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  • 1
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    Electroreception in lampreys: evidence that the earliest vertebrates were electroreceptive (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-04-24
    Description: Evoked potential and unit responses from the lamprey brain to weak electric fields demonstrate that lampreys have an electrosensory system as sensitive as those of other electroreceptive fishes. Electrosensory responses were recorded in the dorsal medulla, the midbrain torus semicircularis, and the optic tectum. Similarities in the structure of the anterior lateral line nerves and medullary organization between lampreys and several primitive jawed fishes indicate that the electroreceptive systems are homologous in these taxa. Thus electroreception was probably present in the earliest vertebrates ancestral to both agnathans and gnathostomes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bodznick, D -- Northcutt, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Apr 24;212(4493):465-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7209544" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Brain/physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials ; Fishes/*physiology ; Lampreys/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship of the olfactory EEG evoked by naturally-occurring stream waters to the homing behavior of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, walbaum)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 52 (1975), S. 487-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus nerka ; Salmon ; electroencephalograph ; fish migration ; olfactory EEG ; olfactory bulb ; salmon-homing ; sensory responses ; smell ; sockeye
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(75)80070-3
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship of the olfactory EEG evoked by naturally-occurring stream waters to the homing behavior of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, walbaum)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 52 (1975), S. 487-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus nerka ; Salmon ; electroencephalograph ; fish migration ; olfactory EEG ; olfactory bulb ; salmon-homing ; sensory responses ; smell ; sockeye
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0300-9629(75)80070-3
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cerebellar dorsal granular ridge in an elasmobranch has proprioceptive and electroreceptive representations and projects homotopically to the medullary electrosensory nucleus (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 174 (1994), S. 707-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Electrosense ; Cerebellum ; Parallel fiber ; Proprioception ; Skate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 1. Response properties of neurons in the dorsal granular ridge (DGR) of the little skate, Raja erinacea, were studied in decerebrate, curarized fish. Sensory responses included proprioceptive (426 of 952; 45%) and electroreceptive units (526 of 952; 55%). Electroreceptive units responded to weak electric fields with a higher threshold than lower-order units and had large ipsilateral receptive fields, whose exact boundaries were often unclear but contained smaller, identifiable best areas. Proprioceptive units responded to displacement of the ipsilateral fin and were either position-or movement-sensitive. 2. Both proprioceptive and electroreceptive units showed a progression of receptive fields from anterior to posterior body in the rostral to caudal direction along the length of DGR. Sensory maps in DGR projected homotopically to the electrosensory somatotopy in the dorsal nucleus. Peak evoked potentials and units responding to local DGR stimulation occurred only in areas of the dorsal nucleus with receptive fields located within the composite receptive field at the DGR stimulation site. 3. Single shocks to DGR produced a short spike train followed by a prolonged suppression period in the medullary dorsal nucleus. These results have implications for the role of the parallel fiber system in medullary electrosensory processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192720
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A role for GABAergic inhibition in electrosensory processing and common mode rejection in the dorsal nucleus of the little skate, Raja erinacea (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 179 (1996), S. 797-807 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Dorsal octavolateralis nucleus ; Elasmobranch, Electroreception ; GABA ; Noise suppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The electrosensory primary afferents in elasmobranchs are responsive to electric potentials created by the animal's own ventilation, while the second-order neurons (AENs) which receive this afferent input in the medulla suppress responses to ventilatory potentials but retain their extreme sensitivity to electric signals in the environment. Ventilatory potentials are common mode signals in elasmobranchs and a common mode rejection mechanism is one way the AENs suppress ventilatory noise. By pressure injecting the GABA-A receptor antagonist SR95531 while extracellularly recording from AENs, we tested the hypothesis that the subtractive circuitry that selectively reduces common mode signals in AENs utilizes GABA, and that a GAB-Aergic component of the dorsal nucleus commissural pathway mediates crossed inhibition of AENs. Local application of SR95531 increased the spontaneous activity and the responsiveness of AENs to electrosensory stimuli. AEN responses to a common mode stimulus were selectively increased compared to responses to a localized stimulus due to SR95531 application. Contralateral inhibition of AENs was blocked by SR95531, indicating that GABAergic commissural cells may inhibit AENs when the contralateral side of the body is stimulated, as with common mode stimulation. We conclude that GABAergic inhibition contributes significantly to the shaping of AEN responses including common mode rejection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207358
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    End buds: non-ampullary electroreceptors in adult lampreys (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 158 (1986), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Shared anatomical and physiological characters indicate that the low-frequency sensitive electrosensory system of lampreys is homologous with those of non-teleost fishes and amphibians. However, the ampullary electroreceptor organs which characterize all of these gnathostomes are not found in lampreys. Experimental anatomical and physiological studies reported here demonstrate that the epidermal end buds are the electroreceptors of adult lampreys. End buds, consisting of both sensory and supporting cells, are goblet-shaped with the top (25–60 μm diameter) at the epidermal surface and the stem directed toward the dermis (Fig. 1A). Short lines or clusters of 2–8 end buds (Fig. 1B) are distributed over both trunk and head. Injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into vitally-stained end buds labeled anterior lateral line afferents terminating in the ipsilateral dorsal nucleus (Fig. 2A) — the primary electrosensory nucleus of the lamprey medulla. Conversely, after HRP injection into the dorsal nucleus HRP-filled fibers and terminals were present on ipsilateral end buds (Fig. 2B). End buds are usually not visible without staining. However, in adult sea lampreys the presence of end buds was histologically confirmed in skin patches containing the receptive fields of electroreceptor fibers recorded in the anterior lateral line nerve. Additionally, in the rare instance of two silver lampreys in which end buds were visible without staining, electrosensory activity indistinguishable from that of the primary electroreceptor afferents was recorded from the end bud surface (Figs. 3, 4). End buds were initially characterized as chemoreceptors (Johnston 1902) but were later correctly advanced as lateralis receptors based on the presence of presynaptic dense bodies in the receptor cells (Whitear and Lane 1981). Unlike all other low-frequency electroreceptors, end buds lack canals. The receptor cells contact the epidermal surface and possess apical microvilli rather than the kinocilium of most gnathostomes with homologous electrosensory systems of the primitive (non-teleost) type. Larval lampreys and newly transformed adults lack end buds although at least the latter are electroreceptive. End buds, therefore, may be the form taken by electroreceptors only in the final portion of a lamprey's life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614515
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