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  • 1
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    Cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors and coronary hemodynamics in the conscious dog during hypoxic hypoxia. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The mechanisms by which acute hypoxia (10% and 5% oxygen) mediates changes in coronary blood flow and cardiac function were investigated in the conscious dog. When the dogs breathed hypoxic gas mixtures through a tracheostomy, both arterial and coronary sinus oxygen tensions were significantly decreased. With 5% oxygen, there were significant increases in heart rate (25%), maximum left ventricular dP/dt (39%), left circumflex coronary artery blood flow (163%), and left ventricular oxygen consumption (52%), which were attenuated by beta-adrenergic blockage with propranolol. When electrical pacing was used to keep the ventricular rate constant during hypoxia, there was no significant difference in coronary blood flow before and after beta blockade. Beta-adrenergic receptor activity in the myocardium participates in the integrated response to hypoxia although it may not cause active vasodilation of the coronary vessels.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 43; Apr. 197
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  • 2
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    The rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and crab-eating (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys in cardiovascular and aerospace research (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Two nonhuman primate species were used to investigate the effects of gravitoinertial forces on pilot incapacitation and performance impairment, to define human physiologic tolerance and safe exposure limits to these environments, and to obtain data which can be used to evolve new methods to improve man's G tolerance to match the structural capability of new generation aircraft. The macaca fascicularis was used to study the effects of environmental stress and atheroscelerosis on cerebral blood flow and function agents on myocardial and cardiovascular function were studied in the macaca mulatta.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center. The Use of Nonhumans in Space; p 379-387
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  • 3
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    Myocardial metabolism during exposure to carbon monoxide in the conscious dog. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Investigation of the relationship between coronary flow, heart rate, left ventricular function, and myocardial oxygen consumption at increasing levels of carboxyhemoglobin in conscious dogs. The results demonstrate a linear increase in coronary flow and heart rate as the carboxyhemoglobin increases up to 20%. Myocardial oxygen consumption declined during the same period.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: Journal of Applied Physiology; 34; Feb. 197
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  • 4
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    Changes in mesenteric, renal, and aortic flows with +Gx acceleration (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Previous studies in man and dogs have indicated that the splanchnic bed might contribute to the maintenance of arterial pressure during +Gx acceleration. Eight mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented with Doppler flow probes around the superior mesenteric (SMA) and renal arteries (RA) as well as the terminal aorta (TA). A solid-state pressure transducer was placed in the aorta distal to the flow probe. Using alpha-chloralose anesthesia following a 2-4 week recovery period, the animals were subjected to 120 sec at levels of 5, 10 and 15 +Gx acceleration on a 7.6-m radius centrifuge. The results indicate that both an active component and a mechanical component contribute to the maintenance of arterial pressure during +Gx acceleration.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 45; May 1974
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  • 5
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    Cardiovascular function during sustained +G/z/ stress (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development of aerospace systems capable of very high levels of positive vertical accelerators stress has created a need for a better understanding of the cardiovascular responses to acceleration. Using a canine model, the heart and cardiovascular system were instrumented to continuously measure coronary blood flow, cardiac output, left ventricular and aortic root pressure, and oxygen saturation in the aorta, coronary sinus, and right ventricle. The animals were exposed to acceleration profiles up to +6 G, 120 s at peak G; a seatback angle of 45 deg was simulated in some experiments. Radiopaque contrast medium was injected to visualize the left ventricular chamber, coronary vasculature, aorta, and branches of the aorta. The results suggest mechanisms responsible for arrhythmias which may occur, and subendocardial hemorrhage which has been reported in other animals.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
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  • 6
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    Effect of furosemide on pulmonary blood flow distribution in resting and exercising horses (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We determined the spatial distribution of pulmonary blood flow (PBF) with 15-micron fluorescent-labeled microspheres during rest and exercise in five Thoroughbred horses before and 4 h after furosemide administration (0.5 mg/kg iv). The primary finding of this study was that PBF redistribution occurred from rest to exercise, both with and without furosemide. However, there was less blood flow to the dorsal portion of the lung during exercise postfurosemide compared with prefurosemide. Furosemide did alter the resting perfusion distribution by increasing the flow to the ventral regions of the lung; however, that increase in flow was abated with exercise. Other findings included 1) unchanged gas exchange and cardiac output during rest and exercise after vs. before furosemide, 2) a decrease in pulmonary arterial pressure after furosemide, 3) an increase in the slope of the relationship of PBF vs. vertical height up the lung during exercise, both with and without furosemide, and 4) a decrease in blood flow to the dorsal region of the lung at rest after furosemide. Pulmonary perfusion variability within the lung may be a function of the anatomy of the pulmonary vessels that results in a predominantly fixed spatial pattern of flow distribution.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) (ISSN 8750-7587); 86; 6; 2034-43
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  • 7
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    Autonomic control of cardiac function and myocardial oxygen consumption during hypoxic hypoxia. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Investigation in 19 conscious dogs of the importance of the sympathetic nervous system in the coronary and cardiac response to altitude (hypoxic) hypoxia. Beta-adrenergic blockade was used to minimize the cardiac effect associated with sympathetic receptors. It is shown that the autonomic nervous system, and particularly the sympathetic nervous system, is responsible for the increase in ventricular function and myocardial oxygen consumption that occurs during hypoxia. Minimizing this response through appropriate conditioning and training may improve the operating efficiency of the heart and reduce the hazard of hypoxia and other environmental stresses, such as acceleration, which are encountered in advanced aircraft systems.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: Aerospace Medical Association, Annual Scientific Meeting; May 08, 1972 - May 11, 1972; Bal Harbour, FL
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  • 8
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    Coronary flow and left ventricular function during environmental stress. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A canine model was used to study the effects of different environmental stresses on the heart and coronary circulation. The heart was surgically instrumented to measure coronary blood flow, left ventricular pressure, and other cardiovascular variables. Coronary flow was recorded by telemetry. Physiologic data were processed and analyzed by analog and digital computers. By these methods the physiologic response to altitude hypoxia, carbon monoxide, hypercapnia, acceleration, exercise, and the interaction of altitude hypoxia and carbon monoxide were described. The effects of some of these stresses on the heart and coronary circulation are discussed.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: International Telemetering Conference; Oct 10, 1972 - Oct 12, 1972; Los Angeles, CA
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active Learning in Cardiovascular Physiology (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 701 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb19784.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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