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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of alloying on the structural recrystallization temperature of steels (1971)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 13 (1971), S. 14-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. We studied the effect of chromium, manganese, nickel, and silicon on the structural recrystallization temperature of steels with different carbon concentrations. It was found that noncarbide-forming elements raise Chernov's point b more than carbide-forming elements. 2. The characteristic effects of alloying elements on Chernov's point b indicate that it depends primarily on the structural condition of the matrix. Carbides that are difficult to dissolve can shift point b to higher temperatures, while the solution of excess phases is an accompanying phenomenon and does not have a decisive influence on point b.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663770
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of heat cycling for increasing the ductility of high-carbon steels (1983)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 25 (1983), S. 888-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00701952
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of thermal cycling treatment on the critical points of steels (1987)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 29 (1987), S. 493-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01167732
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of grain size on the inhibition of alpha and gamma transformation in continuous heating of steel (1988)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 30 (1988), S. 259-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. During continuous heating of steel at a rate of about 100°K/min the intensity of development of transformation in the intercritical temperature interval changes nomonotonically. At certain temperatures we find minimal intensity of austenite formation. The degree of lowering of the intensity of transformation and the effect of the temperature corresponding to this depend to a considerable extent on the grain size. 2. The complex nature of the change in intensity of transformation in dependence on the temperature is due to the difference between the processes occurring in different temperature intervals (the simultaneous nucleation of centers of γ-phase and their growth or only growth), the change of the mechanism of diffusion of carbon (from surface diffusion to bulk diffusion), and to the thermodynamic determination of the acceleration of transformation of low carbon ferrite into austenite at high temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00774575
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grain size and heat resistance of Cr-Mo-V steel (1974)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 16 (1974), S. 935-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. A reduction of the grain size of cast parts of steel 15Kh1M1F from 40 to 15 μ increases the probability of obtaining high ductility at room temperature and higher values of the long-term ductility at 565°C. 2. The long-term strength is hardly affected by grain refining within these limits, and depends mainly on the ratio of the structural components. 3. To ensure maximum values of the long-term ductility of cast parts of boilers and turbines it is necessary to study the factors controlling the optimal grain size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663799
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of structure formation in steel 15Kh1M1FL (1974)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 16 (1974), S. 624-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00651921
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of cold plastic deformation of austenitic grain size in steel (1992)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 34 (1992), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The ferritic grain size Lα of 15Kh steel depends upon the degree of deformation ɛ and the original grain size before deformation. In fine-grained steel deformation with degrees close to the critical leads to coarsening of the grains according to the coalescence mechanism and in coarse-grained to refinement of them. This determines the different character of the Lα=f(ɛ) relationship for original fine- and coarse-grained steel. 2. At the investigated heating rates regardless of the degree of deformation with the exception of εcr the initial austenitic grain size in the fine-grained steel agrees with the grain size of the α-phase at the point Ac1. In deformation with εcr the substructure formed during coalescence influences the austenitic grain size. As the result, after such deformation the austenitic grain size is finer than the ferritic before the start of austenitization. 3. In the austenitic area strongly deformed steel in which a fine grain size was formed before the α→γ-transformation reveals a strong tendency toward grain growth regardless of heating conditions. In accelerated and rapid heating this makes it possible to obtain a more uniform grain size in the cross section of nonuniformly deformed blanks. 4. The generally accepted opinion of refinement of the austenitic structure in deformed steel is valid for original coarse-grained steel but is not confirmed for fine-grained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00703626
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature of the white band in welded steels (1965)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 7 (1965), S. 42-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions 1. A white band occurs in the weld area at temperatures within the critical temperature range and is formed in all steels which undergo phase transformations. 2. White bands can occur not only as the result of welding but in all cases where the temperature gradient includes the critical temperature range. 3. The formation of the white band is independent of the initial state of the metal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00655570
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heredity in phase transformations: Mechanism of the phenomenon and effect on the properties (2000)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 42 (2000), S. 122-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A review of modern concepts of heredity in phase transformations, its kinds, the mechanism of the phenomenon, and the effect of heating conditions on its manifestation and the properties of the steel is presented. The experimental results presented for model steel of grade 120Kh3G3 of the austenitic class verify the fact that the substructure of the original α-phase is inherited by austenite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471324
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of austenite in steels (1968)
    Springer
    Metal science and heat treatment 10 (1968), S. 671-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Conclusions On heating of steel austenite is formed in two stages: a) a diffusionless α→γ transformation, leading to the formation of low-carbon austenite; 2) subsequent saturation of the austenite with carbon [8]. In this case the austenite forms first in those places where, for whatever reason (the existence of an interface, differences in concentration, lattice defects), the free energy is larger, which facilitates the nucleation of austenite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652835
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