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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Management of Biological Invasions 7 (2016): 131-139, doi:10.3391/mbi.2016.7.2.01.
    Description: In a world where invasive alien species (IAS) are recognised as one of the major threats to biodiversity, leading scientists from five continents have come together to propose the concept of developing an international association for open knowledge and open data on IAS—termed “INVASIVESNET”. This new association will facilitate greater understanding and improved management of invasive alien species (IAS) and biological invasions globally, by developing a sustainable network of networks for effective knowledge exchange. In addition to their inclusion in the CBD Strategic Plan for Biodiversity, the increasing ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts associated with IAS have driven the development of multiple legal instruments and policies. This increases the need for greater co-ordination, co-operation, and information exchange among scientists, management, the community of practice and the public. INVASIVESNET will be formed by linking new and existing networks of interested stakeholders including international and national expert working groups and initiatives, individual scientists, database managers, thematic open access journals, environmental agencies, practitioners, managers, industry, non-government organisations, citizens and educational bodies. The association will develop technical tools and cyberinfrastructure for the collection, management and dissemination of data and information on IAS; create an effective communication platform for global stakeholders; and promote coordination and collaboration through international meetings, workshops, education, training and outreach. To date, the sustainability of many strategic national and international initiatives on IAS have unfortunately been hampered by time-limited grants or funding cycles. Recognising that IAS initiatives need to be globally coordinated and on-going, we aim to develop a sustainable knowledge sharing association to connect the outputs of IAS research and to inform the consequential management and societal challenges arising from IAS introductions. INVASIVESNET will provide a dynamic and enduring network of networks to ensure the continuity of connections among the IAS community of practice, science and management.
    Description: This article is supported by COST Action TD1209 Alien Challenge.F.E. Lucy, J. Caffrey and J.T.A. Dick are supported by the Irish EPA Research grant 2015-NC-MS-4: Prevention, control and eradication of invasive alien species. J. Canning-Clode was supported by a starting grant in the framework of the 2014 FCT Investigator Programme (IF/01606/2014/CP1230/CT0001). J.R.S. Vitule and S.M. Thomaz are supported by Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) grants.
    Keywords: Knowledge flows ; Network of networks ; Sustainable ; IAS management ; Communication platform
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hemocytes of the Asian freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea, phagocytosed in vitro infectious Giardia duodenalis cysts. After 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min of incubation an average of 22%, 32%, 43%, 54%, and 72% of the cysts were phagocytosed by 22%, 55%, 63%, 81%, and 86% of the hemocytes, respectively. The number of hemocytes showing phagocytosis and the mean number of cysts ingested per hemocyte increased␣significantly over time (P 〈 0.01); the numbers of nonphagocytosed cysts significantly decreased (P 〈 0.02). Extrapolation reveals that C. fluminea can retain by phagocytosis an average of 1.6 × 106 G. duodenalis cysts/ml hemolymph. The phagocytic capacity of C. fluminea hemocytes indicates the applicability of this freshwater benthic bivalve for bioindication of contamination of waste waters and agricultural drainage with Giardia cysts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Asian freshwater clam, Corbicula fluminea, inhabits environments recognized to be contaminated with waterborne Giardia cysts. Sixty-four tissue samples of Giardia-free clams were spiked with various numbers of Giardia duodenalis cysts within the range of 50–700 cysts. Regression analysis showed that paired numbers of spiked (x) versus recovered (y) cysts regressed significantly (P 〈 0.01) according to the equation y= 42.57 + 1.81x (±64.3). The cyst detection threshold was 43 cysts/clam, the coefficient of determination was 77%, and the overall sensitivity of cyst detection was 42.9%. All 20 values of cyst numbers in clam tissue samples that were processed blind were located within the 95% prediction limits of the linear regression equation. The cyst retention rate of 160 clams kept in an aquarium with 38 l of water spiked with 1.00 × 105 G. duodenalis cysts was approximately 1.3 × 103 cysts/clam. No waterborne cysts were detected by the membrane filtration method 90 min after spiking the aquarium water. G. duodenalis cysts were detected in clam tissue up to 3 weeks post-exposure. Filtration of water by clams substantially depleted the aquarium water of its particulate matter. The sampling program demonstrated that the population of 160 clams examined during the study could be accurately assessed for exposure to waterborne Giardia cysts by random sampling of 86 (54%) clams. The results indicate that C. fluminea clams can be used␣for biological monitoring of contamination with Giardia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gravid proglottids of the linstowiid cestode,Oochoristica anolis, were studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy and light microscope histochemistry. Primary attention was given to the structure of uterine egg capsules and the medullary parenchyma throughout which they are distributed. Each capsule consists of a syncytial uterine epithelium, with material that appears to be its secretory product deposited in the lumen. Each capsule contains one egg. A basal lamina connects the uterine epithelium to medullary parenchyma cells, each of which is almost completely filled by a single lipid droplet. Parenchyma cells are sarcoplasmic extensions of medullary myocytons and possess a glycogen-rich cytoplasm. The overall proglottid structure results in each uterine egg capsule being surrounded completely by lipid-containing cells. This arrangement may facilitate transmission of oncospheres by slowing desiccation outside the host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Parasitology research 71 (1985), S. 639-648 
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The fine structure of embryonic envelopes of a linstowiid cestode,Oochoristica anolis, was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Eggs are contained individually within specialized uterine capsules. Despite the added protection of the uterine capsule and modified medullary parenchymal myocytons, each oncosphere is enclosed by the full complement of embryonic envelopes characteristic of most other cyclophyllideans. The embryonic capsule is slightly thickened by deposition of uterine lumenal material on its surface. The syncytial outer envelope contains numerous lipid droplets similar to those of the medullary parenchyma in which the uterine capsules are distributed. Prominent nuclei, mitochondria, ribosomes and glycogen are also present. A bilayered embryophore occupies the distal region of the syncytial inner envelope, which also contains nuclei and numerous ribosomes, but few lipid droplets. One or, more frequently, two oncospheral membranes lie between the inner envelope and oncosphere. These observations suggest that linstowiid embryonic envelopes are formed in a manner similar to those of other cyclophyllideans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 197 (1988), S. 303-314 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The cellular parenchyma of adult Mesocestoides lineatus consists primarily of muscle cells divided into myofibrils, myocytons with numerous greatly dilated cisternae of granular endoplasmic reticulum, and glycogen-rich myocytons with lipid droplets and membranous whorl inclusions. The latter are connected to each other by numerous gap junctions. Other mesenchymally arranged cells in the parenchyma are calcareous corpuscle cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of an electron-lucent ground substance and numerous filaments. During histogenesis of the paruterine organ wall, the myocytons surrounding the posterior end of the uterus undergo extensive flattening, followed by cellular deterioration. There is a concomitant reduction in ECM/cell ratio. The paruterine organ lumen dilates and then its uterine epithelium breaks down as the wall thickens, so that the late gravid paruterine organ consists of a thick wall of membranous sheets enclosing the egg mass. Parenchymal cells in other regions of the proglottid do not undergo change. These data provide evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal-ECM interactions in the development of an epithelio-mesenchymal organ in the Platyhelminthes.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Publication Date: 1996-05-24
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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