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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterologous expression of the Aspergillus nidulans regulatory gene nirA in Fusarium oxysporum
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 109 (1991), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Transformation ; filamentous fungi ; gene regulation ; nitrate assimilation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(91)90602-8
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of food yeast from starchy substrates (1982)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1982), S. 232-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Fifteen yeast strains were selected for the production of food yeast from starchy substrates. From comparison with the amylolytic yeasts, a strain of Schwanniomyces castellii was selected and its characteristics are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499962
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xylanase production in solid-state fermentation: a study of its properties (1985)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1985), S. 177-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Xylanase production by Aspergillus niger van Tieghem was studied in solid-state cultivation. The screening of substrates was carried out in column incubators aerated with humidified air at 30°C. Results of physiological studies showed that the best yield of xylanase was 2500 U/g dry matter on a mixture of straw+bran 1:1 at 70% of moisture content. In order to compare some properties of the xylanase produced in both liquid and solid cultures, A. niger was also grown on xylan in submerged cultures. The enzymes produced in solid and liquid cultures have an optimum pH of about 3.8 and 4.5, respectively. Xylanase synthetized in solid fermentation is a little more thermostable than that from liquid culture and is maximally active at 50° C, compared to 45° C for enzyme from liquid culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253605
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulase production by trichoderma harzianum in static and mixed solid-state fermentation reactors under nonaseptic conditions (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 1385-1388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cellulase production from lignocellulosic materials was studied in solid-state cultivation by both static and mixed techniques under nonaseptic conditions. The effects of fermentation conditions, such as moisture content, pH, temperature, and aeration, on cellulase production by Trichoderma harzianum using a mixture of wheat straw (80%) and bran (20%) were investigated. With a moisture content of 74% and a pH of 5.8., 18 IU filter paper activity and 198 IU endoglucanase activity/g initial substrate content were obtained in 66 h. The extension from static column cultivation to stirred tank reactor of 65 L capacity gave similar yields of cellulase.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270917
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  • 5
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    DEIMOS: A beamline dedicated to dichroism measurements in the 350–2500 eV energy range (2014)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 6
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    Investigating the seismic structure and visibility of dynamic plume models with seismic array methods (2019)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Summary〈/div〉Mantle plumes may play a major role in the transport of heat and mass through the Earth, but establishing their existence and structure using seismology has proven challenging and controversial. Previous studies have mainly focused on imaging plumes using waveform modelling and inversion (i.e. tomography). In this study we investigate the potential visibility of mantle plumes using array methods, and in particular whether we can detect seismic scattering from the plumes. By combining geodynamic modelling with mineral physics data we compute ‘seismic’ plumes whose shape and structure correspond to dynamically-plausible thermochemical plumes. We use these seismic models to perform a full-waveform simulation, sending seismic waves through the plumes, in order to generate synthetic seismograms. Using velocity spectral analysis and slowness-backazimuth plots, we are unable to detect scattering. However at longer dominant periods (25 seconds) we see several arrivals from outside the plane of the great circle path, that are consistent with an apparent bending of the wavefront around the plume conduit. At shorter periods (15 seconds), these arrivals are less obvious and less strong, consistent with the expected changes in the waves' behaviour at higher frequencies. We also detect reflections off the iron-rich chemical pile which serves as the plume source in the D'' region, indicating that D'' reflections may not always be due to a phase transformation. We suggest that slowness-backazimuth analysis may be a useful tool to locate mantle plumes in real array datasets. However, it is important to analyse the data at different dominant periods since, depending on the width of the plume, there is probably an optimum frequency band at which the plume is most visible. Our results also show the importance of studying the incoming energy in all directions, so that any apparently out-of-plane arrivals can be correctly interpreted.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 2051-1965
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 7
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    Numerical dynamos with outer boundary heat flux inferred from probabilistic tomography--consequences for latitudinal distribution of magnetic flux (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-16
    Description: Mantle control on the geodynamo is often simulated using numerical dynamos with imposed outer boundary heat flux inferred from lower mantle tomography, assuming that seismic and thermal anomalies in the lowermost mantle are highly correlated. However, non-thermal effects might perturb this idealized linear seismic–thermal mapping. Here we use a probabilistic tomography model to isolate the thermal part of the seismic anomaly in order to impose a more realistic core–mantle boundary heat flux pattern on the outer boundary of numerical dynamo simulations. We demonstrate that on time average these dynamo models have more low-latitude convective and magnetic activity than corresponding models with conventional tomographic heat flux. In addition, the low-latitude magnetic flux and kinetic energy contributions are more time-dependent in the dynamo models with a probabilistic tomography heat flux, and thus may recover the observed latitudinal distribution of geomagnetic flux on the core–mantle boundary, which we propose as a morphological criterion for Earth-like dynamo models.
    Keywords: Geomagnetism, Rock Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 8
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    Lowermost mantle thermal conductivity constrained from experimental data and tomographic models (2019)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉Summary〈/div〉Heat transfer through Earth's mantle is sensitive to mantle thermal conductivity and its variations. Thermal conductivities of lower mantle minerals, bridgmanite (Bm) and ferropericlase (Fp), depend on pressure, temperature, and composition. Because temperature and composition are expected to strongly vary in the deep mantle, thermal conductivity may also vary laterally. Here, we compile self-consistent data on lattice thermal conductivities of Bm and Fp at high pressure to model lower mantle thermal conductivity and map its possible lateral variations. Importantly, our dataset allows us to quantify the influence of iron content on mantle conductivity. At the bottom of the mantle, the thermal conductivity for a pyrolitic mantle calculated along an adiabat with potential temperature 2000 K is equal 8.6 W/m/K. Using 3D thermo-chemical models from probabilistic tomography, which include variations in temperature, iron content, and bridgmanite fraction, we then calculate possible maps of conductivity anomalies at the bottom of the mantle. In regions known as low shear-wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs), thermal conductivity is reduced by up to 26 per cent compared to average mantle, which may impact mantle dynamics in these regions. A simple analysis of threshold and saturation effects related to the iron content shows that our estimates of thermal conductivity may be considered as upper bounds. Quantifying these effects more precisely however requires additional mineral physics measurements. Finally, we estimate variations in core-mantle boundary (CMB) heat flux, and find that that these variations are dominated by lateral temperature anomalies and are only partly affected by changes in thermal conductivity.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 2051-1965
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 9
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    Response enhancement for the evaporative light scattering detection for the analysis of lipid classes and molecular species (2001)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-5893
    Electronic ISSN: 1612-1112
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    The stability and structure of primordial reservoirs in the lower mantle: insights from models of thermochemical convection in three-dimensional spherical geometry (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-11
    Description: Large-scale chemical lateral heterogeneities are inferred in the Earth's lowermost mantle by seismological studies. We explore the model space of thermochemical convection that can maintain reservoirs of dense material for a long period of time, by using similar analysis in 3-D spherical geometry. In this study, we focus on the parameters thought to be important in controlling the stability and structure of primordial dense reservoirs in the lower mantle, including the chemical density contrast between the primordial dense material and the regular mantle material (buoyancy ratio), thermal and chemical viscosity contrasts, volume fraction of primordial dense material and the Clapeyron slope of the phase transition at 660 km depth. We find that most of the findings from the 3-D Cartesian study still apply to 3-D spherical cases after slight modifications. Varying buoyancy ratio leads to different flow patterns, from rapid upwelling to stable layering; and large thermal viscosity contrasts are required to generate long wavelength chemical structures in the lower mantle. Chemical viscosity contrasts in a reasonable range have a second-order role in modifying the stability of the dense anomalies. The volume fraction of the initial primordial dense material does not effect the results with large thermal viscosity contrasts, but has significant effects on calculations with intermediate and small thermal viscosity contrasts. The volume fraction of dense material at which the flow pattern changes from unstable to stable depends on buoyancy ratio and thermal viscosity contrast. An endothermic phase transition at 660 km depth acts as a ‘filter’ allowing cold slabs to penetrate while blocking most of the dense material from penetrating to the upper mantle.
    Keywords: Geodynamics and Tectonics
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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