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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clear Sky Visibility as a Challenge for Society (1994)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Environment and Resources 19 (1994), S. 241-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1056-3466
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.eg.19.110194.001325
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indoor/outdoor relationships for PM2.5 and associated carbonaceous pollutants at residential homes in Hong Kong – case study (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Indoor air 15 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00336.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aspects of coiled tube heat transfer (1984)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 18 (1984), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, daß der Wärmeaustausch in gebogenen Rohren gegenüber herkömmlichen Strömungen vergrößert werden kann. Für pulsierende Strömungen werden Steigungen von mehr als 20%, für Einlaufströmungen von maximal 60% beobachtet.
    Notes: Abstract Enhancement of heat transfer performance, beyond that normally achieved in curved tube flows, is demonstrated for pulsatile flows and for developing flows. In the former, increases of greater than 20% are obtained and in the latter, a maximum increase of 60% is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007132
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of melt-texture growth YBCO samples using a simple muffle furnace (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 6 (1993), S. 365-372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In our previous work we showed that gradients of temperatureT inside the heating chamber and∂T/∂t are the necessary conditions for growing oriented crystal layers inside bulk samples. Using a simple muffle furnace, we have successfully fabricated “layers” of YBCO samples. Powder layers of Y-123 and Y-211 in different structures were compressed to make sample pellets before heat treatment in order to create internal temperature gradients inside the samples when they were heated. SEM observation proved that the crystal layers grew from both the top and bottom surfaces of the sample independently of the original powder layers before heat treatment. Moreover, we found that the crystal layers are not “true layers” but “bulk crystal with gap lines.” EDX analysis confirmed that the 123 and 211 phases coexist in almost all of the samples. Using the concept of internal temperature gradients, we show that it is possible to carry out modified melt-texture growth even in a muffle furnace.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617973
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin of melt-texture crystal growth process in a simple tube furnace (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 6 (1993), S. 247-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: Melt-texture growth ; YBa2Cu3O7−δ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The melt-texture growth (MTG) method has been shown to be effective in fabricating high-T csuperconducting bulk samples with highly oriented layers of single crystals. The critical current densityJ cof the typical samples are enhanced significantly. Furthermore, making use of the nonzero spatial temperature gradient at certain locations of a common tube furnace, we fabricated Y-123 bulk samples with various dopants allowingJ cup to ≈3.0×104 A cm−2 in our recent investigations. We followed up our project by analyzing the relations among the crucial parameters involved in the modified version of the MTG process. These parameters include the temperature gradient, the time rate of change of temperature, the “growth front” of the crystal, etc. Our study indicates that some of the empty space regions that appear between layers are only shallow “gap lines.” True layers of single crystals do exist, and we present an explanation for the growth of crystal layers along special directions as observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626265
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of HgBa2CuO x superconductor under atmospheric pressure (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 9 (1996), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report a simple and safe technology where rather pure Hg-1201 phase superconducting bulk samples can be fabricated. The pellet was heated at about 700°C for only 30 min in open air under atmospheric pressure. We have found that a dehydration process (heating for 20 h at 250°C) is a crucial procedure for success in forming the Hg-1201 phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00728423
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On crystal alignment in polycrystalline YBCO materials based on TEM observation (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 6 (1993), S. 327-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: YBa2Cu3O7−δ ; transmission electron microscope ; grain alignment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Previously, we have observed that parallel lattice fringes show up regularly in MTG samples, indicative of good alignment of unit cells in strips of size ∼ 100 nm × a few times 100 nm. We have prepared films (∼ 80 nm) for TEM observation using YBCO material fabricated by the conventional solid-state reaction method in order to study the crystal texture in a length scale from a few 100 nm down to ∼3 Å. Parallel lattice fringes are observed to stretch across a cross-section ∼0.3×0.5 μm2. Cross lattice fringes intersecting at 90° and 45° are observed as rare events. This result suggests that the degree of alignment in the crystal texture is higher than expected inside a grain of size ∼ a few μm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617480
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt-textured Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O11 bulk superconductors fabricated in a simple tube furnace (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 964-969 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Using the simplified version of the melt-textured growth (MTG) technology with a simple tube furnace, we have fabricated superconductors satisfying the nominal composition Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O11. We would note that the material used in the fabrication was prepared by mixing a precursor Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Cu3O x and CaO powder. This two step technique was found to be superior to the single step solid state reaction method after many trials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) morphologies show that the melt-textured bulk samples are made up of stacks of highly textured single crystal-like layers. X-ray analysis as well as d.c. magnetization measurements were carried out and theJ c value was found to be 1.3×103 A cm−2 at 77 K using the Bean model. At this stage, thoughJ c is not so high as that of the best samples obtained from other complicated methods involving special (hot) pressing and sintering techniques, we do not need to apply any mechanical treatment at or after the heating procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01178431
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the spatial distribution of Y2BaCuO5 inclusions in large-grain YBa2Cu3O7-δ (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 33 (1998), S. 1083-1089 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract High values of critical current density, Jc, in large-grain superconducting melt-processed YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO, Y-123) have been reported to correlate closely with the distribution of Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211) particles in the Y-123 phase matrix. Extensive image analysis of the homogeneity of the Y-211 particle distribution in a large-grain sample has been performed on high-resolution, secondary scanning electron micrographs of seeded melt-processed YBCO. The variation of key parameters, such as area fraction, number density and size along the a/b axis of the Y-123 grain has been investigated in detail as a function of distance from the centre of the seed. Both area fraction and number density of Y-211 particles are observed to increase continuously with distance, whereas the mean and standard deviation of the size distribution decrease slightly towards the grain boundary. This suggests that the increase in area fraction can be attributed to an increase in number density of the Y-211 particle distribution along the a/b axis of the specimen. The implications for Y-211 particle pushing, ripening and coalescence are discussed in the light of these results. © 1998 Chapman & Hall
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004392602238
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    YBa2Cu3Oy phase distribution in twin domains sized 200 nm × 200 nm in the MTG YBCO superconductor (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 13 (1994), S. 1650-1653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00704530
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