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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 4254-4256 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Based on the fundamental thermodynamical relations for surface phases given by Guggenheim and the rigorous discussions by Vochten, Petre, and Defay, the reversible entropy and enthalpy differences for the amphiphile molecules in between the adsorbed surface and the bulk phases of solution were derived and calculated respectively. The entropy of the amphiphile solutes at the interface is lower than that in the bulk when the adsorption is below saturation. However, when the adsorption approaches saturation the entropy difference becomes either zero or positive. These features can be reasonably explained by the adsorption-orientation effect of the amphiphile solute molecules in the interfacial adsorbed layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 224 (1994), S. 595-601 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2212-2214 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A focused ion/electron beam system has been constructed by introducing a dual ion/electron point source into an optical column of electrostatic lenses. Ions are extracted from a W needle covered by liquid In while electrons are from the same source after the In has been in situ solidified. The switching between ion and electron beam is achieved by exchanging the polarity of the potentials applied to the electrodes. In comparison to the ion emission, the electron emission appears to exhibit narrower angular distribution but larger intensity fluctuation and emission point migration. Despite the undesirable features in the electron source, the first operation of the focused ion/electron beam system has demonstrated the potential of a dual-beam single-column system. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stable field-induced electron emission is derived from a tungsten tip covered by indium which has been solidified from its liquid state during an ion emission process. By choosing different ion emission currents at the beginning of the solidification process, the final geometry of the solidified emitter can be reshaped and the characteristics of the electron emission changed. The Fowler–Nordheim equation is used to infer the geometry of the electron emitter prepared by various solidification processes. The dual ion/electron point source is expected to have high potential applications in focused ion and electron beam technologies. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 2266-2268 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structure of laser-induced refractory-metal-free C40 TiSi2 has been studied by glancing-angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD) in detail. The result shows that laser-induced C40 TiSi2 has a hexagonal structure with the P6222 space group and lattice parameters a=0.467 nm and c=0.662 nm. The ordering effect and the stress effect on the TiSi2 film are also discussed based on the GAXRD and micro-Raman results. The C40 phase completely transforms to the technologically important C54 phase at a relatively low temperature of 700 °C. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface Science Letters 287-288 (1993), S. A420 
    ISSN: 0167-2584
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 2 (1995), S. 115-120 
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Aryl-connected carbamate (Ar-carbamate) ; Alkyl-connected carbamate (Al-carbamate) ; Epoxide group ; Tertiary amine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of carbamate (urethane) groups on the curing reaction of an epoxy catalyzed by tertiary amine was studied by infrared (IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. It was found that the aromatic-connected carbamate (Ar-carbamate) accelerated the consumption rate of epoxy in the epoxy/tertiary amine/Ar-carbamate reaction system, where the tertiary amine and Ar-carbamate was found to form an active complex with stoichiometric ratio in the curing reaction. However, under the introduction of aliphatic-connected carbamate (Al-carbamate) into the reaction system, no complex formed with the tertiary amine during the reaction and therefore no acceleration in the reaction rate was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 6 (1999), S. 35-40 
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Segmented polyurethanes ; Shape memory behavior ; Maxwell model ; Relaxation ; WLF equation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A modified mechanical-viscoelastic model with two Maxwell models in parallel is proposed to describe the shape memory behavior of segmented polyurethanes (PUs). Based on the view of viscoelasticity, the influence of the fixed phase (hard segment) and the reversible phase (soft segment) on the shape memory effect is studied. The WLF equation is adopted to describe the relationship between the viscosity of the reversible phase and the temperature by using the selected reference temperature and the adjustable parameters. The parameters of the WLF equation are dependent on the M.W. of the soft segment of PUs. Finally, the model could properly describe the mechanism of shape memory behavior of segmented PUs. Moreover, the change of the recoverable curve of the deformed model is similar to that of experimental datapoints.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of polymer research 3 (1996), S. 83-88 
    ISSN: 1572-8935
    Keywords: Poly(ether ether ketone) ; Poly(ether ether ether ketone)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A series of modified poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) polymers were synthesized by introduction of addition ether groups from dihydroxydiphenyl ether (DHDE) into the PEEK structure. The inherent viscosity of the DHDE-modified PEEK increased with reaction time at 320 °C. DSC thermograms showed the melting points of the obtained PEEK decreased with the increase of the DHDE content in the backbone. The degradation temperature (Td) was slightly decreased by the introduction of DHDE. The crystallinity as measured via the X-ray diffraction (XRD) increases with the introduction of DHDE into the modified PEEK. The crystalline structure was identified as an orthorhombic structure with lattice constants a = 7.72 Å, b = 5.86 Å, and c = 10.24 Å. Due to the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the melting temperature (Tm) decreasing with the increase of the DHDE content in the reaction system. the processability of the resultant PEEK could be improved through this DHDE modification.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 2785-2797 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Chemical and physical behavior of the oil soluble phenolic resins in phenolic varnish films were investigated by means of dynamic-mechanical measurement, infrared spectra, and M̄c measurement. The viscoelastic property of phenolic varnish films or increase in (Tg)d due to the addition of resin is the same regardless of the types of phenolic resin (oil-reactive or oil-nonreactive) employed, and despite the lower reactivity of the oil-nonreactive phenolic resin in the cooking stage. A reaction takes place between the oil-nonreactive phenolic resin and drying oil in the course of autoxidation and proceeds in aging, resulting in a network in which the phenolic resin is the backbone. Both the crosslinking and filling of resin were effective in increasing the (Tg)d of the films; crosslinking is the better method as it results in films having a smaller acetone-extractable portion.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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