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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Variabilität hydrologischer Regressionsmodelle (2002)
    München : Oldenbourg-Industrieverl.
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZS-142(82)
    In: Mitteilungen
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: xvi, 152, 52 S.
    ISBN: 3486265407
    Series Statement: Mitteilungen / Universität der Bundeswehr München, Institut für Wasserwesen 82
    Classification:
    Hydrology
    Language: German
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent growth phase-dependent phosphorylation of malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT), a major fatty acid synthase II component in Mycobacterium bovis BCG (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 227 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Probing protein extracts from exponentially growing and stationary phase cultures of Mycobacterium bovis BCG with anti-phospho amino acid antibodies revealed a 31-kDa anti-phospho threonine antibody-reactive protein specific to growing culture. The corresponding protein was purified via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified via mass spectrometry to be malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT), a component of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. MCAT tagged with histidine reacted with anti-phospho threonine antibody and was positive in an in-gel chemical assay for phospho proteins. Analysis of the growth phase dependence of MCAT-His phosphorylation and protein levels showed that phosphorylated MCAT-His can be detected only in growing culture. In contrast, MCAT-His protein level was growth phase-independent. These results suggest that MCAT may be a substrate of a protein kinase and phosphatase, and that aspects of fatty acid synthesis in tubercle bacilli are regulated by protein phosphorylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00664-5
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Up-regulation of narX, encoding a putative ‘fused nitrate reductase’ in anaerobic dormant Mycobacterium bovis BCG (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 178 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its closely related but non-pathogenic relative M. bovis Bacille Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) have the capability to adapt to anaerobiosis by shifting down from aerobic growth to a state of non-replicating persistence or dormancy. Here, we report the results of a comparative Northern analysis of 23 genes identified in the tubercle bacillus genome project that might play a role in the energy metabolism under anaerobic conditions. The expression of a majority of the genes was found to be down-regulated in the dormant BCG culture. However, the mRNA level for narX, a putative ‘fused nitrate reductase’ not found in other bacteria, was strongly up-regulated in anaerobic dormant bacilli. narX is the first transcriptionally induced gene in anaerobic dormant mycobacteria and might be a useful marker for monitoring the dormancy response in infected animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13760.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isoniazid resistance of exponentially growing Mycobacterium smegmatis biofilm culture (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 227 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Biofilm growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis was found to be unaffected at an isoniazid concentration that inhibited growth of planktonic bacilli (i.e. at isoniazid minimum inhibitory concentration=10 μg ml−1). Significant growth (50% of drug-free control) of biofilms was observed at up to 40 μg ml−1 and the MIC for biofilm growth showed an increase to up to 80 μg ml−1 isoniazid. Thus, the biofilm growth modus appears to be a strategy for replicating bacilli to evade the onslaught of antibacterials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00584-6
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the dormancy-inducible narK2 promoter in Mycobacterium bovis BCG (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 188 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Upon depletion of oxygen, the obligate aerobe mycobacteria switch from growth to a state of non-replicating persistence or dormancy. Here, we report the first functional analysis of a dormancy-dependent mycobacterial promoter in Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Promoter probing using a ′lacZ reporter detected a dormancy-inducible promoter activity upstream of the coding sequence for the putative nitrite extrusion protein NarK2. Primer extension analysis mapped a transcriptional start point 47 bp upstream of the narK2 start codon. Deletion analysis revealed that the sequence −222 to −133 bp upstream from the transcriptional start point was required for basal and dormancy-inducible reporter expression. The sequence +1 to +47 downstream of the transcriptional start point had a strong inhibitory effect on the level of dormancy-induced β-galactosidase activity. The identification of apparent activating and inhibiting regions suggests that the narK2 promoter is at least under dual control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09185.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plate-based dormancy culture system for Mycobacterium smegmatis and isolation of metronidazole-resistant mutants (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 200 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mycobacterium smegmatis is an obligate aerobe. However, growth analyses in oxygen-limited liquid cultures have shown that the bacillus is able to survive anoxia with a half-life of 4 days by shifting down to a drug-resistant, dormant state. Metronidazole is the first lead against dormant bacilli and shows selective toxicity for this physiological state. Here, we report a plate-based dormancy culture system employing anoxic jars for M. smegmatis. Its usefulness for the genetic analysis of dormancy was demonstrated by isolating the first metronidazole-resistant mutants. Highly resistant mutants formed slightly yellow (as opposed to creamy) colonies. Furthermore, high-level metronidazole resistance correlated with an increased half-life of 12 days under anoxic conditions. This suggests a link between metronidazole susceptibility and anaerobic survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10718.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased alanine dehydrogenase activity during dormancy in Mycobacterium smegmatis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 167 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The aerobic fast-growing Mycobacterium smegmatis has, like its slow-growing pathogenic counterpart M. tuberculosis, the capability to adapt to anaerobiosis by shifting down to a drug resistant dormant state. Here, we report the identification of the first enzyme, l-alanine dehydrogenase, whose specific activity is increased during dormancy development in M. smegmatis. This mycobacterial enzyme activity was previously identified as the 40-kDa antigen in M. tuberculosis and shows a preference for the reductive amination of pyruvate to alanine at physiological pH. The determination of the temporal profile of alanine dehydrogenase activity during dormancy development showed that the activity stayed at a low baseline level during the initial aerobic exponential growth phase (0.7 mU mg−1 min−1). After termination of aerobic growth, alanine dehydrogenase activity increased rapidly 5-fold. As oxygen becomes more and more limiting, the enzyme activity declined until it reached a level about two-third that of the peak value. The strong induction immediately after deflection from aerobic growth suggests that alanine might be required for the adaptation from aerobic growth to anaerobic dormancy. As alanine synthesis is coupled to NADH oxidation, we propose that the induction of alanine dehydrogenase activity might also support the maintenance of the NAD pool when oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor becomes limiting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13200.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen depletion induced dormancy in Mycobacterium smegmatis (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 163 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We report here that the physiological behaviour of the fastgrowing saprophytic Mycobacterium smegmatis under in vitro oxygen-depletion and reactivation conditions is strikingly similar to the characteristics shown by the slowgrowing pathogenic M. tuberculosis. M. smegmatis died rapidly when shifted abruptly from aerobic to anaerobic conditions. In contrast to the lethal shock of abrupt oxygen depletion, the slow depletion through a selfgenerated oxygen gradient permitted an adaptation to a persistent state which showed increased resistance against the bactericidal effects of anaerobiosis. The anaerobic persistent culture did not synthesise DNA and showed synchronised division upon reactivation in oxygen rich medium, indicating that the persistent bacilli are uniformly arrested at a defined stage of the cell cycle. Upon reactivation the persistent culture started synthesising DNA only after the first cell division, suggesting that the persistent cells contain two chromosomes. Furthermore, the persistent culture developed sensitivity to metronidazole and resistance against ofloxacin. These results suggest that M. smegmatis might be useful as a fastgrowing non-pathogenic model for comparative molecular analyses of mycobacterial dormancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13040.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular and genetic characterization of SLC1, a putative Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog of the metazoan cytoplasmic dynein light chain 1 (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 38-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Dynein ; Gene disruption ; cin8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit, microtubule-dependent motor enzyme that has been proposed to function in a variety of intracellular movements. As part of an effort to understand the evolution and the biological roles of cytoplasmic dynein, we have identified the first non-metazoan dynein light chain 1, SLC1, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The amino acid sequence of the SLC1 protein is similar to those of the human, Drosophila and Caenorhabditis cytoplasmic dynein light chains 1. The SLC1 gene lies adjacent to the YAP2 (=CAD1) transcription unit. The SLC1 coding sequence is split by two introns and its mRNA is detectable throughout the cell cycle. Tetrad analysis of heterozygotes harboring a TRP insertion in the SLC1 coding region indicate that SLC1 function is not essential for cell viability. Furthermore, we demonstrate that double mutants, defective for SLC1 and the kinesin-related CIN8 genes are non-lethal. The redundancy of SLC1 function in yeast contrasts with the cell death caused by loss-of-function mutations in the dynein light chain 1 gene in Drosophila melanogaster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174342
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependence of expression of an inducible Staphylococcus aureus cat gene on the translation of its leader sequence (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 207 (1987), S. 486-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: pUB112 ; Chloramphenicol resistance ; Bacillus subtilis ; Translational attenuation ; Ochre suppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The gene for chloramphenicol (Cm) acetyltransferase (CAT) carried by the staphylococcal plasmid pUB112, whose expression can be stimulated by Cm, is preceded by a regulatory region containing two control elements. One of these consists of a Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence followed by an open reading frame coding for a leader peptide of nine amino acids. Previous work has shown that the SD sequence is essential for inducibility of Cm resistance by the antibiotic (Brückner and Matzura 1985). Here we demonstrate that fusion of the leader peptide coding sequence to a truncated 'lacZ gene results in synthesis of a leader peptide-β-galactosidase fusion protein. Introduction of an ochre nonsense codon into the reading frame of the leader peptide sequence leads to considerable reduction of the basal expression and loss of inducibility of the cat gene. These results reveal that synthesis of the leader peptide is required for the basal and inducible expression of the cat gene and support the model of translational attenuation for its regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331619
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