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  • 1
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    In:  EPIC3European Geosciences Union 02 07 April 2006, Vienna, Austria, (Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 8, 05358., 2006
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Subject Compression wood can be qualitatively identified in thermo-mechanical and chemo-thermo-mechanical pulps by the colour reaction developed by Wiesner (1878) using an ethanolic solution of phloroglucinol (C6H3(OH)3) acidified by hydrochloric acid. Compression wood cells appear dark red coloured in comparison to spring and summer wood cells. This is due to the relatively high lignin content in compression wood.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Sap- and heartwood chips are different in their chemical properties as well as in bonding behaviour. The age of the tree has also an influence on the bonding characteristics of the chips. Thickness swelling, water absorption and equilibrium moisture content of heartwood boards were always lower than those of sapwood boards. Moreover, bending and internal bond strength of heartwood boards made from 20- and 40-year-old trees are much higher than those produced from sapwood. The strength properties of the boards deteriorate, however, with increasing age of the tree. This applies for both heartwood and sapwood boards. The water extractives of heartwood boards are of lower pH-value and higher buffering capacity than the corresponding boards from sapwood. Moreover, the emanation of acetic acid from heartwood boards is much higher than that of formic acid. In addition, boards from heartwood are in general of lower formaldehyde release compared with boards from sapwood. The addition of heartwood extractives to MUPF-resin increases the viscosity and gelation time of the resin and decreases its pH-value, whereas in case of PF-resin no such increase in the gelation time was registered. The extracts of heartwood increase the viscosity and gelation time of TF-resin.
    Notes: Kern- und Splintholzspäne unterscheiden sich in ihren chemischen Eigenschaften; das Alter der Bäume kann die chemischen Eigenschaften der Späne beeinflussen. Die Dickenquellung, Wasseraufnahme und Ausgleichsfeuchteder Kernholzspanplatten sind bei allen Bindemitteltypen niedriger als die der Splintholzspanplatten. Weiterhin sind –unabhängig von dem Bindemitteltyp – die Biege- und Querzugfestigkeitswerte (V 20, V 100) der Platten aus dem Kernholz der 20- und 40 jährigen Lärche im allgemeinen höher als die der Splintholzspanplatten. Die Festigkeitswerte sowohl der Kern- als auch der Splintholzspanplatten nehmen mit zunehmendem Baumalter ab. Die wäßrigen Extrakte der Kernholzspanplatten weisen bei allen Bindemitteltypen im Vergleich zu den Splintholzspanplattenextrakten einen niedrigeren pH-Wert und eine höhere Pufferkapazität auf. Weiterhin ist bei allen Kern- und Splintholzspanplatten die Abgabe an Essigsäure deutlich höher als die an Ameisensäure. Ferner geben mit MUPF und TF-Harz gebundene Kernholzspanplatten überwiegend weniger Formaldehyd ab als die Splintholzspanplatten. Die Zugabe der Kernholzextrakte erniedrigt den pH-Wert bei PF- und MUPF-Harz und verlängert dadurch die Gelierzeit bei MUPF-Harz. Bei PF-Harz war eine geringfügige Verkürzung der Erhärtungsdauer festzustellen. Die Kernholzextrakte erhöhen die Viskosität der TF-Harze und verlängern die Gelierzeit, ohne den pH-Wert stark zu verändern.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The type of the catalyst has a marginal influence on the pH value of the water extractives of UF-bonded boards. However, significant differences were found in the pH value of the water extractives of boards bonded with different UF-resins (UF 1 and UF 2). Modification of UF-resins with melamine resin and resorcinol increases the pH value of water extractives and decreases the buffering capacity of particleboards bonded therewith. Increasing the amount of resorcinol lowers the formaldehyde release, insofar it seems that the formaldehyde is involved in the modification process. Moreover, modification of UF-resins with melamine formaldehyde resin as well as resorcinol seems to reduce the release of volatile acids from the particleboards. The modification of the UF-resins with melamine resin and resorcinol increases the amount of free, still unreacted, urea in the resin. This phenomenon may be due to a reaction between modifier and formaldehyde leaving less free formaldehyde to react with urea.
    Notes: Der pH-Wert der wäßrigen Auszüge der Spanplatten wird durch den Typ des Härtungsbeschleunigers wenig beeinflußt. Deutliche Unterschiede im pH-Wert der Extrakte treten demgegenüber in Abhängigkeit des eingesetzten UF-Harzes (UF 1 und UF 2) auf. Die Modifizierung der UF-Harze mit Resorcin und Melamin-Formaldehydharz erhöht den pH-Wert der Extrakte und verringert ihre Pufferkapazität. Mit zunehmender Resorcinmenge nimmt die nach der WKI-Flaschen-Methode ermittelte Formaldehyd- und Säureabgabe der Platten deutlich ab. Insofern scheint die Modifizierung der UF-Harze über eine Reaktion mit dem Formaldehyd des Harzes zu erfolgen. Die Modifizierung mit Melamin-Formaldehydharz vermindert ferner die Abgabe an flüchtigen Säuren der Platten. Durch die Modifizierung des UF-Harzes mit Melamin-Formaldehydharz und Resorcin steigt der lösliche Anteil an Harnstoff im UF-Harz.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pinus sylvestris ) from trees of different ages was investigated using the brown rot fungi Coniophora puteana. The particleboards were bonded with polymeric diisocyanate (PMDI), melamin-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resin (MUPF-resin), phenolformaldehyde resin (PF-resin) and tanninformaldehyde resin (TF-resin). As reference particleboards from sap- and heartwood of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and Larch (Larix decidua) were investigated using the binders PMDI, MUPF-, PF- and TF-resin as well as particleboards from sapwood of pine containing a chemical wood preservative. Generally, MUPF- and TF-bonded particleboards made from heartwood were of higher biological resistance compared with those made from sapwood using the same binder system. In case of PMDI-bonded pine particleboards the influence of heartwood on the biological resistance was almost undetectable. TF-bonded particleboards made from heartwood of 126-year-old pine (samples without leaching) showed a very high resistance towards biological attack. Leaching of particleboards prior to testing decreased the biological resistance of TF-bonded pine boards from old trees. The difference between the biological resistance of untreated and leached particleboard samples was especially high in case of TF-bonded particleboards of heartwood from old pine, whereas leaching did not seem to have such effect on the biological resistance of TF-bonded particleboards of young pine and Douglas fir and larch, respectively. The resistance of MUPF- and PMDI-bonded boards remains unaffected by leaching.
    Notes: Pinus sylvestris ) unterschiedlichen Alters gegenüber dem Braunfäuleerreger Coniophora puteana wurde untersucht. Die Spanplatten wurden mit polymerem Diisocyanat (PMDI), Melamin-Harnstoff-Phenol-Formaldehydharz (MUPF-Harz), Phenolformaldehydharz (PF-Harz) und Tannin-Formaldehydharz (TF-Harz) als Bindemittel hergestellt. Zum Vergleich dienten PMDI-, MUPF-, PF- und TF-gebundene Spanplatten aus dem Kern- und Splintholz der Douglasie (Pseudotsuga menziesii) und Lärche (Larix decidua) sowie Spanplatten aus dem Splintholz der Kiefer, die ein chemisches Holzschutzmittel enthielten. Die MUPF- und TF-gebundenen Kernholzspanplatten wiesen eine höhere Beständigkeit gegenüber dem holzzerstörenden Pilz auf als die entsprechenden Splintholzspanplatten. Bei den mit PMDI als Bindemittel hergestellten Spanplatten kam der hemmende Einfluß des Kernholzes auf das Pilzwachstum nicht zum Ausdruck. TF-gebundene Kernholzspanplatten aus 126jähriger Kiefer ohne Alterungsbeanspruchung (Auswaschbehandlung) zeigten eine sehr hohe Pilzresistenz; bei einer Auswaschbehandlung der TF-gebundenen Kiefernkernholzspanplatten war die Pilzresistenz jedoch nicht mehr gegeben. Demgegenüber war bei den TF-gebundenen Kernholzspanplatten der jungen Kiefer sowie der Douglasie und Lärche der Einfluß der Auswaschbehandlung nur gering. Die Auswaschbehandlung hatte bei den MUPF- und PMDI-gebundenen Spanplatten keinen nachweisbaren Einfluß auf den Pilzabbau.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 56 (1998), S. 192-192 
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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