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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 422 (2003), S. 269-270 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] There is an undeclared dispute among researchers who study complex traits — physical or behavioural characteristics of an organism that are dictated by combinations of more than one gene and the environment. On one side are classical geneticists, who look at the differences in DNA sequence ...
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The most common and pervasive human health problems are caused by diseases with complex etiologies. Humans differ greatly in their genetic vulnerability to these common diseases. Mechanisms that underlie disease susceptibility and progression are, with few exceptions, influenced by numerous ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 38 (2006), S. 861-862 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) into small chromosomal intervals is a difficult task, primarily because of two problems: (i) the genotype-phenotype correlation is generally poor, and (ii) in standard crosses (such as intercrosses and backcrosses), there is relatively little recombination, ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 37 (2005), S. 118-119 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Anecdotally, children of parents of mixed ethnicities are exotically beautiful. More scientifically established is the merit of admixed populations for gene mapping purposes. The potential value of admixed populations was suggested more than half a century ago. Substantial theoretical and practical ...
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 28 (2001), S. 309-310 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The relative advantages of isolated (also termed founder or homogeneous) and outbred populations in identifying genes affecting complex traits has been the subject of much debate. The extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in isolated and outbred populations has been charted, and the small ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 18 (1998), S. 19-24 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Current success in detecting complex trait loci in general, and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using model organisms in particular, has attracted major biological and biomedical interest. The potential ability to identify genes and their function provides opportunities for new diagnostics and ...
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 16 (1997), S. 194-196 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] A high resolution murine linkage map based on polymorphic microsatellite markers5, combined with mapping methods which make no assumptions about the complexity of the genetic control of a trait6,7 makes it possible to identify regions of the murine genome influencing trypanosomiasis resistance. So ...
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 351-357 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Quantitative trait locus ; Genetic mapping ; Marker-QTL linkage ; Experimental design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cost of experiments aimed at determining linkage between marker loci and quantitative trait loci (QTL) was investigated as a function of marker spacing and number of individuals scored. It was found that for a variety of experimental designs, fairly wide marker spacings (ca. 50 cM) are optimum or close to optimum for initial studies of marker-QTL linkage, in the sense of minimizing overall cost of the experiment. Thus, even when large numbers of more or less evenly spaced markers are available, it will not always be cost effective to make full utilization of this capacity. This is particularly true when costs of rearing and trait evaluation per individual scored are low, as when marker data are obtained on individuals raised and evaluated for quantitative traits as part of existing programs. When costs of rearing and trait evaluation per individual scored are high, however, as in human family data collection carried out primarily for subsequent marker — QTL analyses, or when plants or animals are raised specifically for purposes of marker — QTL linkage experiments, optimum spacing may be rather narrow. It is noteworthy that when marginal costs of additional markers or individuals are constant, total resources allocated to a given experiment will determine total number of individuals sampled, but not the optimal marker spacing.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1992), S. 353-359 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: QTL ; Selective genotyping ; Genetic marker ; Linkage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary “Selective genotyping” is the term used when the determination of linkage between marker loci and quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting some particular trait is carried out by genotyping only individuals from the high and low phenotypic tails of the entire sample population. Selective genotyping can markedly decrease the number of individuals genotyped for a given power at the expense of an increase in the number of individuals phenotyped. The optimum proportion of individuals genotyped from the point of view of minimizing costs for a given experimental power depends strongly on the cost of completely genotyping an individual for all of the markers included in the experiment (including the costs of obtaining a DNA sample) relative to the cost of rearing and trait evaluation of an individual. However, in single trait studies, it will almost never be useful to genotype more than the upper and lower 25% of a population. It is shown that the observed difference in quantitative trait values associated with alternative marker genotypes in the selected population can be much greater than the actual gene effect at the quantitative trait locus when the entire population is considered. An expression and a figure is provided for converting observed differences under selective genotyping to actual gene effects.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 27 (1997), S. 125-132 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Quantitative trait loci (QTL) ; confidence interval ; resolving power ; gene mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract “Resolving power” is defined as the 95% confidence interval for quantitative trait locus (QTL) map location that would be obtained when scoring an infinite number of markers in a given constellation of a marker-QTL mapping experiment. Resolving power can serve as a close estimate of the confidence interval of QTL map location, as well as a guide to the lower efficient limit of marker spacing in an initial marker-QTL mapping experiment. In the present study, an extensive series of simulations was carried out to provide estimates of resolving power, for backcross (BC) and F2 designs, over a wide range of experimental sizes and of gene effects and dominance at the QTL. From the simulation results, the remarkably simple expressions, 3000/(mNd 2) (where m = 1 for BC and m = 2 for F2; N = population size, and d = allele substitution effect) and 530/Nν (in terms of ν, the proportion of variance explained), were obtained for estimating resolving power. These expressions can provide a convenient guide to planning marker spacing in BC and F2 marker-QTL linkage experiments and for placing confidence intervals about QTL map location obtained in such experiments.
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