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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated models of livestock systems for climate change studies. 2. Intensive systems (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The potential impact of climate change by the year 2050 on intensive livestock systems in Britain is assessed through the use of simulation models of farming systems. The submodels comprise livestock feeding, livestock thermal balance and the thermal balance of controlled environment buildings and a stochastic weather generator. These are integrated to form system models for growing pigs and broiler chickens. They are applied to scenarios typical of SE England, which is the warmest region of the country and represents the worst case. For both species the frequency of severe heat stress is substantially increased, with a consequent risk of mortality. To offset this, it would be necessary to reduce stocking densities considerably, or to invest in improved ventilation or cooling equipment. Other effects on production are likely to be small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00401.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated models of livestock systems for climate change studies. 1. Grazing systems (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 7 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The potential impact of climate change by the year 2050 on British grazing livestock systems is assessed through the use of simulation models of farming systems. The submodels, consisting of grass production, livestock feeding, livestock thermal balance, the thermal balance of naturally ventilated buildings and a stochastic weather generator, are described. These are integrated to form system models for sheep, beef calves and dairy cows. They are applied to scenarios representing eastern (dry) lowlands, western (wet) lowlands and uplands. The results show that such systems should be able to adapt to the expected climatic changes. There is likely to be a small increase in grass production, possibly allowing an increase in total productivity in some cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00392.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of temperature during seed development on the germination characteristics of millet seeds (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The cardinal temperatures, rate of germination and final percentage germination of pearl millet seeds were measured for seeds raised in greenhouses maintained at mean air temperatures of 19, 22, 25, 28 and 31°C. The results showed that cardinal temperatures for germination are unaffected by the temperature during seed development and growth. However, the conditions during seed growth did affect seed size and, subsequently, germination rate and seed viability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1985.tb01411.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermal-optical analysis of a compound parabolic concentrator for single and multiphase flows, including superheat (1987)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 21 (1987), S. 189-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine thermische und optische Analyse des Verhaltens eines Verbund-Parabol-Kollektors für die Anwendung der Sonnenenergie vorgestellt, der mit Kältemittel im nichtsiedenden, und übehitzten Bereich arbeitet. Das Verhalten dieses unter ein- und mehrphasigen Bedingungen arbeitenden Kollektors wird bestimmt durch den axialen Anteil der Kühl-kanallängen im nichtsiedenden und im überhitzten Zustand. Es werden der mittlere thermische Verlustkoeffizient, die dimensionslose Wärmekapazität sowie die Kollektorwirkungsgrade für verschiedene Zustandsbereiche dieses Parabolspiegels definiert. Ein neuer „verallgemeinerter Wärmeabflußfaktor“, ℱs, für Sonnenkollektoren, die unter beliebigen Betriebsbedingungen arbeiten, wurde entwickelt. Mit diesem ℱsFaktor werden der thermische Wirkungsgrad des Parabolkollektors und eines Platten-kollektors bei einphasiger flüssiger Strömung beim Sieden und für überhitzten Dampf berechnet, wodurch es möglich wird, eine geeignete Kollektorauslegung und das dazugehörige Konzentrationsverhältnis bei vorgegebenen Betriebstemperaturen zu wählen. Es wird gezeigt, daß im allgemeinen der parabolische Kollektor einen höheren thermischen Wirkungsgrad besitzt als der Platten-kollektor bei identischen Betriebsbedingungen.
    Notes: Abstract A thermal and optical analysis of the performance of a refrigerant charged Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) for solar applications operating in non-boiling, boiling and super-heated regimes is presented. The performance of the CPC working under these single and multiphase conditions is governed by the axial fractional channel lengths of the non-boiling and the superheating regions. The overall thermal loss coefficient, the dimensionless capacitance rate and collector efficiency factors for various CPC operating regions are defined. A new “Generalized Heat Removal Factor“, ℱs for solar collectors under any operation mode is developed. The thermal efficiency of a CPC and flat-plate collector, whether under non-boiling, boiling or superheated conditions, is evaluated using ℱs which enables the selection of a suitable collector design and concentration ratio at some specified operational temperature. It is shown that, in general, a CPC has a greater thermal conversion efficiency than a flat-plate for a given operating condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01377577
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Future sea-level changes due to West Antarctic ice sheet fluctuations (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 269 (1977), S. 206-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Global sea-level changes which would result from an instantaneous uniform thinning of the possibly unstable West Antarctic ice sheet are calculated and found to be nonuniform. At locations distant from the ice sheet (Hawaii, New York, the North Sea), immediate submergence would be followed by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/269206a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A stress-induced, developmentally regulated, highly polymorphic protein family in Pisum sativum L. (1993)
    Springer
    Planta 191 (1993), S. 7-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Developmental regulation ; Pathogenesis-related protein ; Pisum ; Protein (abscisic acid-responsive) ; Stress-inducible protein ; Tissue-specific protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The expression of members of two closely related abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive pea protein families, ABR17 and ABR18 (ABA-responsive 17200-Mr and 18100-Mr, respectively), is developmentally, tissueand stress-specifically regulated. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a number of ABR polypeptides on fluorographs of immunoprecipitated translation products of mRNAs, depending on the tissue, stage of development or type of stress. High endogenous ABA, or added ABA, enhanced the accumulation of translatable mRNA for specific ABR members under certain conditions, but high endogenous ABA was not a pre-requisite for accumulation of translatable ABR mRNA. The accumulation of ABR polypeptides was examined by Western blot analysis of acetate-buffer-extracted proteins. In fully expanded, young unstressed leaves, the ABR17 polypeptides (ABR18 polypeptides not detectable) accumulated to markedly higher levels in the epidermis than in the mesophyll. Dehydration stress caused an increased (ABR17) and detectable (ABR18) polypeptide accumulation which occurred predominantly in the epidermis. Detached leaves were used further to characterise factors affecting ABR polypeptide accumulation. An enhanced (ABR17) and detectable (ABR18) polypeptide accumulation occurred in the presence of ABA (10−4 M) but ABR18-polypeptide accumulation required light. The accumulation of both ABR polypeptides was stimulated in the presence of metabolisable and non-metabolisable carbohydrate sources but not in water or glutamine, indicating an osmotic rather than metabolic response. This carbohydrate-stimulated accumulation was markedly enhanced by light but unaffected by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, an inhibitor of photosynthesis, indicating other photoreceptive processes besides photosynthesis were involved. The function of the ABR proteins remains unknown but their accumulation in aging tissues indicates a role in senescence. The results clearly demonstrate highly complex interactions between different environmental and developmental signals leading to the expression of these stressrelated proteins. In light of these results, the induction of protein expression of the newly-termed intracellular pathogenesis-related proteins, to which the ABR proteins are closely related, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240890
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteins arising during the late stages of embryogenesis in Pisum sativum L. (1991)
    Springer
    Planta 184 (1991), S. 14-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Late embryogenesis abundant proteins ; Pathogenesis-related protein ; Pisum (embryogenesis) ; Protein (abscisic acid-responsive) ; Seed development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive seed proteins, ABR17 and ABR18 (ABA-responsive 17000-Mr and 18000-Mr, respectively), previously found to be induced in cultured embryos of pea (Pisum sativum L.) are major components synthesised during normal seed desiccation. The ABR17 and ABR18 proteins showed different patterns of accumulation. The ABR18 protein was abundant in the testa during early seed development but in desiccating seed it was synthesised in the embryo, indicating spacial as well as temporal regulation of expression. The ABR18 protein was undetectable soon after germination but reappeared after adding ABA. The ABR17 protein was not detected in the testa but appeared in the embryo just prior to maximum fresh weight. The ABR17 protein continued to be synthesised during germination and was also present in non-stressed leaves. A high level of endogenous ABA or added ABA increased levels of translatable ABR17 mRNA. The ABR17 and ABR18 proteins were further characterised so as to help determine their structure and function. Neither protein appeared to contain a signal peptide but both proteins appeared to be glycosylated. The proteins had similar amino-acid compositions and limited Nterminal analysis showed 56% sequence identity. Neither protein had any significant N-terminal sequence homology to any of the late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins or dehydrins. Both proteins, however, show striking homology with a pea disease-resistance-response protein and the major birch pollen allergen, indicating that the ABR17 and ABR18 proteins may be members of a distinct group of stress-induced proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208230
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat transport coefficients for constant energy flux models of broad leaves (1974)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 7 (1974), S. 139-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Experimental determinations of the local heat transfer by forced convection from model leaves heated by a constant energy flux were made in the laboratory under laminar and turbulent flow conditions. The results are expressed in a logarithmic dimensionless plot of the local Nusselt number, Nu d , against the local Reynolds number, Re d . For the laminar case, Nu d was only a linear function of Re d 1/2 downwind from the leading edge regions, although this relationship departed from that predicted theoretically due to the finite size and thickness of the model. For the turbulent case, a simple relationship between Nu d and Re d was found over a wide range of Reynolds numbers. The enhancement of heat transfer in the turbulent case depends primarily on the scale of turbulence rather than on the turbulent intensity. Past workers have discussed their results in relation to a factor β, defined as the ratio between the heat transfer predicted by the Polhausen equation, and that measured. The results suggest that β is not a unique parameter and may not be useful in describing the overall turbulent transfer process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227909
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supporting applications with network intelligence and B-ISDN (1998)
    Springer
    BT technology journal 16 (1998), S. 178-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1995
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The year 2000 is swiftly approaching and, with all the expectations it brings, many telcos are gearing up to provide telecommunications networks that will satisfy the majority of demands that new feature-rich applications will place upon them. To some people, supporting application requirements for a telecommunications netwrok might mean adding more intelligence to the network. Others may crave to transmit data at faster speeds, communicate more freely on the move, or be able to mix and match the appropriate network infrastructure as they, or their applications, choose to do so. These diverse application requirements are shaping the strategies being pursued by telcos to deliver integrated telecommunications networks for the next millennium. After looking back at some of the developments taking place within the broadband and network intelligence domains, this paper summarises some of the application and service requirements that must be addressed when building future telecommunications networks. From the plethora of technical proposals aimed at developing the necessary environment to fulfil these requirements, this article explores the alternatives. Of course, for all of these alternative routes there will be many questions, technical or otherwise, that yet remain unanswered. Some of these issues will be discussed and various options will be considered to provoke thought or socialise possible solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009686419579
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A photoelastic study of the response of immersed structures to fluid motion (1973)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 18 (1973), S. 305-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Hauptziel der Arbeit ist die Angabe einer Methode, welche die experimentelle Bestimmung der Spannungen gestattet, die durch Schwingungen in verformbaren, in einer Flüssigkeit befindlichen Teilen unter Vorspannung auftreten. Anwendungsziel der Arbeit ist die Angabe einer Methode, welche zum Verständnis einer Form des Verhaltens Boje-Kabel unter der Wirkung von Wasserwellen beitragen kann. Die Spannungsoptik wird zur Untersuchung herangezogen. Als Kabelmodell wird ein Gummistab und als Modell der Boje ein runder Plastikbehälter verwendet. Wellen bestimmter Frequenz werden durch einen Schwingungserreger erzeugt. Die Spannungen im Stab werden bestimmt, und eine mögliche Übertragung der ermittelten Resultate auf Prototypen mit Hilfe von Ähnlichkeitsgesetzen wird vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: Summary A basic object of the paper is the presentation of a method that permits the experimental determination of stresses associated with vibrations in flexible members, immersed in a fluid, and subjected to prestress. The applied object of the paper is to present a method that may help in the visualization of one form of behavior of buoy-cable systems loaded by the action of water waves. Photoelasticity is used for the analysis. The cable is modeled by a solid urethane rubber strip and the buoy by a floating plastic round can. Waves of controllable frequency are produced by a device actuated by a shaker. Bending and axial stresses in the strip are determined and the possible extension of the experimental results obtained to prototypes by means of scaling laws is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01178560
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