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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accurate measurement of laser-driven shock trajectories with velocity interferometry (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 1320-1322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe a velocity interferometer used to measure the velocity and trajectory of laser driven shocks in liquid deuterium accurately and continuously. This demonstration of velocity interferometry to measure shock velocity and shock trajectory in condensed matter shows strong potential for future studies of laser-driven shocks in transparent media. Accuracy of this technique can be better than 1% in velocity and ±0.2 μm in position during a 10 ns interval. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121882
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absolute measurements of the equations of state of low-Z materials in the multi-Mbar regime using laser-driven shocks (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1857-1861 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Although high intensity lasers offer the opportunity to explore the equations of state (EOSs) of materials under high energy density conditions, experimental difficulties have limited the application of laser-driven shocks to EOS measurements. However, we have recently performed absolute EOS measurements on the principal Hugoniot of liquid deuterium near one Mbar and of polystyrene from 10 to 40 Mbar. The D2 measurements were made with direct drive; the polystyrene experiments were indirectly driven. The data were sufficiently accurate to differentiate between existing EOS models and were surprising, particularly for D2. The results demonstrate that laser driven shocks can be used effectively to investigate high pressure EOSs. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872362
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equation of state measurements of hydrogen isotopes on Nova : The 39th annual meeting of division of plasma physics of APS (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1864-1869 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Nova laser [E. M. Campbell, Laser Part. Beams 9, 209 (1991)] was used to shock-compress liquid deuterium and obtain new principal Hugoniot measurements of density and pressure between 0.3 and 2.1 Mbar. In this pressure-density region, deuterium is predicted to transform from a molecular insulating fluid to an atomic conducting fluid. Nova data show a rapid increase in density from 0.6 g/cc at 0.3 Mbar, to 1 g/cc at 0.6 Mbar, suggestive of such a transition. The observed sixfold compression near 1 Mbar is larger than predicted by many widely used equation of state models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872857
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nova indirect drive Rayleigh–Taylor experiments with beryllium (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 3567-3572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth due to the Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability of single-wavelength surface perturbations on planar foils of copper-doped beryllium [BeCu] was measured. These foils were accelerated by x-ray ablation, with a shaped drive designed to produce ∼1.5 ns of uniform acceleration. A range of wavelengths (λ=30–70 μm) was used with initial amplitudes η0/λ=0.03–0.04. Tabulated opacities from detailed atomic physics models, HOPE [J. Quant. Spectros. Radiat. Transf. 43, 381 (1990)], OPAL [Astrophys. J. 397, 717 (1992)] and super transition array (STA) [Phys. Rev. A 40, 3183 (1989)] were employed in simulations. Other ingredients which can affect modeling, such as changes in the equation of state and the radiation drive spectrum, were also examined. This calculational model agrees with the Nova single wavelength RT perturbation growth data for the BeCu. No adjustments to the modelling parameters were necessary. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1494821
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    VISAR for measuring equation of state and shock propagation in liquid deuterium (abstract) : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1038-1038 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Initial laser-driven equation of state (EOS) experiments on liquid deuterium employed x-ray radiography to track the shock and particle speeds in the shock compressed sample. With the high pressures available with laser drivers we found that it is also possible to track the shock front directly with a velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) because the shock front reflects light across the visible spectrum with reflectance around 50% for shocks stronger than 50 GPa in liquid deuterium. We have observed similar reflectances in other dielectric samples, such as diamond, LiF, and water. The pressure required to produce a reflecting shock varies with each material. This phenomenon allows us to design impedance-matched EOS experiments using velocity interferometry to measure the propagation speed in the transparent shocked materials, and step breakout measurements to determine the speed in the pusher. In a different kind of experiment we have observed double shock compression in liquid deuterium by impacting a shock in liquid deuterium at a LiF anvil placed in the liquid sample. VISAR can be used to track the shock in the deuterium as well as the motion of the deuterium–LiF interface subsequent to impact. This allows us to diagnose double-shock states using the VISAR technique. As a final example VISAR can be used to track shock overtake events such as produced by shaped pulse compression or shock reverberation effects in the accelerating pusher. This capability is directly applicable to shock timing experiments needed to tune the drive pulse for inertial confinement fusion capsules on the National Ignition Facility. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1326011
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the nature of SS433 (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 280 (1979), S. 474-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If the motion may be characterised by a constant speed, then the classical Doppler effect contains information about the radial velocity, while the special relativistic form also involves the actual speed. The relativistic expressions for these parameters are v sin / and v c (1) where Zi and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/280474a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An interpretation of the SS433 phenomenon (1981)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 76 (1981), S. 417-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present a model which provides an interpretation of the observations relating to the object SS433. The model represents the logical development of the proposal of Collins and Newsom (1979) and consists of a binary system comprised of a massive early-type stellar primary, containing a substantial magnetic field and stellar wind, which is precessionally driven with a 165 day period by a much less massive secondary. The cool gas Doppler-shifted spectrum occurs behind a shock front propagating around the system in the remote regions of the stellar magnetic field. The constraints placed on any model by observation are set forth, and particular attention is given to how they are met by this model. Specifically, we show that the energetics and emission requirements are easily met while the observed radial velocity curve can be fit within the mostly stochastic variations displayed by the source. Finally we discuss the implications of the model for further observation and for the immediate past and future of the object.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687504
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stellar tidal disruption by a massive binary black hole (1980)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 73 (1980), S. 355-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of formation of a binary black hole in a dense star cluster are found to have significant effects on the dynamics of the cluster. Tidal destruction of stars captured into bound orbits during the formation of the black hole binary provide a sizeable source of very high temperature thermal radiation as well as a source of radially outward moving clouds of gas. The efficiency of subsequently accreted matter onto the binary components as an energy source is investigated and suggestive evolutionary models of the dynamics of the binary system are presented. Lifetimes of the system are shown to be compatible with contemporary estimates. It is suggested that the high-density cluster core provides a suitable environment for the operation of a number of models for the core of active galactic nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00642415
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secular change in the ‘164-day’ period of SS 433 (1982)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 81 (1982), S. 199-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we present evidence that the ‘164-day’ period in the wavelengths of the ‘moving’ lines in SS 433 has been decreasing at the surprisingly rapid rate of P = −0.010±0.002. An ephemeris of the moving lines for the 1981 observing season is provided for the case P = −0.010.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00676144
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR lineshapes in solid tritium and deuterium-tritium (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 100 (1995), S. 21-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on the NMR free induction decays (FID) from solid tritium (T2), deuterium-tritium (D-T), and H2, HD and D2 containing 2% tritium. The FID in pure components is typically a beat decay for spin concentrations 〉30%, an exponential for spin concentrations 〈10%, and a Gaussian or Gaussian-exponential for spin concentrations in between. In mixtures of DT or HD, the deuteron FID is a Gaussian-exponential while the T or H FID is typically a beat decay or Gaussian depending on temperature. The linewidth is shown to consist mostly of intermolecular and intramolecular contributions, with a small component resulting from unpaired hydrogen atoms created by the tritium radioactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00753835
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