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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-05-23
    Description: Growing evidence suggests that close appositions between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and other membranes, including appositions with the plasma membrane (PM), mediate exchange of lipids between these bilayers. The mechanisms of such exchange, which allows lipid transfer independently of vesicular transport, remain poorly understood. The presence of a synaptotagmin-like mitochondrial-lipid-binding protein (SMP) domain, a proposed lipid-binding module, in several proteins localized at membrane contact sites has raised the possibility that such domains may be implicated in lipid transport. SMP-containing proteins include components of the ERMES complex, an ER-mitochondrial tether, and the extended synaptotagmins (known as tricalbins in yeast), which are ER-PM tethers. Here we present at 2.44 A resolution the crystal structure of a fragment of human extended synaptotagmin 2 (E-SYT2), including an SMP domain and two adjacent C2 domains. The SMP domain has a beta-barrel structure like protein modules in the tubular-lipid-binding (TULIP) superfamily. It dimerizes to form an approximately 90-A-long cylinder traversed by a channel lined entirely with hydrophobic residues, with the two C2A-C2B fragments forming arched structures flexibly linked to the SMP domain. Importantly, structural analysis complemented by mass spectrometry revealed the presence of glycerophospholipids in the E-SYT2 SMP channel, indicating a direct role for E-SYTs in lipid transport. These findings provide strong evidence for a role of SMP-domain-containing proteins in the control of lipid transfer at membrane contact sites and have broad implications beyond the field of ER-to-PM appositions.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4135724/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4135724/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schauder, Curtis M -- Wu, Xudong -- Saheki, Yasunori -- Narayanaswamy, Pradeep -- Torta, Federico -- Wenk, Markus R -- De Camilli, Pietro -- Reinisch, Karin M -- DK082700/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- GM080616/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 DA018343/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK082700/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080616/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS036251/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37NS36251/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 TR000142/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Jun 26;510(7506):552-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24847877" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Glycerophospholipids/metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; *Lipid Metabolism ; *Lipids ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Synaptotagmins/*chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-07-25
    Description: Lipid transfer between cell membrane bilayers at contacts between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and other membranes help to maintain membrane lipid homeostasis. We found that two similar ER integral membrane proteins, oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related protein 5 (ORP5) and ORP8, tethered the ER to the plasma membrane (PM) via the interaction of their pleckstrin homology domains with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) in this membrane. Their OSBP-related domains (ORDs) harbored either PI4P or phosphatidylserine (PS) and exchanged these lipids between bilayers. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that ORP5 and ORP8 could mediate PI4P/PS countertransport between the ER and the PM, thus delivering PI4P to the ER-localized PI4P phosphatase Sac1 for degradation and PS from the ER to the PM. This exchange helps to control plasma membrane PI4P levels and selectively enrich PS in the PM.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4638224/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4638224/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chung, Jeeyun -- Torta, Federico -- Masai, Kaori -- Lucast, Louise -- Czapla, Heather -- Tanner, Lukas B -- Narayanaswamy, Pradeep -- Wenk, Markus R -- Nakatsu, Fubito -- De Camilli, Pietro -- DA018343/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DK082700/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK45735/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DA018343/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK045735/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK082700/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R37 NS036251/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37NS036251/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007223/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jul 24;349(6246):428-32. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1370.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, and Program for Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore. ; Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, and Program for Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Repair, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. pietro.decamilli@yale.edu nakatsu@med.niigata-u.ac.jp.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26206935" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Biological Transport ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylserines/*metabolism ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Steroid/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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