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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 97 (1993), S. 12685-12690 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The performance of the 1 m Seya–Namioka monochromator (1 m-SNM) beam line at SRRC has been measured and reached the designed goal. The beam line throughput (photon flux) has been measured by a calibrated silicon photodiode and is close to the theoretical values. The resolving power of this beam line has been measured from the studies of the core absorption of Ar and Ne and the Rydberg states of Mg vapor gas, and has reached the theoretical values. The improvement of the cooling system of the first mirror is also described. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The 6 m low-energy spherical grating monochromator (6 m-LSGM) beamline at SRRC is at its commission stage. The 6 m-LSGM beamline, which covers photon energies from 15 to 200 eV, is based on Dragon concept with spherical gratings and movable exit slit. Some of the commission data will be presented in this paper. The photoabsorption spectra of Ar, He, and Kr have been recorded with resolution so far unattained in the vacuum ultraviolet region. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The layout and first data on the performance of the soft x-ray bending magnet beamline 6 m high energy spherical grating monochromator (6m-HSGM) at SRRC are described. The 6m-HSGM beamline, which covers photon energies from 110 to 1500 eV, is based on the Dragon concept with spherical gratings, and a movable exit slit. During the first performance tests, core-excitation thresholds of Ar and Ne, and K thresholds of N and O for gas phase CO, N2, and O2 have been recorded with resolutions which rank among the best reached so far in the soft x-ray region. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0301-0104
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 562-564 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A high-flux and high-resolution VUV beamline (4–40 eV) has been designed and is under construction at SRRC. This beamline, which collects 50 mrad of horizontal radiation, uses a 6 m cylindrical-grating monochromator with an incident angle of 70° instead of the conventional normal-incidence-monochromator (NIM) design. Special features, such as movable entrance slit, bendable vertical focusing mirror and movable curved exit slit, are employed to enhance greatly the beamline performance. With both slit openings set at 10 µm, the energy-resolving power can reach as high as 70000. Photon fluxes of 1 × 1013 and 1 × 1010 photons s−1 are calculated for energy-resolving powers of 1000 and 40000, respectively. The best image size at the sample position is smaller than 0.45 × 0.2 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 723-725 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A wide-spectral-range high-performance 6 m-spherical grating monochromator (6 m-SGM) beamline has been designed and is under construction at SRRC. Two different entrance slits, instead of additional mirrors, are used to optimize the overall performance. Six gratings are used to cover photon energies from 10 to 1500 eV. Movable entrance slits and bendable vertical focusing mirrors are used to enhance further the beamline performance. A bendable horizontal focusing mirror is used to improve the resolution and to focus the photon beam at the experimental station immediately after the exit slit. Several end-stations can be installed at the same time to utilize the beam time fully. The expected energy-resolving power, with both slit openings set at 10 µm, is up to 15 000 and 40 000 for the high- and low-energy branches, respectively. A photon flux of 1 × 1011 photons s−1 can be obtained with an energy-resolving power of 20 000.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 551-553 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A high-performance wide-range beamline has been designed for monochromatizing circularly polarized photons with energies from 10 to 1400 eV. A grazing SGM-based beamline with two entrance slits has been employed to optimize the performance. The degree of the circular polarization affected by the beamline optics has been analysed. The horizontal and vertical refocusing mirrors have been specially arranged to improve greatly the polarization degree in the low-energy region. By connecting this beamline to a high-efficiency elliptically polarized undulator, this beamline should be able to provide, in the entire energy range, intensive and high-resolution photons of a high degree of circular polarization.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 92-94 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Les mutants au locusm de l'Arabidopsis ne réussissent pas à former de chloroplastes normaux dans certaines conditions et montrent des activités plus hautes en synthèse de pyrimidines que le témoin. La nutrition aseptique par 6-azauracile, inhibiteur spécifique de cette voie métabolique, restaure la différenciatin de structure lamellaire dans la plupart de ces organites, mais aux concentrations élevées, apparaissent des chloroplastes morphologiquement déviants, quoique de fonction efficace.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 14 (1975), S. 832-841 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die gleichzeitige Aufweitung und Dehnung eines Schlauches wird als Methode zur Durchführung von Dehnströmungsexperimenten untersucht. Diese im allgemeinen nichtstationäre und inhomogene Verformung wird so eingeschränkt, daß Materialteilchen am äußeren Radius des Schlauches (r 0 ) eine stationäre Dehnströmung erfahren. Die Lösung der Bewegungsgleichungen unter Berücksichtigung von Trägheit und Grenzflächenspannungen wird für einen Schlauch gegeben, der aus einem inkompressiblen, isotropen, einfachen Material besteht. Diese Lösung wird dazu benutzt, um Grenzflächenspannungen, Trägheit und Normalspannungsunterschiede mit zwei an der Oberfläche meßbaren Kräften in Beziehung zu setzen: der Druckdifferenz an der Schlauchwand und der auf die Enden des Schlauches ausgeübten Axialkraft. Explizite Voraussagen für die dimensionslos gemachten Verläufe dieser Größen werden gegeben. Dabei wird eine vereinfachte Form vonLodges Stoffgleichungen für kautschukelastische Flüssigkeiten benutzt, um die Integrale, welche die Normalspannungsdifferenzen enthalten, auszuwerten. Bei typischen Dehnströmungsexperimenten mit Stoffen hoher Viskosität ist der Beitrag von Trägheit und Grenzflächenspannungen gegenüber den vorausgesagten Kraft- und Druckfunktionen vernachlässigbar. Hingegen ist der Einfluß der Zylindergeometrie bedeutsam, ausgenommen im Falle der einachsigen Dehnung, die eine homogene Strömung darstellt. Für gewisse Dehnströmungen bewirkt die Zylindergeometrie nämlich ein „Überschießen“ in der vorausgesagten Druckfunktion, der in der zugeordneten Normalspannungsdifferenz für eine entsprechende stationäre Dehnströmung beir 0 nicht zu beobachten ist. Wenn die Zeit seit Einsetzen einer inhomogenen Dehnströmung groß wird, so wird das Verhältnis der Schlauchwanddicke zum äußeren Radius des Schlauches kleiner, und die vorausgesagten Kraft- und Druckfunktionen nähern sich Werten, die für die entsprechende stationäre Dehnströmung beir 0〉 vorausgesagt werden, vorausgesetzt, daß die eine Dehngeschwindigkeit einen kritischen Wert nicht überschreitet. Unter diesen Bedingungen können die Normalspannungsunterschiede für die stationäre Dehnströmung beir 0 ungefähr durch experimentelle Messungen von Druckunterschied und Axialkraft bestimmt werden. Die oben erwähnte Einschränkung für die eine Dehngeschwindigkeit weist darauf hin, daß es nicht immer gerechtfertigt ist, anzunehmen, daß der Einfluß der Zylindergeometrie auf die an der Oberfläche gemessenen Kräfte abnimmt. wenn das Verhältnis von Schlauchwanddicke zum äußeren Radius kleiner wird.
    Notes: Summary The simultaneous inflation and extension of a tube is investigated as a method for conducting elongational flow experiments. This generally unsteady inhomogeneous deformation is restricted so that the material particles at the outer radius of the tube (r 0 ) experience steady elongational flow. The solution to the stress equations of motion, including inertia and interfacial tension, is given for a tube made of an incompressible, isotropic simple material. This solution is used to relate the contributions of interfacial tension, inertia and the normal stress differences to two measurable surface tractions: the pressure difference across the tube wall and the axial force on the ends of the tube. Explicit predictions for dimensionless force and pressure functions (related to the axial force and pressure difference) are obtained using a simplified form ofLodge's rubberlike liquid constitutive equation to evaluate the integrals containing the normal stress differences. For typical elongational flow experiments with high-viscosity materials, the contribution of inertia and interfacial tension to the predicted force and pressure functions is negligible, but the effect of the cylindrical geometry is significant, except for uniaxial elongation which is a homogeneous flow. For certain elongational flows the cylindrical geometry causes an “overshoot” in the predicted pressure function which is not observed in the related normal stress difference for the corresponding steady elongational flow atr 0 . As the time since the inception of any inhomogeneous elongational flow increases, the ratio of the tube wall thickness to the outer radius of the tube decreases and the force and pressure functions approach values predicted for the corresponding steady elongational flow atr 0 , provided that a critical value of one strain rate is not exceeded. Under these conditions the normal stress differences for the steady elongational flow atr 0 can be determined approximately from experimental measurements of the pressure difference and axial force. The restriction on one strain rate noted above indicates that it is not always valid to assume that the effect of the cylindrical geometry on the measured surface tractions decreases as the ratio of the tube wall thickness to the outer radius decreases.
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