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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-crystal structure analysis of a novel aryl phosphinate diglycidyl ether (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 525-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of 10-[2,5-bis(2,3-epoxy-1-propoxy)phenyl]-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthren-10-one has been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The unit cell of C24H21O6P, Mr = 436.4, is triclinic, P1¯, with a = 8.507 (3), b = 10.613 (4), c = 12.457 (3) Å, α = 80.05 (3), β = 71.38 (2), γ = 76.69 (3)°, V = 1031.1 (6) Å3, Z = 2, Dx = 1.406 Mg m−3 and μ(Mo Kα) = 0.17 mm−1. The final R (wR) is 0.063 (0.057) {w = 1/[σ2(F) + 0.0004F2]} for 3619 unique reflections measured at 295 K. The aryl phosphinate group bonded to the central phenyl ring comes close to one of the two glycidyl ether groups, the epoxide ring of which is ordered. The epoxide ring far from the aryl phosphinate group is disordered. The NMR chemical shifts of the protons of the glycidyl ether group close to the aryl phosphinate group are reduced by the `ring-current effect'.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S010876819900018X
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel flame retardant epoxy resins I: Synthesis, characterization, and properties of aryl phosphinate epoxy ether cured with diamine (1998)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 41 (1998), S. 45-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A novel aryl phosphinate epoxy ether, 10-(2',5'-bis(glycidyloxy)phenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DHQEP), was synthesized. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by mass, FTIR, 1H, 13C, 31P-NMR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, and X-ray single crystal analysis. In addition, compositions of DHQEP with common curing agents, e.g., 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), and dicyanodiamide (DICY), were studied to compare their thermal and flame resistance with that of commercial epoxy resins. The aryl phosphinate epoxy-resin composites exhibited excellent thermal properties and a quite high limiting oxygen index (LOI) value as well as high char yield. Aryl phosphinate epoxy ether is shown to be an effective flame retardant and thermal stabilizer for epoxy resins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050331
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The words from the publisher (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 1 (1994), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01378586
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crosslinking of silicone modified polyamideimide (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 1 (1994), S. 85-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Structure of PAI ; Silicon modified ; Cross-linking ; Thermal property
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Prepolymers of polyamide-imide was synthesized with excess MDI and TMA in NMP. The resulting isocyanate terminated prepolymers mixed with silicon compound were heated. The chemical reaction and properties of the resulting polymers are studied with IR, NMR, TGA as well as dynamic mechanical measurement. Observation of experiments reveals that the addition of γ-APS enhances the crosslinking. The modified polyamide-imides exhibit excellent adhesion on glass. And the activation energy of cross-linking reaction as measured from DSC is 72 KJ/mole. The drastic weight loss of the post cured polymer took place at 500°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01378598
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of polyarylate through interfacial polycondensation by use of glycolyzed products of poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycolysis with bisphenol-a (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 4 (1997), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Polyarylate ; PET glycolysis ; Bisphenol-A interfacial ; PC blending
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The glycolysis of poly (ethylene-terephthalate) with bisphenol-A at certain ratios of PET/BPA was carried out in an autoclave reactor at different temperatures for varying periods of time. Then the glycolyzed products were utilized together with bisphenol-A for the synthesis of polyarylates through interfacial polycondensation. The polyarylates obtained (referred to as b/g-polyarylates in this article) possess good thermal characteristics but have lower mechanical strength than typical polyarylate synthesized from pure bisphenol-A by use of the same method. Blending the b/g-polyarylate with polycarbonate improved the impact strength significantly. As a whole, glycolysis with bisphenol-A followed by synthesis of polyarylate through interfacial polycondensation provided a feasible route for the reuse of poly(ethylene terephthalate).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0002-6
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical properties and shrinkage of epoxy resins cured with lactams (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 4 (1997), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Epoxy ; Lactam ; Copolymer ; Shrinkage ; Physical properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to reduce the shrinkage of epoxy resin during the curing process, lactam is incorporated into epoxy in a copolymerization reaction. In this study, various amounts of lactams and BF3-MEA were added to epoxy, and the volume shrinkage of polymerization was investigated. It was found that shrinkage decreases with the increase of the lactam content and with the lactam ring size as well. Infrared spectroscopic analysis, scanning electronic microscopic analysis, and mechanical tests were used to investigate the structure and properties of the copolymers. The results show that the incorporation of caprolactam leads to an increase in tensile strength and elongation, but the Izod impact strength is not improved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0009-z
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, characterization, thermal and flame retardant properties of novel aryl phosphinate diglycidyl ether cured with anhydride (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 5 (1998), S. 59-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Diglycidyl ether ; Phosphorus-containing epoxy resin ; Char yield ; Limiting oxygen index ; Flame-retardant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A novel aryl phosphinate diglycidyl ether, 10-(2′,5′-diglycidyl ether phenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-l0-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DHQEP), was synthesized. The structure of the diglycidyl ether was characterized by elemental analysis, mass, FTIR, 1H, 13C, 31P NMR spectroscopies and X-ray single crystal analysis. In addition, compositions of the diglycidyl ether with three curing agents, e.g. phthalic anhydride (PA), hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA), and aryl phosphinate anhydride (DMSA), were used for making a comparison of its heat and flame retardancy with that of DER331 and DEN438. The resulting aryl phosphinate epoxy-resin composites demonstrated a higher limiting oxygen index (LOT) value as well as a higher char yield, confirming the effectiveness of aryl phosphinate epoxide as a flame retardant for epoxy resins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10965-006-0041-z
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid permeation of organic mixture by surface-modified polyethylene membrane (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 2 (1995), S. 55-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: LLDPE ; UV-CS2 oxidation ; Toluene-methanol ; Toluene-isopropanol ; Pervaporation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Linear low-density polyethylene membranes were prepared by a casting method. IN order to modify the surface, the membrane was irradiated with UV light. In an atmosphere of carbon disulfide vapor, multiple internal reflection spectra observations showed that the surface of membrane had a carbonyl group. The casted membrane is an asymmetric membrane. When the flat surfce of membrane faces the upstream side, the flux of the membrane is twice as that of the other surface of membrane. From the comparision of the pervaporation characteristics of casted membrane and blown film, the crystallinity of membrane affects the separation factor and flux of the membrane. The higher the crystallinity of the membrane, the better the selectivity, and the poorer the flux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01493434
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The kinetics of diethylene glycol formation in the preparation of polyethylene terephthalate (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 3073-3080 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: direct esterification ; BHET ; EG ; DEG ; OH reactivity ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For revealing diethylene glycol (DEG) formation in poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) synthesis, this research focused on finding the stage most critical for DEG formation. It is found that the esterification stage was the most critical stage for DEG formation during production of PET through the direct esterification process. In addition, the kinetics of the formation of DEG (ether bond), which is mainly produced from hydroxyl end groups of ethylene glycol (EG) and bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) oligomer, was investigated. The results show that the reactivity of BHET-OH functional group is greater than that of EG-OH functional group in the reaction to produce ether bonds. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 3073-3080, 1998
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of TPA addition at the initial feed on DEG formation in the preparation of PET and the kinetics of ethylene glycol with protons in the etherification reaction (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 3081-3087 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: TPA ; mol ratio ; DEG ; kinetics ; protons ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This research focused on studies of the effect of terephthalic acid (TPA) addition at the initial feed on diethylene glycol formation (DEG) in the process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) preparation. Experimental results show that, when the mol ratio of ethylene glycol (EG) with TPA ranges from 1.0 to 1.3, the greater the amount of TPA added at the initial feed, the more DEG formed, and the greater the suppression of the rate of esterification and polymerization. In addition, the kinetics of EG with protons in the etherification reaction was considered in the study. It is found that, during the etherification reaction, the reactivity of hydroxyl end groups with ether bonds is higher than that of hydroxyl end groups on their own, and the activation energy of EG with protons is much lower than that of pure EG on its own. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 3081-3087, 1998
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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