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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2018-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0141-1136
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0291
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-01-17
    Description: Analyses of foraminiferal assemblages have often been implemented on dry samples, which are easy to split. In some cases, the wet-picking method is preferred as it allows the preservation of more foraminiferal forms and facilitates the picking of live foraminifera. However, the increased execution time needed for wet picking may cause micropalaeontologists to refrain from employing it in a routine way. Here we present an improved and cost-effective wet splitter (including a 3-D printing file) for micropalaeontological samples aimed to reduce picking time while keeping information loss to a minimum. We demonstrate small sample losses as well as statistical consistency across splits. We show that the time saved picking a subset will always be larger than the relative increase in statistical uncertainty.
    Print ISSN: 0262-821X
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4978
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of Micropalaeontological Society.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-10-07
    Description: The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting the environmental conditions for the respective period. The largest changes occurred around 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low diversity fauna dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and abundance and dominance of the Elphidium species. Concurrently, the grain-size distribution shifted from clayey to sandier sediment. To explore the causes of the environmental changes, we used time series of reconstructed wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index as well as the ECOSMO II model of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area after the 1950s. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (
    Print ISSN: 1726-4170
    Electronic ISSN: 1726-4189
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 4
  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-12
    Description: The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in e.g. nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last c. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, organic matter content, and pollution levels, using benthic foraminifera and sediment geochemistry. Five zones with characteristic foraminiferal assemblages were identified, each reflecting the environmental conditions for respective period. The largest changes occurred ~ 1950, when the foraminiferal assemblage shifted from a low diversity fauna, dominated by the species Stainforthia fusiformis to higher diversity and abundance, and dominance of the Elphidium group. Concurrently, the grain-size distribution shifted from clayey – to more sandy sediment. To explore the causes for the environmental changes, we used time-series of reconstructed wind conditions coupled with large-scale climate variations as recorded by the NAO index, as well as the ECOSMO II model of currents in the Öresund area. The results indicate increased changes in the water circulation towards stronger currents in the area since the 1950's. The foraminiferal fauna responded quickly (
    Print ISSN: 1810-6277
    Electronic ISSN: 1810-6285
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-07-11
    Description: The stations were sampled along the French Mediterranean coast in spring (March-April) 2012 onboard the RV Europe. Bottom sediment at 36 stations (between 10 and 71 m water depth) was sampled using a Reineck box-corer. Three replicates (“a”, “b”, “c”; different box-corer launches) were done at each station. Each box-corer was sub-cored with a 7.4 cm diameter tube. Only the first top centimetre was preserved in 96% ethanol and stained with 2 g/L Rose Bengal. At the laboratory, after minimum two weeks each sample was washed through four sieves of 63, 125, 150, and 500 µm mesh sizes. Living (stained) benthic foraminifera from the 125-150 µm and 150-500 µm were collected under stereomicroscope and preserved in micropaleontological slides. Taxonomical recognition was done to the species level. The presented data in the table indicate the raw densities of foraminifera sorted per sample. The exact volume of sampled sediment was measured for each sample.
    Keywords: abundance data; Adelosina elegans; Adelosina ferussaci; Adelosina longirostra; Adelosina sp.; Agde Est; Ajaccio Nord; Ajaccio Sud; Aléria (Tavignano); Ammodiscus planus; Ammoglobigerina globigeriniformis; Ammonia beccarii forma beccarii; Ammonia parkinsoniana forma tepida; Ammonia perlucida; Ammonia sp.; Ammoscalaria pseudospiralis; Ammoscalaria sp.; Ammoscalaria tenuimargo; Amphicoryna scalaris; Antibes Nord; Antibes Sud; Articulina sp.; Astacolus insolitus; Astacolus sp.; Asterigerinata mamilla; Astrononion stelligerum; Bastia Sud 2; BCR; Beauduc; Benthic foraminifera; Bigenerina nodosaria; Biloculinella cylindrica; Biloculinella inflata; Biloculinella irregularis; Biloculinella labiata; Bolivina dilatata; Bolivina pseudoplicata; Bolivina pygmaea; Bolivina spathulata; Bolivina spp.; Bolivina striatula; Bonifacio; Box corer (Reineck); Buccella granulata; Buccella sp.; Bulimina aculeata forma aculeata; Bulimina aculeata forma elongata; Bulimina aculeata forma gibba; Bulimina costata; Bulimina marginata; Bulimina sp.; Calvi (Revellata); Canari; Cancris auriculus; Cap Canaille; Cargèse; Carpenteria sp.; Carry; Carteau; Cassidulina carinata; Cassidulina oblonga; Cassidulinoides bradyi; Chilostomella oolina; Cibicidella variabilis; Cibicides lobatulus; Cibicides refulgens; Cibicides sp.; Clavulina cylindrica; Collioure; Core diameter; Cornuspira foliacea; Cornuspira involvens; Coryphostoma sp.; Cribrostomoides sp.; Cribrostomoides subglobosum; Cycloforina sp.; Cycloforina tenuicollis; Date/Time of event; DCE_3-1; DCE_3-1_Agde_Est; DCE_3-1_Ajaccio_Nord; DCE_3-1_Ajaccio_Sud; DCE_3-1_Aleria; DCE_3-1_Antibes_Nord; DCE_3-1_Antibes_Sud; DCE_3-1_Bastia_Sud_2; DCE_3-1_Beauduc; DCE_3-1_Bonifacio; DCE_3-1_Calvi; DCE_3-1_Canari; DCE_3-1_Cargese; DCE_3-1_Carry; DCE_3-1_Carteau; DCE_3-1_Collioure; DCE_3-1_Faraman; DCE_3-1_Figari_Bruzzi; DCE_3-1_Fos; DCE_3-1_Frejus; DCE_3-1_Grau_du_Roi; DCE_3-1_Gruissan; DCE_3-1_Ile_Plane; DCE_3-1_Lavandou; DCE_3-1_Leucate; DCE_3-1_Menton; DCE_3-1_Nice_Ville; DCE_3-1_Pampelonne; DCE_3-1_Porquerolles; DCE_3-1_Saint_Florent; DCE_3-1_Santa_Giulia; DCE_3-1_Sete; DCE_3-1_Toulon_Grande_Rade_1; DCE_3-1_Villefranche; DCE_3-2; DCE_3-2_Cap_Canaille; DCE_3-2_Ile_Embiez; DCE_3-2_Ile_Maire; Dentalina bradyensis; Dentalina sp.; Dentalina subsoluta; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Eggerella scabra; Elevation of event; Elphidium aculeatum; Elphidium advenum; Elphidium complanatum; Elphidium crispum; Elphidium granosum; Elphidium incertum; Elphidium macellum; Elphidium poeyanum forma decipiens; Elphidium sp.; Europe; Event label; Faraman; Figari Bruzzi; Fissurina lagenoides; Fissurina orbignyana; Fissurina sp.; Fissurina spp.; Fissurina staphyllearia; Floresina durrandi; Foraminifera, benthic agglutinated indeterminata; Foraminifera, benthic hyaline, indeterminata; Foraminifera, benthic porcelaneous indeterminata; foraminiferal assemblages; Fos; Fréjus (St Raphael); Gavelinopsis praegeri; Gavelinopsis sp.; Glabratella erecta; Glabratella hexacamerata; Glandulina laevigata; Glandulina sp.; Globobulimina affinis; Globobulimina sp.; Glomospira gordialis; Glomospira sp.; Grau du Roi; Gruissan; Gyroidina orbicularis; Gyroidina sp.; Gyroidina umbonata; Hanzawaia boueana; Haplophragmoides canariensis; Haplophragmoides sp.; Hauerina sp.; Haynesina germanica; Haynesina sp.; Hoeglundina elegans; Hormosinella guttifera; Hyalinonetrion gracillimum; Ile Embiez; Ile Maire; Ile Plane; Labrospira kosterensis; Lagena elongata; Lagena hexagona; Lagenammina atlantica; Lagenammina difflugiformis; Lagena semistriata; Lagena sp.; Lagena spp.; Lagena striata; Lagena sulcata; Latitude of event; Lavandou; Lenticulina calcar; Lenticulina peregrina; Lenticulina sp.; Lenticulina vortex; Leptohalysis scotti; Leucate; Living compartment; Longitude of event; Mediterranean; Mediterranean Sea France; Melonis barleeanus; Melonis sp.; Menton; Method comment; Miliammina fusca; Miliolida; Miliolinella semicostata; Miliolinella sp.; Miliolinella subrotunda; Miliolinella webbiana; Neoconorbina sp.; Neoconorbina terquemi; Nice Ville; Nodosaria cf raphanus; Nodosaria sp.; Nonion depressulum; Nonionella sp.; Nonionella stella; Nonionella turgida; Nonion scaphum; Nonion sp.; Nouria cf. polymorphinoides; Nouria polymorphinoides; Nubecularia lucifuga; Oolina hexagona; Optional event label; Pampelonne; Parasorites marginalis; Patellina corrugata; Peneroplis pertusus; Planorbulina mediterranensis; Polymorphina sp.; Porquerolles; Psammosphaera fusca; Psammosphaera sp.; Pseudoeponides falsobeccarii; Pseudohauerina sp.; Pseudotriloculina cyclostoma; Pyrgo anomala; Pyrgo depressa; Pyrgo elongata; Pyrgo sphaera; Quinqueloculina aspera; Quinqueloculina bosciana; Quinqueloculina cf. laevigata; Quinqueloculina costata; Quinqueloculina eburnea; Quinqueloculina laevigata; Quinqueloculina lamarckiana; Quinqueloculina pygmaea; Quinqueloculina seminulum; Quinqueloculina sp.; Quinqueloculina spp.; Quinqueloculina stalkeri; Quinqueloculina stelligera; Rectuvigerina phlegeri; Recurvoides sp.; Reophax bilocularis; Reophax dentaliniformis; Reophax fusiformis; Reophax micaceus; Reophax scorpiurus; Reophax sp.; Reophax subfusiformis; Replicate; Reussella spinulosa; Robertinoides bradyi; Rosalina bradyi; Rosalina globularis; Rosalina sp.; Rosalina vilardeboana; Rose Bengal-stained; Saccammina sp.; Saint Florent; Sample volume; Santa Giulia; Scutuloris sp.; Sète; Sigmoilina grata; Sigmoilina sp.; Sigmoilinita sp.; Siphonina reticulata; Siphotextularia concava; Size fraction; Spirillina sp.; Spirillina tuberculata; Spirillina vivipara; Spiroloculina elevata; Spiroloculina excavata; Spiroloculina grateloupi; Spiroloculina sp.; Spiroloculina tenuiseptata; Stainforthia fusiformis; Stereomicroscopy; Stomatorbina concentrica; Technitella legumen; Textularia agglutinans; Textularia conica; Textularia porrecta; Textularia sagittula; Toulon Grande Rade 1; Tretomphalus concinnus; Trifarina angulosa; Trifarina carinata; Triloculina bermudezi; Triloculina oblonga; Triloculina sp.; Triloculina tricarinata; Triloculina trigonula; Tritaxis sp.; Trochammina ochracea; Trochammina sp.; Trochamminula sp.; Usbekistania charoides; Valvulineria bradyana; Valvulineria sp.; Vertebralina striata; Villefranche; Webbinella hemisphaerica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 50964 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Large Benthic Foraminifera are a crucial component of coral-reef ecosystems, which are currently threatened by ocean acidification. We conducted culture experiments to evaluate the impact of low pH on survival and test dissolution of the symbiont-bearing species Peneroplis spp., and to observe potential calcification recovery when specimens are placed back under reference pH value (7.9). We found that Peneroplis spp. displayed living activity up to 3 days at pH 6.9 (Omega cal 〈 1) or up to 1 month at pH 7.4 (Omega cal 〉 1), despite the dark and unfed conditions. Dissolution features were observed under low Omega cal values, such as changes in test density, peeled extrados layers, and decalcified tests with exposed organic linings. A new calcification phase started when specimens were placed back at reference pH. This calcification's resumption was an addition of new chambers without reparation of the dissolved parts, which is consistent with the porcelaneous calcification pathway of Peneroplis spp. The most decalcified specimens displayed a strong survival response by adding up to 8 new chambers, and the contribution of food supply in this process was highlighted. These results suggest that porcelaneous LBF species have some recovery abilities to short exposure (e.g., 3 days to 1 month) to acidified conditions. However, the geochemical signature of trace elements in the new calcite was impacted, and the majority of the new chambers were distorted and resulted in abnormal tests, which might hinder the specimens' reproduction and thus their survival on the long term.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Boron/Calcium ratio; Boron/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calcium; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Density; EXP; Experiment; Experiment day; Foraminifera; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Heterotrophic prokaryotes; Identification; Ikeijima_Island; Laboratory experiment; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Manganese/Calcium ratio; Manganese/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Peneroplis sp.; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Replicate; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Strontium/Calcium ratio; Strontium/Calcium ratio, standard deviation; Temperate; Temperature, water; Treatment; Treatment: pH; Type; Zinc/Calcium ratio; Zinc/Calcium ratio, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 618 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Coastal ecosystems are subjected to both large natural variability and increasing anthropogenic impact on environmental parameters such as changes in salinity, temperature, and pH. This study documents the distribution of living benthic foraminifera under the influence of multiple environmental stressors in the Skagerrak-Baltic Sea region. Sediment core tops were studied at five sites along a transect from the Skagerrak to the Baltic Sea, with strong environmental gradients, especially in terms of salinity, pH, calcium carbonate saturation and dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom water and pore water. We found that living foraminiferal densities and species richness were higher at the Skagerrak station, where the general living conditions were relatively beneficial for Foraminifera, with higher salinity and Ωcalc in the water column and higher pH and oxygen concentration in the bottom and pore water. The most common species reported at each station reflect the differences in the environmental conditions between the stations. The dominant species were Cassidulina laevigata and Hyalinea balthica in the Skagerrak, Stainforthia fusiformis, Nonionella aff. stella and Nonionoides turgida in the Kattegat and N. aff. stella and Nonionellina labradorica in the Öresund. The most adverse conditions, such as low salinity, low Ωcalc, low dissolved oxygen concentrations and low pH, were noted at the Baltic Sea stations, where the calcareous tests of the dominant living taxa Ammonia spp. and Elphidium spp. were partially to completely dissolved, probably due to a combination of different stressors affecting the required energy for biomineralization. Even though Foraminifera are able to live in extremely varying environmental conditions, the present results suggest that the benthic coastal ecosystems in the studied region, which are apparently affected by an increase in the range of environmental variability, will probably be even more influenced by a future increase in anthropogenic impacts, including coastal ocean acidification and deoxygenation.
    Keywords: Abundance; Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Baltic Sea; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; DEPTH, water; Entire community; Field observation; Foraminifera, benthic; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oxygen; Oxygen penetration depth; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Potentiometric titration; Salinity; Shannon Diversity Index; Soft-bottom community; Species; Species richness; Spectrophotometric; Station label; Temperate; Temperature, water; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4016 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-02-19
    Description: 〈jats:p〉Human activities in coastal areas have intensified over the last 200 years, impacting also high-latitude regions such as the Baltic Sea. Benthic foraminifera, protists often with calcite shells (tests), are typically well preserved in marine sediments and known to record past bottom-water conditions. Morphological analyses of marine shells acquired by microcomputed tomography (µCT) have made significant progress toward a better understanding of recent environmental changes. However, limited access to data processing and a lack of guidelines persist when using open-source software adaptable to different microfossil shapes. This study provides a post-data routine to analyze the entire test parameters: average thickness, calcite volume, calcite surface area, number of pores, pore density, and calcite surface area/volume ratio. A case study was used to illustrate this method: 3D time series (i.e., 4D) of 〈jats:italic〉Elphidium clavatum〈/jats:italic〉 specimens recording environmental conditions in the Baltic Sea entrance from the period early industrial (the 1800s) to present-day (the 2010 s). Long-term morphological trends in the foraminiferal record revealed that modern specimens have ∼28% thinner tests and ∼91% more pores than their historic counterparts. However, morphological variability between specimens and the BFAR (specimens cm〈jats:sup〉−2〈/jats:sup〉 yr〈jats:sup〉−1〈/jats:sup〉) in 〈jats:italic〉E. clavatum〈/jats:italic〉 were not always synchronous. While the BFAR remained unchanged, morphological variability was linked to natural environmental fluctuations in the early industrial period and the consequences of anthropogenic climate change in the 21st century. During the period 1940–2000 s, the variations in BFAR were synchronous with morphological variability, revealing both the effects of the increase in human activities and major hydrographic changes. Finally, our interpretations, based on 〈jats:italic〉E. clavatum〈/jats:italic〉 morphological variations, highlight environmental changes in the Baltic Sea area, supporting those documented by the foraminiferal assemblages.〈/jats:p〉
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-12-15
    Description: The lithium (Li) isotopic composition of carbonates is considered to be a reliable archive of past seawater Li isotopic compositions, which are useful as a tracer of silicate weathering. However, δ7Li values have been shown to be dependent on either pH or DIC in two studies using similar species of large, benthic foraminifera from the genus Amphistegina. To resolve this issue, we conducted culture experiments on Amphistegina lessonii in decoupled pH–DIC conditions, under two different light treatments, and with normal or Li-enriched seawater. The δ7Li values and Li/Ca ratios in the foraminifera tests were analysed by ion microprobe and LA-ICP-MS, respectively. No links between either the pH or DIC and δ7Li or Li/Ca values were observed for any of the treatments, and growth rates also did not seem to influence the Li incorporation or isotopic fractionation, contrary to observations from inorganic carbonate-precipitation experiments. Overall, these findings appear to support the use of Li isotopes in large benthic foraminifera to reconstruct past seawater chemistry and to infer changes in chemical weathering during carbon-cycle perturbations. Keywords: δ7Li; Li/Ca; lithium; large benthic foraminifera; culture experiments; pH; DIC; geochemical proxies
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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