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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional trends in aquatic recovery from acidification in North America and Europe (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 401 (1999), S. 575-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Rates of acidic deposition from the atmosphere (‘acid rain’) have decreased throughout the 1980s and 1990s across large portions of North America and Europe. Many recent studies have attributed observed reversals in surface-water acidification at national and regional scales ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/44114
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rate of acidification of aquatic ecosystems in Ontario, Canada (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 329 (1987), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Alkalinity distribution of lakes in central Ontario. A total of 1,787 lakes were surveyed in the years 1981-85. All lakes were in the SO4-deposition zone defined as having SO2," deposition of 〉60mequiv m~2 yr"1. Upper limit of alkalinity interval (pequiv. I"1) We have studied two ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/329045a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sulphur deposition on lake-water chemistry in Ontario, Canada (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 333 (1988), S. 340-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To assess the effects of sulphur deposition on lake chemistry on a regional scale, we first divided Ontario into zones based on total sulphur-deposition fields (Fig. la) reported for 1983 (ref. 6). This deposition map was superimposed on a map of tertiary watershed boundaries, and six groupings of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/333340a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Historical changes in anthropogenic lead fallout in southern Ontario, Canada (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: anthropogenic lead ; undisturbed sediments ; historical records
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A quantitative historical record of anthropogenic lead deposition has been determined for the Haliburton region of southern Ontario from a) the relative change in lead concentration in undisturbed sediment cores, and b) the total anthropogenic lead deposition measured in the region. The first parameter was measured on two sediment cores from a meromictic lake. Total lead deposition was assumed to be the average of that measured for eight other lakes in the study area. The validity of this historical record was tested on sediment cores from nearby dimictic lakes. Predicted lead concentration profiles closely resembled observed profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whole-lake lead burdens in sediments of lakes in southern Ontario, Canada (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediments ; lead
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The anthropogenic stable lead content of the sediments of eight softwater Precambrian lakes in southern Ontario was measured at 34–92 sites per lake. Whole-lake anthropogenic lead burdens varied between only 610 and 770 mg m−2. There was no relationship between lead burden and either water replenishment time of the lake (TW) or the ratio of watershed area to lake area (Ad/A0), which varied by factors of 4 and 12 respectively. These results can be explained if a) the lead deposition in this region is uniform, and b) the only significant input of lead to the lakes is via deposition from the atmosphere directly on the lakes' surfaces. Therefore spatial differences in anthropogenic lead within a lake represent the redistribution or focusing pattern of the sediments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391927
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Historical changes in anthropogenic lead fallout in southern Ontario, Canada (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: anthropogenic lead ; undisturbed sediments ; historical records
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A quantitative historical record of anthropogenic lead deposition has been determined for the Haliburton region of southern Ontario from a) the relative change in lead concentration in undisturbed sediment cores, and b) the total anthropogenic lead deposition measured in the region. The first parameter was measured on two sediment cores from a meromictic lake. Total lead deposition was assumed to be the average of that measured for eight other lakes in the study area. The validity of this historical record was tested on sediment cores from nearby dimictic lakes. Predicted lead concentration profiles closely resembled observed profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391928
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of acidification on metal budgets of lakes and catchments (1988)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 5 (1988), S. 201-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: metals ; mass balances ; acidification ; lakes ; catchment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Metal (Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Al) budgets were measured for 5 lakes and their catchments near Sudbury, Ontario, an area severely affected by the emission and deposition of strong acids (H2SO4/SO2) and metals. Three of the lakes were circum-neutral (pH 6.3–7.1) during the study period, while one lake had a pH of ∼ 4.8 and a fifth had very low pH (∼ 4.4). The lakes' catchments were all sources of Al, Mn and Ni, but were sinks for Cu and Zn. The Fe results were inconsistent; two lakes' catchments were sources while three were sinks. The acidic lakes were conservative (i.e. net retention of zero) with respect to Cu and Ni, while the circum-neutral lakes were effective sinks for these 2 metals. All of the lakes were sinks for Zn and Al, but the acidic lakes were less effective. All lakes were also Fe sinks. While there was no pattern relative to the lakes' pH's, there was a trend towards increasing Fe retention with increasing water replenishment time. The most acidic lake was actually a source of Mn, while the others were sinks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02180228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Episodic sulphate export from wetlands in acidified headwater catchments: Prediction at the landscape scale (1999)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 44 (1999), S. 187-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: Canadian Shield ; drought ; headwater catchments ; hydrogeology ; sulphate pulses ; wetlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Sulphate (SO 4 −2 ) concentrations in 34 intensively measured Canadian Shield streams near the Dorset Research Centre, central Ontario, were used to test a hydrogeologic model that uses simple measures of wetland area and till depth to identify catchments that produce SO 4 −2 pulses. Mean annual measured maximum SO 4 −2 concentrations were significantly greater in shallow till (〈1 m depth) catchments containing wetlands than catchments covered with deeper tills (〉1 m depth) containing wetlands or catchments with no wetlands. Average maximum SO 4 −2 concentrations in wetland catchments during years with dry summers were 〉20 mg/L in 19 of 20 catchments with average till depths of 〈1 m, whereas concentrations were 〈20 mg/L in 5 of 6 watersheds with average till depths of 〉1 m. Peaks in mean annual maximum SO 4 −2 concentrations from wetland catchments with shallow till occurred during summers with rain fall 150–200 mm less than potential evaporation estimates. There were no significant differences in mean average annual SO 4 −2 concentration among the different catchments during wet summers, with SO 4 −2 concentrations ranging from 6 to 13 mg/L. These observations suggest that a large portion of the temporal and spatial variation in SO 4 −2 chemistry and export can be predicted in headwater catchments of the Canadian Shield and perhaps in other landscapes where till depth influences upland-wetland hydrologic connections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00992978
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whole-lake lead burdens in sediments of lakes in southern Ontario, Canada (1982)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 91-92 (1982), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: sediments ; lead
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The anthropogenic stable lead content of the sediments of eight softwater Precambrian lakes in southern Ontario was measured at 34–92 sites per lake. Whole-lake anthropogenic lead burdens varied between only 610 and 770 mg m−2. There was no relationship between lead burden and either water replenishment time of the lake (TW) or the ratio of watershed area to lake area (Ad/A0), which varied by factors of 4 and 12 respectively. These results can be explained if a) the lead deposition in this region is uniform, and b) the only significant input of lead to the lakes is via deposition from the atmosphere directly on the lakes' surfaces. Therefore spatial differences in anthropogenic lead within a lake represent the redistribution or focusing pattern of the sediments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940101
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of ammonium and nitrate retention in the acidification of lakes and forested catchments (1990)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 11 (1990), S. 23-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: acid precipitation ; ammonium ; mass balance ; nitrate ; nitrogen ; retention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The relative contribution of HN03 to precipitation acidity in eastern Canada has increased in recent years leading to some concern that the relative importance of NO− 3 deposition in acidification of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems may increase. To gauge the extent of this impact, annual mass balances for N0− 3 and NH+ 4 were calculated for several forested catchments and lakes in Ontario. Retention of NH+ 4 (R NH4) by forested catchments was consistently high compared to retention of NO3 − (R NO3) which was highly variable. Retention of inorganic nitrogen was influenced by catchment grade and areal water discharge. In lakes, the reciprocals of retention of N0− 3 and NH+ 4 were linearly related to the ratio of lake mean depth to water residence time (z/τ; equal to areal water discharge), and retention did not appear to be a function of degree of acidification of the lakes. Net N consumption-based acidification of lakes, defined as the ratio of annual NH; mass to N0− 3 mass consumption, was negatively correlated with /τ and N consumption-related acidification was most likely to occur when − was 〈 1.5 m yr−1. If retention mechanisms are unaffected by changes in deposition, changes in deposition will still result in changes in surface water concentrations although the changes will be of similar proportions. Therefore, ‘NO− 3 saturation’ should not be defined by concentrations alone, but should be defined as decreasing long-term, average NO− 3 retention in streams and lakes in response to long-term increases in NO− 3 deposition. Analysis o f survey data will be facilitated by grouping lakes and catchments according to similar characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00000850
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