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  • 1
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    WDR-23 and SKN-1/Nrf2 Coordinate with the BLI-3 Dual Oxidase in Response to Iodide-Triggered Oxidative Stress (2018)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-07
    Description: Animals utilize conserved mechanisms to regulate oxidative stress. The C. elegans SKN-1 protein is homologous to the vertebrate Nrf (NF-E2-related factor) family of cap ’n’ collar (CnC) transcription factors and functions as a core regulator of xenobiotic and oxidative stress responses. The WD40 repeat-containing protein WDR-23 is a key negative regulator of SKN-1 activity. We previously found that the oxidative stress induced by excess iodide can be relieved by loss of function in the BLI-3 / TSP-15 / DOXA-1 dual oxidase complex. To further understand the molecular mechanism of this process, we screened for new mutants that can survive in excess iodide and identified gain-of-function mutations in skn-1 and loss-of-function mutations in wdr-23 . The SKN-1C isoform functions in the hypodermis to affect animal’s response to excess iodide, while the SKN-1A isoform appears to play a minor role. wdr-23 (lf) can interact with bli-3 mutations in a manner different from skn-1 (gf) . Transcriptome studies suggest that excess iodide causes developmental arrest largely independent of changes in gene expression, and wdr-23 (lf) could affect the expression of a subset of genes by a mechanism different from SKN-1 activation. We propose that WDR-23 and SKN-1 coordinate with the BLI-3 / TSP-15 / DOXA-1 dual oxidase complex in response to iodide-triggered oxidative stress.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 2
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    Structural basis for piRNA 2'-O-methylated 3'-end recognition by Piwi PAZ (Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille) domains [Biochemistry] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-01-19
    Description: Argonaute and Piwi proteins are key players in the RNA silencing pathway, with the former interacting with micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and siRNAs, whereas the latter targets piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that are 2′-O-methylated (2′-OCH3) at their 3′ ends. Germline-specific piRNAs and Piwi proteins play a critical role in genome defense against transposable elements, thereby protecting the genome against transposon-induced defects in gametogenesis and fertility. Humans contain four Piwi family proteins designated Hiwi1, Hiwi2, Hiwi3, and Hili. We report on the structures of Hili-PAZ (Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille) domain in the free state and Hiwi1 PAZ domain bound to self-complementary 14-mer RNAs (12-bp + 2-nt overhang) containing 2′-OCH3 and 2′-OH at their 3′ ends. These structures explain the molecular basis underlying accommodation of the 2′-OCH3 group within a preformed Hiwi1 PAZ domain binding pocket, whose hydrophobic characteristics account for the preferential binding of 2′-OCH3 over 2′-OH 3′ ends. These results contrast with the more restricted binding pocket for the human Ago1 PAZ domain, which exhibits a reverse order, with preferential binding of 2′-OH over 2′-OCH3 3′ ends.
    Keywords: Inaugural Articles
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Cytochrome P450 drives a HIF-regulated behavioral response to reoxygenation by C. elegans (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-03
    Description: Oxygen deprivation followed by reoxygenation causes pathological responses in many disorders, including ischemic stroke, heart attacks, and reperfusion injury. Key aspects of ischemia-reperfusion can be modeled by a Caenorhabditis elegans behavior, the O2-ON response, which is suppressed by hypoxic preconditioning or inactivation of the O2-sensing HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) hydroxylase EGL-9. From a genetic screen, we found that the cytochrome P450 oxygenase CYP-13A12 acts in response to the EGL-9-HIF-1 pathway to facilitate the O2-ON response. CYP-13A12 promotes oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids into eicosanoids, signaling molecules that can strongly affect inflammatory pain and ischemia-reperfusion injury responses in mammals. We propose that roles of the EGL-9-HIF-1 pathway and cytochrome P450 in controlling responses to reoxygenation after anoxia are evolutionarily conserved.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3969381/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3969381/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ma, Dengke K -- Rothe, Michael -- Zheng, Shu -- Bhatla, Nikhil -- Pender, Corinne L -- Menzel, Ralph -- Horvitz, H Robert -- GM24663/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM024663/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM024663/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007484/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 2;341(6145):554-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1235753. Epub 2013 Jun 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23811225" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/*metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Eicosanoids/metabolism ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1/*metabolism ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Reperfusion Injury/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Neuronal activity-induced Gadd45b promotes epigenetic DNA demethylation and adult neurogenesis (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-03
    Description: The mammalian brain exhibits diverse types of neural plasticity, including activity-dependent neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. How transient activation of mature neurons leads to long-lasting modulation of adult neurogenesis is unknown. Here we identify Gadd45b as a neural activity-induced immediate early gene in mature hippocampal neurons. Mice with Gadd45b deletion exhibit specific deficits in neural activity-induced proliferation of neural progenitors and dendritic growth of newborn neurons in the adult hippocampus. Mechanistically, Gadd45b is required for activity-induced DNA demethylation of specific promoters and expression of corresponding genes critical for adult neurogenesis, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and fibroblast growth factor. Thus, Gadd45b links neuronal circuit activity to epigenetic DNA modification and expression of secreted factors in mature neurons for extrinsic modulation of neurogenesis in the adult brain.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2726986/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2726986/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ma, Dengke K -- Jang, Mi-Hyeon -- Guo, Junjie U -- Kitabatake, Yasuji -- Chang, Min-Lin -- Pow-Anpongkul, Nattapol -- Flavell, Richard A -- Lu, Binfeng -- Ming, Guo-Li -- Song, Hongjun -- R01 HD069184/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048271/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS048271-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):1074-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1166859. Epub 2009 Jan 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. dma2@jhmi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119186" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation/*genetics/*metabolism ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA/metabolism ; *DNA Methylation ; Dendrites/physiology/ultrastructure ; Dentate Gyrus/cytology/physiology ; Electroshock ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 1/genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, Immediate-Early ; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; *Neurogenesis ; Neurons/*physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Stem Cells/cytology/physiology ; Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Designing of the massive gas injection valve for the joint Texas experimental tokamak (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-09
    Description: In order to mitigate the negative effects of the plasma disruption a massive gas injection (MGI) valve is designed for the joint Texas experimental tokamak. The MGI valve is based on the eddy-current repulsion mechanism. It has a fueling volume of 30 ml. The piston of the MGI valve is made by non-ferromagnetic material, so it can be installed close to the vacuum vessel which has a strong toroidal magnetic field. A diode is use to prevent current oscillation in the discharge circuit. The drive coil of the valve is installed outside the gas chamber. The opening characteristics and the gas flow of the MGI valve have been tested by a 60 l vacuum chamber. Owing to the large electromagnetic force the reaction time of the valve is shorter than 0.3 ms. Duration for the opening of the MGI valve is in the order of 10 ms.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Cryogenic Performance Test Platform for the Gas Bearings of Helium Turbine Expanders (2020)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-30
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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