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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 108 (1989), S. 117-123 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present paper reports an improvement to the classical method of the paraffin bait, by the usage of 1 M NH4Cl or 2 M NaCl to eliminate contaminant microflora of soil. The purpose is to introduce a change in the paraffin bait method in order to reduce time required to isolate pathogenic strains of Nocardia from their natural sources. For this study three main criteria were used: a) Determination of the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of salts on soil microflora; b) The tolerance of Nocardia brasiliensis, Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia caviae (Nocardia otitidis caviarum) strains to these chemical inhibitors; c) Determination of the efficiency of salts in the isolation of Nocardia from soil when strains are grown on paraffin baits.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Antimicrobial susceptibility ; NCCLS methods ; Nocardia ; Patterns of susceptibility ; Tucumán ; (Argentina)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates ofNocardia was studied by determination of the Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) and Disk Diffusion Technique, according to the National Committee for the clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). The object was: (a) to determine the ‘in vitro’ susceptibility of the strains that cause human mycetomas; (b) to determine the presence of different patterns of sensitivity among the regional strains; (c) to evaluate the Disk Diffusion Technique using disks commercially available with the antimicrobial concentrations normally used in the microbiological practice. Comparing the MIC values obtained with the values suggested by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards forNocardia spp. (broth microdilution MIC breakpoints), we found that local strains are susceptible to amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and TMP-SMZ; moderately susceptible to ampicillin and resistant to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. The results obtained by both methods showed the presence of different patterns of sensitivity among the regional strains ofN. brasiliensis. This showed strains sensitive and resistant to antibiotics. The Disk Diffusion Technique, even if it is not the adequate method to study the sensitivity patterns of different strains against antimicrobial agents, permits the differentiation between strains sensitive and resistant to antibiotics.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Epidemiology ; Histoplasmosis capsulati ; Northwestern Argentina ; Paracoccidioidomycosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present work was undertaken to obtain epidemiological data on the extent and distribution ofHistoplasma capsulatum var.capsulatum andParacoccidiodes brasiliensis infections south of the Chuscha, Gonzalo and Potrero areas of Argentina. Skin tests surveys of the human population with histoplasmin and paracoccidioidin were carried out in the permanent population of those localities. The infection index of the population showed that the area south of Chuscha has a high-prevalence of histoplasmosis capsulati. The Gonzalo and Potrero areas, according to their rates of infection also can be considered to have a relatively high prevalence of this disease. The frequency of individuals infected withP. brasiliensis suggests that the level of exposure to this fungus is considerable, especially in Gonzalo where the frequency of infection was 9.23%. The endemic areas of both diseases can be superimposed, as occurs in the northeastern part of Argentina.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: antimicrobial susceptibility ; NCCLS method ; Nocardia brasiliensis ; patterns of susceptibilit ; soil strains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The activity of antimicrobial agents against soil isolates of N. brasiliensis was studied by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and disk diffusion technique, according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). The objectives were: (a) to study the patterns of sensitivity among regional strains of N. brasiliensis isolated from natural sources (soil) of different zones of Tucumán province; (b) to correlate these results with those previously obtained with regional strains of N. brasiliensis isolated from human mycetomas, as a contribution in the evaluation of the importance of the natural reservoir area of the potentially pathogen strains. The results obtained by both methods identified strains of N. brasiliensis from soils with similar patterns of susceptibility to the strains N. brasiliensis isolated from human mycetomas. This showed strains sensitive and resistant to antibiotics. The majority of the isolates of N. brasiliensis from soils showed higher susceptibilities to antibiotics than the strains isolated from human mycetomas. Among the antibiotics studied, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and gentamicin were the most effective against all the regional strains tested, and these results are correlated with those obtained with regional strains that cause human mycetomas.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Acid ; alkali ; decontamination ; differentiation ; Nocardia ; pathogenic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The tolerance of Nocardia brasiliensis, Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia caviae to different concentrations of acids and alkalis was studied in this work. The purpose was to determine their use: (a) in the differentiation of species; (b) for decontamination of clinical materials during the isolation of pathogenic Nocardia. The results showed (1) that both 2 M NH3 and 0.05 M H2SO4 solutions are useful for differentiating species. They can also be used as a complementary method for identification. (2) That both 1 M NH3 and 0.05 M H2SO4 solutions were useful for decontamination of clinical materials during the isolation of pathogenic Nocardia.
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