscosity is introduced in order to avoid the nonlinearity due to the temperature dependence of the apparent viscosity. As the viscosity of the fluid is relatively high the flow of the thermal fluid can be considered as a flow of fully developed velocity field. However, the temperature field of the fluid flow is considered as an unsteady one. The governing equations are constitutive equation, momentum equation of steady flow and energy conservation equation of non-steady form. The present system of equations has been solved numerically by the splitting difference method. The numerical results show that the splitting difference method is suitable for the 2D problem of non-Newtonian fluid. The present application of the splitting difference method is at first developed by us for non-Newtonian case. For the unsteady flow in the tube the finite difference scheme is given which leads to a tridiagonal system of equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02450733
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A variational analytical approach to time dependent flow of oldroyd B fluid in circular tube (1995)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 16 (1995), S. 169-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: Oldroyd fluid B ; non-Newtonian fluid ; time dependent flow ; variational-analytical approach ; improved approach dut to Kantorovich
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the present investigation the time dependent flow of an Oldroyd fluid B in a horizontal cylindrical pipe is stuided by the variational analytical approach developed by author. The time dependent problem is mathematically reduced to a partial differential equation of third order. Using the improved variational approach due to Kantorovich the partial differential equation can be reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations for different approximations. The ordinary differential equations are solved by the method of the Laplace transform which is led to an analytical form of the solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02451456
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  • 3
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    Erratum: Flat and self-trapping photonic bands through coupling of two unidirectional edge modes [Phys. Rev. A 91, 033827 (2015)] (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-06
    Description: Author(s): Yun-tuan Fang, Han-Qing He, Jian-xia Hu, Lin-kun Chen, and Zhang Wen [Phys. Rev. A 91, 049903] Published Mon Apr 27, 2015
    Keywords: Errata
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    On negative Sprites and the Polarity Paradox (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract Energetic positive and negative cloud‐to‐ground (CG) flashes are both capable of producing sprites. Negative CGs typically outnumber the positive ones by 10 to 1. However, 〉99.9 % of reported sprites were found to be initiated by positive CGs—thus the polarity paradox. Here, sprites recorded by the Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning (ISUAL) mission were analyzed along with extremely low‐frequency band magnetic field data to resolve this paradox. Approximately twenty‐five percent of the sprites are found to be associated with negative CG lightning. “Negative” sprites mainly congregate in the latitudinal regions below 20°, while positive sprites scatter up to 50°. The ISUAL negative sprites are evidently beyond the observable ranges of the ground sites reported in previous studies. Hence, the sprite polarity paradox is likely a selection effect of the middle‐ to high‐altitudinal observation sites. The charge moment changes and accompanying transient luminous events of sprites were also examined and found to be polarity dependent.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    Low-Dimensional Hybrid Cuprous Halides Directed by Transition Metal Complex: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Photocatalytic Properties (2015)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Crystal Growth & Design DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01037
    Print ISSN: 1528-7483
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-7505
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 6
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    Sustainability, Vol. 8, Pages 886: How to Promote Sustainable Relationships between Heritage Conservation and Community, Based on a Survey (2016)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Community residents have a strong stake in a local heritage site and may be an important force in its conservation, management and development. Positive relationships between the heritage site and community residents can promote its protection. A questionnaire survey was conducted with local residents of Bogda World Natural Heritage, Xinjiang, China, to assess their perceptions towards the World Natural Heritage, and their attitudes towards participation in heritage conservation. The local residents have made positive contributions to the conservation of heritage resource in the past several years. However, because of the asymmetry between responsibility for conservation and benefit sharing, the authors recommend that a “Community co-management framework” should be established to mobilize residents to participate in heritage conservation. Furthermore, participatory approaches and communication mechanisms are suggested to promote sustainable relationships between community development and heritage conservation. The empirical study can be used as an input to policy making and management for sustainable conservation, and the study contributes to the literature related to community participation at heritage sites.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 7
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    Composite nonlinear structure within the magnetosonic soliton interactions in a spin-1/2 degenerate quantum plasma (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-03
    Description: We study the basic physical properties of composite nonlinear structure induced by the head-on collision of magnetosonic solitons. Solitary waves are assumed to propagate in a quantum electron-ion magnetoplasma with spin-1/2 degenerate electrons. The main interest of the present work is to investigate the time evolution of the merged composite structure during a specific time interval of the wave interaction process. We consider three cases of colliding-situation, namely, compressive-rarefactive solitons interaction, compressive-compressive solitons interaction, and rarefactive-rarefactive solitons interaction, respectively. Compared with the last two colliding cases, the changing process of the composite structure is more complex for the first situation. Moreover, it is found that they are obviously different for the last two colliding cases.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 8
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    Contribution of Diffused Er3+ Ions to Refractive Index of LiNbO3 Crystal and Relation of Li Out-Diffusion to Er3+-Diffusion Condition (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-15
    Description: Contribution of diffused Er 3+ ions to refractive index of LiNbO 3 crystal and relation of Li out-diffusion to Er 3+ -diffusion condition have been studied. Three X-cut and three Z-cut congruent LiNbO 3 plates locally coated with 10, 15, or 20 nm thick Er metal films were annealed at 1100°C or 1130°C for 60 or 100 h under different atmospheres of surrounding air, wet O 2 or wet Ar . After the anneal, the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices at Er 3+ -doped and Er -free parts of crystal surface were characterized at the 633, 1311, and 1553 nm wavelengths by measurement of critical angle. The difference of surface index values at the Er 3+ -doped and Er -free parts enables to identify the Er 3+ -doping effect on substrate index. From the known birefringence, the surface Li 2 O contents at the Er 3+ -doped and Er -free parts were evaluated. A comparison with the Li 2 O content data before the anneal treatment allows to obtain the anneal-induced Li 2 O loss and hence identify the anneal condition effect on the Li out-diffusion. The results show that the contribution of Er 3+ -doping to the ordinary index is within the measurement error of 1 × 10 −3 and that to the extraordinary index is within ± 1.7 × 10 −3 , which is just slightly out of the measurement error. The diffusion temperature is while the diffusion environment is not the key factor responsible for the Li 2 O out-diffusion.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 9
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    Algorithms, Vol. 12, Pages 82: Image Error Concealment Based on Deep Neural Network (2019)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: In this paper, we propose a novel spatial image error concealment (EC) method based on deep neural network. Considering that the natural images have local correlation and non-local self-similarity, we use the local information to predict the missing pixels and the non-local information to correct the predictions. The deep neural network we utilize can be divided into two parts: the prediction part and the auto-encoder (AE) part. The first part utilizes the local correlation among pixels to predict the missing ones. The second part extracts image features, which are used to collect similar samples from the whole image. In addition, a novel adaptive scan order based on the joint credibility of the support area and reconstruction is also proposed to alleviate the error propagation problem. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reconstruct corrupted images effectively and outperform the compared state-of-the-art methods in terms of objective and perceptual metrics.
    Electronic ISSN: 1999-4893
    Topics: Computer Science
    Published by MDPI
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  • 10
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    Contribution of Diffused Er3+ Ions to Refractive Index of LiNbO3 Crystal and Relation of Li Out-Diffusion to Er3+-Diffusion Condition (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-14
    Description: Contribution of diffused Er 3+ ions to refractive index of LiNbO 3 crystal and relation of Li out-diffusion to Er 3+ -diffusion condition have been studied. Three X-cut and three Z-cut congruent LiNbO 3 plates locally coated with 10, 15, or 20 nm thick Er metal films were annealed at 1100°C or 1130°C for 60 or 100 h under different atmospheres of surrounding air, wet O 2 or wet Ar . After the anneal, the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices at Er 3+ -doped and Er -free parts of crystal surface were characterized at the 633, 1311, and 1553 nm wavelengths by measurement of critical angle. The difference of surface index values at the Er 3+ -doped and Er -free parts enables to identify the Er 3+ -doping effect on substrate index. From the known birefringence, the surface Li 2 O contents at the Er 3+ -doped and Er -free parts were evaluated. A comparison with the Li 2 O content data before the anneal treatment allows to obtain the anneal-induced Li 2 O loss and hence identify the anneal condition effect on the Li out-diffusion. The results show that the contribution of Er 3+ -doping to the ordinary index is within the measurement error of 1 × 10 −3 and that to the extraordinary index is within ± 1.7 × 10 −3 , which is just slightly out of the measurement error. The diffusion temperature is while the diffusion environment is not the key factor responsible for the Li 2 O out-diffusion.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Wiley
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