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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate : COST Action ES1206 Final Action Dissemination Report (2020)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Atmospheric science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Chapter 1. Scientific Background (J. Jones) -- Chapter 2. General Background (J. Jones, G. Guerova, J. Douša, G. Dick, S. de Haan, E. Pottiaux, O. Bock, R. Pacione and H. Vedel) -- Chapter 3. Advanced GNSS Processing Techniques (Working Group 1) (Y. Altiner, F. Alshawaf, J. Bosy, H. Brenot, E. Brockmann, R. Brožková, Z. Deng, G. Dick, W. Ding, J. Douša, K. Eben, M. Eliaš, R. Fernandes, Ganas, Geiger, G. Guerova, T. Hadaś, Hill, P. Hordyniec, F. Hurter, J. Jones, M. Kačmařík, K. Kaźmierski, J. Kaplon, P. Krč, Landskron, X. Li, Lu, J.P. Martins, G. Möller, L. Morel, G. Ófeigsson, R. Pacione, Pikridas, Pottiaux, J. Resler, W. Rohm, Sá, J. Sammer, T. Simeonov, W. Söhne, Stoycheva, Stürze, R. Szabolcs, N. Teferle, S. Thorsteinsson, P. Václavovic, H. Valentim, van Schaeybroeck, P. Viterbo, K. Wilgan, L. Yang, L. Zhao, N. Zinas and Zus) -- Chapter 4. Use of GNSS Tropospheric Products for High-Resolution, Rapid-Update NWP and Severe Weather Forecasting (Working Group 2) (J. S. Arriola, M. Bender, J. Berckmans, H. Brenot, C. Bruyninx, L. De Cruz, S. de Haan, G. Dick, N. Dymarska, K. Eben, G. Guerova, J. Jones, P. Krč, M. Lindskog, M. Mile, G. Möller, N. Penov, E. Pottiaux, J. Resler, W. Rohm, M. Slavchev, K. Stoev, Stoycheva, E. Trzcina and F. Zus) -- Chapter 5. Use of GNSS Tropospheric Products for Climate Monitoring (Working Group 3) (F. Ahmed, Araszkiewicz, Z. Bałdysz, K. Balidakis, Barroso, S. Bastin, S. Beirle, J. Berckmans, O. Bock, J. Böhm, J. Bogusz, M. Bos, E. Brockmann, M. Cadeddu, Chimani, J. Douša, G. Elgered, M. Eliaš, R. Fernandes, M. Figurski, E Fionda, M. Gruszczynska, G. Guerova, J. Guijarro, Hackman, R. Heinkelmann, J. Jones, S. Zengin Kazancı, Klos, Landskron, J.P. Martins, V. Mattioli, Mircheva, S. Nahmani, R T. Nilsson, T. Ning, Nykiel, R. Pacione, Parracho, E. Pottiaux, Ramos, P. Rebischung, Sá, Schuh, Stankunavicius, K. Stępniak, Valentim, R. Van Malderen, P. Viterbo, P. Willis and Xaver) -- Chapter 6. National Status Reports (Guergana Guerova) -- Chapter 7. STSM Reports (Guergana Guerova) -- Appendix.
    Abstract: The book (COST Action Final report) summarises the proceedings from COST Action ES1206. COST Action ES1206, Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Severe Weather Events and Climate (GNSS4SWEC), was a 4-year project, running from 2013 to 2017, which coordinated new and improved capabilities from concurrent developments in GNSS, meteorological and climate communities. For the first time, the synergy of multi-GNSS constellations was used to develop new, more advanced tropospheric products, exploiting the full potential of multi-GNSS on a wide range of temporal and spatial scales - from real-time products monitoring and forecasting severe weather, to the highest quality post-processed products suitable for climate research. The Action also promoted the use of meteorological data as an input to real-time GNSS positioning, navigation, and timing services and has stimulated knowledge and data transfer throughout Europe and beyond. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 563 p. 290 illus., 270 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030139018
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13901-8
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-13901-8
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    EPN-Repro2: A reference GNSS tropospheric data set over Europe (2017)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-05
    Description: The present availability of 18+ years of GNSS data belonging to the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN, http://www.epncb.oma.be/) is a valuable database for the development of a climate data record of GNSS tropospheric products over Europe. This data record can be used as a reference for a variety of scientific applications (e.g. validation of regional numerical weather prediction reanalyses and climate model simulations) and has a high potential for monitoring trends and the variability in atmospheric water vapour. In the framework of the EPN-Repro2, the second reprocessing campaign of the EPN, five Analysis Centres homogenously reprocessed the EPN network for the period 1996–2014. A huge effort has been made to provide solutions that are the basis for deriving new coordinates, velocities and tropospheric parameters for the entire EPN. The individual contributions are then combined to provide the official EPN reprocessed products. This paper is focused on the EPN-Repro2 tropospheric product. The combined product is described along with its evaluation against radiosonde data and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-Interim) data.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 3
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    Inter-technique validation of tropospheric slant total delays (2017)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-12
    Description: An extensive validation of line-of-sight tropospheric slant total delays (STD) from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), ray tracing in numerical weather prediction model (NWM) fields and microwave water vapour radiometer (WVR) is presented. Ten GNSS reference stations, including collocated sites, and almost 2 months of data from 2013, including severe weather events were used for comparison. Seven institutions delivered their STDs based on GNSS observations processed using 5 software programs and 11 strategies enabling to compare rather different solutions and to assess the impact of several aspects of the processing strategy. STDs from NWM ray tracing came from three institutions using three different NWMs and ray-tracing software. Inter-techniques evaluations demonstrated a good mutual agreement of various GNSS STD solutions compared to NWM and WVR STDs. The mean bias among GNSS solutions not considering post-fit residuals in STDs was −0.6 mm for STDs scaled in the zenith direction and the mean standard deviation was 3.7 mm. Standard deviations of comparisons between GNSS and NWM ray-tracing solutions were typically 10 mm ± 2 mm (scaled in the zenith direction), depending on the NWM model and the GNSS station. Comparing GNSS versus WVR STDs reached standard deviations of 12 mm ± 2 mm also scaled in the zenith direction. Impacts of raw GNSS post-fit residuals and cleaned residuals on optimal reconstructing of GNSS STDs were evaluated at inter-technique comparison and for GNSS at collocated sites. The use of raw post-fit residuals is not generally recommended as they might contain strong systematic effects, as demonstrated in the case of station LDB0. Simplified STDs reconstructed only from estimated GNSS tropospheric parameters, i.e. without applying post-fit residuals, performed the best in all the comparisons; however, it obviously missed part of tropospheric signals due to non-linear temporal and spatial variations in the troposphere. Although the post-fit residuals cleaned of visible systematic errors generally showed a slightly worse performance, they contained significant tropospheric signal on top of the simplified model. They are thus recommended for the reconstruction of STDs, particularly during high variability in the troposphere. Cleaned residuals also showed a stable performance during ordinary days while containing promising information about the troposphere at low-elevation angles.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 4
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    Tropospheric products of the second GOP European GNSS reprocessing (1996–2014) (2017)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-29
    Description: In this paper, we present results of the second reprocessing of all data from 1996 to 2014 from all stations in International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Reference Frame Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF) Permanent Network (EPN) as performed at the Geodetic Observatory Pecný (GOP). While the original goal of this research was to ultimately contribute to the realization of a new European Terrestrial Reference System (ETRS), we also aim to provide a new set of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) tropospheric parameter time series with possible applications to climate research. To achieve these goals, we improved a strategy to guarantee the continuity of these tropospheric parameters and we prepared several variants of troposphere modelling. We then assessed all solutions in terms of the repeatability of coordinates as an internal evaluation of applied models and strategies and in terms of zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs) and horizontal gradients with those of the ERA-Interim numerical weather model (NWM) reanalysis. When compared to the GOP Repro1 (first EUREF reprocessing) solution, the results of the GOP Repro2 (second EUREF reprocessing) yielded improvements of approximately 50 and 25 % in the repeatability of the horizontal and vertical components, respectively, and of approximately 9 % in tropospheric parameters. Vertical repeatability was reduced from 4.14 to 3.73 mm when using the VMF1 mapping function, a priori ZHD (zenith hydrostatic delay), and non-tidal atmospheric loading corrections from actual weather data. Raising the elevation cut-off angle from 3 to 7° and then to 10° increased RMS from coordinates' repeatability, which was then confirmed by independently comparing GNSS tropospheric parameters with the NWM reanalysis. The assessment of tropospheric horizontal gradients with respect to the ERA-Interim revealed a strong sensitivity of estimated gradients to the quality of GNSS antenna tracking performance. This impact was demonstrated at the Mallorca station, where gradients systematically grew up to 5 mm during the period between 2003 and 2008, before this behaviour disappeared when the antenna at the station was changed. The impact of processing variants on long-term ZTD trend estimates was assessed at 172 EUREF stations with time series longer than 10 years. The most significant site-specific impact was due to the non-tidal atmospheric loading followed by the impact of changing the elevation cut-off angle from 3 to 10°. The other processing strategy had a very small or negligible impact on estimated trends.
    Print ISSN: 1867-1381
    Electronic ISSN: 1867-8548
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 5
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    Sensitivity of GNSS tropospheric gradients to processing options (2018)
    Copernicus
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    Publication Date: 2018-09-10
    Description: An analysis of processing settings impact on estimated tropospheric gradients is presented. The study is based on the benchmark data set collected within the COST GNSS4SWEC action with observations from 430 GNSS reference stations in central Europe for May and June 2013. Tropospheric gradients were estimated in eight different variants of GNSS data processing using Precise Point Positioning with the G-Nut/Tefnut software. The impact of the gradient mapping function, elevation cut-off angle, GNSS constellation and real-time versus post-processing mode were assessed by comparing the variants by each to other and by evaluating them with respect to tropospheric gradients derived from two numerical weather prediction models. Generally, all the solutions in the post-processing mode provided a robust tropospheric gradient estimation with a clear relation to real weather conditions. The quality of tropospheric gradient estimates in real-time mode mainly depends on the actual quality of the real-time orbits and clocks. Best results were achieved using the 3° elevation angle cut-off and a combined GPS+GLONASS constellation. Systematic effects of up to 0.3mm were observed in estimated tropospheric gradients when using different gradient mapping functions which depend on the applied observation elevation-dependent weighting. While the latitudinal troposphere tilting causes a systematic difference in the north gradient component on a global scale, large local wet gradients pointing to a direction of increased humidity cause systematic differences in both gradient components depending on the gradient direction.
    Electronic ISSN: 2568-6402
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
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    The rapid and precise computation of GPS slant total delays and mapping factors utilizing a numerical weather model (2014)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0048-6604
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-799X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 7
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    DORIS data analysis at Geodetic Observatory Pecný using single-satellite and multi-satellite geodetic solutions (2010)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0273-1177
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1948
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 8
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    SPOT-5 DORIS oscillator instability due to South Atlantic Anomaly: Mapping the effect and application of data corrective model (2013)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0273-1177
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1948
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
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    Real-time zenith tropospheric delays in support of numerical weather prediction applications (2014)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0273-1177
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1948
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    Estimating the Impact of Global Navigation Satellite System Horizontal Delay Gradients in Variational Data Assimilation (2018)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-28
    Description: We developed operators to assimilate Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Zenith Total Delays (ZTDs) and horizontal delay gradients into a numerical weather model. In this study we experiment with refractivity fields derived from the Global Forecast System (GFS) available with a horizontal resolution of 0.5°. We begin our investigations with simulated observations. In essence, we extract the tropospheric parameters from the GFS analysis, add noise to mimic observation errors and assimilate the simulated observations into the GFS 24h forecast valid at the same time. We consider three scenarios: (1) the assimilation of ZTDs (2) the assimilation of horizontal delay gradients and (3) the assimilation of both ZTDs and horizontal delay gradients. The impact is measured by utilizing the refractivity fields. We find that the assimilation of the horizontal delay gradients in addition to the ZTDs improves the refractivity field around 800 hPa. When we consider a single station there is a clear improvement when horizontal delay gradients are assimilated in addition to the ZTDs because the horizontal delay gradients contain information that is not contained in the ZTDs. On the other hand, when we consider a dense station network there is not a significant improvement when horizontal delay gradients are assimilated in addition to the ZTDs because the horizontal delay gradients do not contain information that is not already contained in the ZTDs. Finally, we replace simulated by real observations, that is, tropospheric parameters from a Precise Point Positioning solution provided with the G-Nut/Tefnut software, in order to show that the GFS 24h forecast is indeed improved when GNSS horizontal delay gradients are assimilated in addition to GNSS ZTDs; for the considered station (Potsdam, Germany) and period (June and July, 2017) we find an improvement in the retrieved refractivity of up to 4%.
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-4292
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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