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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Ice breakup on the Chena River 1975 and 1976 (1977)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-201-77/14
    In: CRREL Report, 77-14
    Description / Table of Contents: The breakup of the Chena River was observed and documented during the spring of 1975 and 1976. This study attempted to determine the potential for damage to the proposed Chena River flood control dam from ice and debris during breakup. Results of this study were compared to those of a 1974 companion study. In 1975, ice thickness were determined to be 15% thinner than in 1974 and ice volume was 33% smaller. No major ice floes were observed in 1975 and no significant flooding occurred, although the approaches to a bridge at the damsite were eroded by debris and high water immediately after breakup. The 1976 breakup was milder than that of 1975. Minor flooding in the lower river was caused by jamming of a few large ice pieces, but no property damage resulted.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 44 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-14
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9513
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Ice thickness and quantity Chronology of the 1975 Chena River breakup Checkpoint 3 Checkpoint 4 Checkpoint 5 Checkpoint 6 Checkpoint A Checkpoint 7 Checkpoint C Checkpoint D Checkpoint 8 Checkpoint 10 Checkpoint 11 Checkpoint 12 Spring flooding and debris The 1976 Chena River breakup Breakup in other years Summary and conclusions Appendix A. Sequential photographs of 1975 breakup at checkpoints 3-12
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  • 2
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Ice fog suppression using reinforced thin chemical films (1978)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-201-78/26
    In: CRREL Report, 78-26
    Description / Table of Contents: Ice fog suppression experiments on the Fort Wainwright Power Plant cooling pond were conducted during the winters of 1974-76. Baseline information studies occupied a sizable portion of the available ice fog weather in 1974-75. Then hexadecanol was added to the pond and dramatically improved visibility by reducing fog generated from water vapor released by the pond at -14 C. Although this temperature was not low enough to create ice fog, the cold vapor fog created was equally as devastating to visibility in the vicinity of the pond. During the winter of 1975-76, suppression tests were continued using films of hexadecanol, mixes of hexadecanol and octadecanol, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGME). Suppression effectiveness at colder temperatures was stuided and limits to the techniques were probed. A reinforcing grid was constructed that prevented breakup of the film by wind and water currents. Lifetime tests indicated that EGME degrades much more slowly than either hexadecanol or the hexadecanol-octadecanol mix. The films were found to be very effective fog reducers at warmer temperatures but still allowed 20% to 40% of normal evaporation to occur. The vapor thus produced was sufficient to create some ice fog at lower temperatures, but this ice fog occurred less frequently and was more quickly dispersed than the thick fog that was present before application of the films.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-26
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9456
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Ice fog from cooling ponds Evaporation Relative humidity and cold air Ice fog suppression Air movement Plastic films Rafts Injection wells Cooling towers Chemical films Reinforced film experiments Meteorological data collection Floating reinforcement grid Application of the hexadecanol film Hexadecanol, octadecanol mixes Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether Laboratory tests of suppression effectiveness Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Design for an automatic thin chemical film applicationsystem Appendix B. Meteorological data
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  • 3
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    Series available for loan
    Morphology, hydraulics and sediment transport of an ice-covered river : field techniques and initial data (1986)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-201-86/11
    In: CRREL Report, 86-11
    Description / Table of Contents: This initial study of the ice-covered Tanana River, near Fairbanks, Alaska, attempted to 1) establish field methods for systematic and repetitive quantitative analyses of an ice-covered river's regime, 2) evaluate the instruments and equipment for sampling, and 3) obtain the initial data of a long-term study of ice cover effects on the morphology, hydraulics and sediment transport of a braided river. A methodology was established, and detailed measurements and samplings, including profiling by geophysical techniques, were conducted along cross sections of the river. A small, portable rotary drill rig equipped with a 356-mm (14-in.) ice auger was used to cut large diameter holes in the ice cover for through-the-ice measurements. Portable heat sources and a heated shelter were required to continuously thaw and dry equipment for the repetitive measurements. Measurements included ice cover thickness, water level, water depth, temperature, flow velocity, suspended load and bed load, frazil ice distribution and bed material composition. Remotely gathered data included apparent resistivity and subsurface radar profiling. The various techniques, sampling gear and problems encountered during use in the subfreezing cold are described in detail in this report.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 49 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 86-11
    URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11681/9318
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Study objectives and field locale Study site Equipment Vehicles Drilling equipment Sampling equipment Geophysical equipment Shelter and icing control Surveying equipment Miscellaneous equipment Field techniques and methodology Logistics Drilling procedures Data collection Geophysical analyses Experiences summary Morphology, transport and hydraulic data Mid-winter physical characteristics Hydraulic characteristics Sediment transport Late winter physical characteristics Seasonal morphology Geophysical data interpretation Spatial morphology Frazil ice characteristics Discussion and conclusions Recommendations Equipment Research Literature cited
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  • 4
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Carboniferous and permian of the world : XIV ICCP proceedings (2002)
    Calgary, Alta. : Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: 9/M 07.0113
    In: Memoir
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 947 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 0920230008
    Series Statement: Memoir / Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists 19
    Classification:
    Historical Geology
    Location: Reading room
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  • 5
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    Series available for loan
    Snow pads used for pipeline construction in Alaska, 1976 : construction, use and breakup (1980)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-201-80/17
    In: CRREL Report, 80-17
    Description / Table of Contents: Construction pads made of snow were used to build two sections of the Trans Alaska Pipeline and a small gas pipeline during the winter of 1975-76. Construction during the winter has become increasingly common in the Arctic. Surface travel and the use of heavy construction equipment on the unprotected tundra have been severely restricted, even during the winter, so the use of temporary winter roads and construction pads built of snow and ice has been advocated and is being adopted. The three snow construction pads mentioned above were the first snow roads and construction pads used on a large scale in Alaska. Snow roads and construction pads have two objectives: to protect the underlying vegetation and upper layers of the ground, and to provide a hard, smooth surface for travel and the operation of equipment. Several types have been built, and a brief discussion is given of their history and classification systems. The three snow construction pads used in construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline and the small gas pipeline in 1975-76 were visited and observed while in use. The Globe Creek snow pad, about 50 miles north of Fairbanks, was built primarily of manufactured snow hauled to the site and watered. With very high densities this pad withstood heavy traffic and use by heavy construction equipment except on one steep slope. There, the use of tracked vehicles and vehicles without front wheel drive disaggregated the snow on and near the surface so that vehicles without front wheel drive were unable to climb the hill. The Toolik snow pad, just north of the Brooks Range, was built of compacted snow and proved capable of supporting the heaviest traffic and construction equipment. The fuel gasline snow pad ran from the northern Brooks Range to the Arctic Coast and also proved capable of supporting the necessary traffic. Both the Toolik snow pad and the fuel gasline snow pad failed in very early May because of unseasonably warm and clear weather before the associated construction projects were completed. However, the three snow pads must be considered successful. Common problems were the lack of snow, slopes, unseasonably warm spring weather, and inexperience on the part of contractors and construction personnel.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 28 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 80-17
    URL: https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a090521.pdf
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction History of snow and ice roads Classification of snow and ice roads Snow pads used by Alyeska during the winter of 1975-1976 The Globe Creek snow pad The Toolik snow pad The gasline snow pad Summary and conclusions Literature cited
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  • 6
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    The fate and effects of crude oil spilled on subarctic permafrost terrain in interior Alaska (1980)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-201-80/29
    In: CRREL Report, 80-29
    Description / Table of Contents: This study was conducted to determine the short- and long-term physical, chemical and biological effects of spills of hot Prudhoe Bay crude oil on permafrost terrain near Fairbanks, Alaska. Two experimental oil spills, one in winter and one in summer, of 7570 liters (2000 gallons) were made at a forest site. The winter-spill oil moved within the surface moss layer beneath the snow. The summer-spill oil moved primarily below the moss in the organic soil. The oil moved faster and further downslope in the summer spill. Oil in the winter spill stopped during the first day but remobilized and flowed further downslope in the spring. The total area affected by the summer spill was nearly one and one-half times as large as that affected by the winter spill. The initial heat of the spilled oil had little measurable thermal effect on the soil. However, thaw depth significantly increased following two full thaw seasons. The greatest increases occurred beneath oil blackened surfaces. Evaporation of volatile components is the most significant weathering process in the first two years. Volatiles evaporated faster from surface oil than from oil carried deeper into the soil profile. Microbial degradation has not been observed. The indigenous soil microbial populations responded differently to winter and summer oil applications, ranging from inhibition to stimulation, with stimulation appearing to predominate. Vegetation showed both immediate and long-term damage. Damage was greatest near the top of the slope and in areas with surface oil. Deciduous species showed damage faster than evergreen species.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vii, 67 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 80-29
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9307
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Methods Site description Oil application Physical characterization Thermal characterization Oil and oily soil characterization Soil microbiological methodology Vegetation Results and discussion Oil movement Effects on permafrost Compositional changes Microbiological responses Oil effects on vegetation Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A Physical and thermal information Appendix B Chemical information Appendix C Microbiological information
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  • 7
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Some physical properties of alpine snow (1969)
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-202-271
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Introduction. - Previous work. - Conduct of the research. - Fundamental properties of snow. - Derived properties of snow. - Environmental effects. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: One of the great deficiencies in snow science is the lack of an analytical framework for much of the snow cycle. Snow research to date has largely consisted of measuring index properties of snow, such as bulk density and snow strength, and correlating them. This is useful, particularly for engineering purposes, but it does not grapple with the basic problem of what fundamental properties of snow determine the magnitude of the index properties and how these properties respond to environmental conditions. This study was an attempt to measure, quantitatively, the fundamental properties of grain size, shape, and fabric (relationship between grains) and relate these to the index or derived properties of bulk density, shear and tensile strength, permeability for air, and the dielectric static permittivity and loss tangent. Despite numerous difficulties in defining fabric and quantifying it, it was possible to show that: 1) snow strength is a function of bond area with a relationship in the low density range that is described by: [Sigma]f = [Sigma]i exp - (0.14nf) where [Sigma]f is failure strength, [Sigma]i is the final strength of ice, and nf is the porosity on the failure surface; and 2) the rate of densification of low density snow can be explained in part by high stress concentrations (on the order of 10^7 dynes /cm^2) at intergranular contacts and by such factors as riming on crystals. The effect of the environmental factors of time, temperature, and gravitational stress is difficult to study in situ because they are not independent variables. However, it appears that their study is simplified when we study the fundamental properties of snow as opposed to index properties.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 70 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 271
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5325802
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Micromineralogy of galena ores, Burgin mine East Tintic district Utah (1969)
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: SR 90.0002(614-A)
    In: Professional paper
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: III, A-17 S.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey professional paper 614-A
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 9
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Principles of structural geology (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley
    Details Availability
    Call number: G 5396
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIII, 410 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. + 4 Beil.
    Edition: 4th ed.
    Location: Upper compact magazine
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  • 10
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Multi-Dimensional interpretation of Electromagnetic data from Silali geothermal field in Kenya : Comparison of 1-D, 2-D and 3-D MT inversion (2013)
    Reykjavík : Orkustofnun
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: S 05.0369(2013,4)
    In: Report
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: X, 135 S. : graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9789979683353
    Series Statement: Report / United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme 2013, 4
    URL: http://os.is/gogn/unu-gtp-report/UNU-GTP-2013-04.pdf
    Classification:
    Geothermal Energy
    Note: Zugl.: Univ. of Iceland, Reykjavík, Diss., 2013
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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