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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-01-19
    Description: Plasmodium falciparum has exerted tremendous selective pressure on genes that improve survival in severe malarial infections. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is six to eight times more prevalent in women of African descent than in women of European descent. Here we provide evidence that a genetic susceptibility to SLE protects against cerebral malaria. Mice that are prone to SLE because of a deficiency in FcγRIIB or overexpression of Toll-like receptor 7 are protected from death caused by cerebral malaria. Protection appears to be by immune mechanisms that allow SLE-prone mice better to control their overall inflammatory responses to parasite infections. These findings suggest that the high prevalence of SLE in women of African descent living outside of Africa may result from the inheritance of genes that are beneficial in the immune control of cerebral malaria but that, in the absence of malaria, contribute to autoimmune disease.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1998-06-20
    Description: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent and important health problem. Although treatment is available, the long-term maintenance of medically significant weight loss (5 to 10 percent of initial body weight) is rare. Since 1995 there has been an explosion of research focused on the regulation of energy balance and fat mass. Characterization of obesity-associated gene products has revealed new biochemical pathways and molecular targets for pharmacological intervention that will likely lead to new treatments. Ideally, these treatments will be viewed as adjuncts to behavioral and lifestyle changes aimed at maintenance of weight loss and improved health.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Campfield, L A -- Smith, F J -- Burn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 May 29;280(5368):1383-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Metabolic Diseases, Hoffmann-La Roche Incorporated, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA. l_arthur.campfield@roche.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603722" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; *Anti-Obesity Agents/classification/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; *Appetite Depressants/pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Energy Intake/drug effects ; Energy Metabolism/drug effects ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Leptin ; Neuropeptides/physiology ; Obesity/*drug therapy/metabolism ; Proteins/metabolism/pharmacology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1995-07-28
    Description: The recent positional cloning of the mouse ob gene and its human homology has provided the basis to investigate the potential role of the ob gene product in body weight regulation. A biologically active form of recombinant mouse OB protein was overexpressed and purified to near homogeneity from a bacterial expression system. Peripheral and central administration of microgram doses of OB protein reduced food intake and body weight of ob/ob and diet-induced obese mice but not in db/db obese mice. The behavioral effects after brain administration suggest that OB protein can act directly on neuronal networks that control feeding and energy balance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Campfield, L A -- Smith, F J -- Guisez, Y -- Devos, R -- Burn, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 28;269(5223):546-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Metabolic Diseases, Hoffmann-La Roche Incorporated, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7624778" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/drug effects/*physiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/genetics/physiopathology ; Diet ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Eating/*drug effects ; Female ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Injections, Intravenous ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Leptin ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred AKR ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Obese ; Nerve Net/drug effects/*physiology ; Obesity/genetics/*physiopathology ; Proteins/administration & dosage/*pharmacology/physiology ; Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage/pharmacology ; Weight Loss/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 58 (1898), S. 51-51 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I WISH to put on record the following method of using electric lighting wires as telephonic circuits. I was requested some time ago to try to localise a fault in an electric light main, by means of a certain form of inductor used in conjunction with a telephone but not connected to the main. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 57 (1897), S. 30-30 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] AT a time when much interest is taken in the oscillatory electric discharge and its effects, it may not be out of place to mention that a link in the evolution of the Tesla coil is to be found in a paper by Dove (Royal Academy of Sciences, Berlin, October, 1844; Electrical Magazine, vol. ii. p. ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 58 (1898), S. 78-78 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN a paper on the action exerted by certain metals and other substances on a photographic plate, by Dr. W. J. Russell (Proc. R.S., vol. lxi. p. 424), the author mentions that the Westminster Gazette is printed with an ink which readily acts on a photographic plate. The printed paper in some ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 42 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. To study two factors which are predicted as causing changes to community structure in cut-off meanders (colloquially known in Australia as billabongs, a term of aboriginal origin), 16 experimental billabongs were constructed. These were designed to test two hypotheses: (a) that the structure of macrophyte and invertebrate communities within billabongs is altered by changing the pattern of flooding; and (b) that the presence of small planktivorous fish alters invertebrate community structure and diversity within billabongs.2. An increase in the duration of flooding seems to favour animals better adapted to a greater availability of macrophyte habitat. Changing the seasonality of flooding resulted in prolonging of the time water was available over the summer months.3. The presence of a planktivorous fish appears to affect macroinvertebrate communities through competition with other planktivores. Variable top-down pressure may create differing successional patterns and ultimately different communities at lower trophic levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 77 (1973), S. 2351-2357 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc.
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The fish assemblages of an arid zone floodplain river, Cooper Creek, Queensland, Australia, were sampled during two dry periods in isolated waterholes and on the inundated floodplain during the early and late phase of a major flood event. Diets were described for nine native species and compared within and between dry and flood periods. In the dry season, when fishes were restricted to waterholes, diets were characteristically simple with narrow diet breadths. Movement onto the floodplain during flooding clearly increased feeding opportunities, with greater diet breadths evident in all species. Despite obvious potential for terrestrial inputs, diets tended to be dominated by aquatic resources in both the waterholes and on the floodplain. Stomach fullness, however, varied little between dry season waterhole and floodplain samples. Fishes appeared to feed on potentially lower value resources such as detritus and calanoid copepods during the dry season, when waterholes were isolated and food resources were limited. They were then able to capitalize on the ‘boom’ of aquatic production and more diverse food resources associated with episodic flood events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 60 (1899), S. 173-173 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT is a common practice amongst instrument makers to put the magnetic compass needle of the pocket compass, or the marching compass used in the army, into an external case of nickel; the case is usually furnished with a lid, after the manner of a hunting watch, and is largely used by ...
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