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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-11-27
    Description: Mesophotic reefs, hardgrounds and current‐controlled pelagic to hemipelagic carbonates are facies marking carbonate platform drowning successions, irrespective of the factors controlling this evolution. A modern analogue of a carbonate platform in a state of drowning, where these facies occur has not been properly reported on to date. In the present study, the sedimentary environments of the Saya de Malha Bank are characterized using a multi‐disciplinary approach including sedimentology, hydroacoustics, seismics and oceanography. The Saya de Malha Bank edifice with a surface of 40 808 km〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 is located in the tropical Indian Ocean and lies in a water depth of 8 to 300 m extending from the surrounding more than 2000 m deep ocean floor, with no reef reaching the sea surface. Mesophotic coral and red algal facies co‐exist with hemipelagic and bioclastic sands, together with a hardground. Ocean currents and internal waves are identified as major sedimentological controlling factors in the absence of elevated nutrient influx. Many features distributed along the present‐day Saya de Malha Bank were described from studies presenting fossil examples of carbonate platform drowning. The results herein can therefore be applied to other drowning examples, in some cases allowing for more accurate interpretation of the stratigraphic record.
    Description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Keywords: ddc:552.58 ; Internal waves, Mascarene Plateau ; mesophotic reefs ; South Equatorial Current
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 38 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Stromatolitic crusts on stick-like and platy Porites corals forming Messinian reefs in Almería played an important role in supporting and binding the brittle corals. The crusts were previously regarded as probable marine cements. However, their clotted, peloidal, and micritic fabrics are directly comparable with those of stromatolites. They accreted allochthonous grains even on vertical faces, and include bushy fabrics closely comparable with those produced by cyanobacterial calcification. They contain numerous fenestrae, exhibit rapid fabric variation, and locally form micro-columns and laminated domes. Their similarities to peloid micrite crusts in Recent reefs suggest that at least some of these Recent crusts are microbial in origin, even though they have widely been interpreted as marine cements.The sedimentary effects of crust development substantially affected both the morphology and relief of the reefs and the generation of reefal clasts. Binding of the reef-frame in the Pinnacle and Thicket zones in the lower and middle parts of the reef created a rigid margin which shed large (commonly up to 5 m) cuboidal blocks of coral-stromatolite frame. The blocks broke along planes of weakness provided by the vertical Porites sticks and were deposited on the Fore-Reef Slope. In the uppermost parts of the reefs crusts dominate the structure, constituting 80% or more of the rock. Veneers up to 15 cm thick encrust thin irregular Porites plates to create a solid Reef Crest Zone which has not been recognized before.The coral-stromatolite framework is associated with echinoids, crustose corallines and halimedacean algae which, together with the scleractinians, indicate normal marine salinity throughout reef growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Puga-Bernabeu, Angel; Webster, Jody M; Braga, Juan-Carlos; Clague, David A; Dutton, Andrea; Eggins, Stephen M; Fallon, Robert D; Jacobsen, Geraldine; Paduan, Jennifer B; Potts, Donald C (2016): Morphology and evolution of drowned carbonate terraces during the last two interglacial cycles, off Hilo, NE Hawaii. Marine Geology, 371, 57-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2015.10.016
    Publication Date: 2023-01-21
    Description: The eastern side of Hawaii Island is a rapidly subsiding margin dominated by drowned carbonate platforms. We present detailed bathymetric and backscatter data, remotely operated vehicle and submersible observations, sedimentological and 14C accelerator mass spectrometry and U/Th age data from seven submerged terraces (H7, H2a-d, H1a-b) in water depths between 1100 and 25 m off Hilo, north-eastern Hawaii. The main carbonate deposits on these terraces are coral deposits, rhodolith beds, coralline algal mounds, crusts, pavements and tabular sheets. We identified five previously described sedimentary shallow- to deep-water facies and one new facies type that are consistent with reef drowning on a rapidly subsiding margin. We used palaeobathymetric data derived from the sedimentary facies, age versus depth relationships, and published sea-level curves, to estimate a uniform long-term subsidence rate of 2.80 ± 0.36 m/ky for the eastern side of Hawaii over the last 150 ky. Terrace H7 developed about 380 ka based on data from the western side of the island. Active coral growth on terrace H2d occurred during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 to 5 transition, and the terrace drowned during the peak of MIS 5e when sea level rose faster than reefs could grow. Favoured by the gentle platform gradient, reefs established progressively landwards with a backstepping pattern during MIS 5e to form the terraces H2c and H2b 122 ka. Final turn-off of shallow water carbonate production on terraces H2b-d coincided with the relative sea-level rise of the interstadial MIS 5a. Bathymetry and submersible data suggest that carbonate sediments on terraces H2a and H1b were deposited over an antecedent topography of local lava deltas emplaced during rising sea levels at ca. 85 and 65 ka, while terrace H1a established on lava delta substrates of the Mauna Loa volcano ca. 11 ka. We conclude that the initiation, growth and drowning of coral-reef terraces off Hilo differ in some ways from the pattern observed in the submerged terraces in the western side of Hawaii and that the platform evolution off Hilo is more strongly influenced by emplacement of offshore lava flows.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-01-21
    Keywords: Age, 14C calibrated, CALIB 7.0.2; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard error; Calendar age; Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Calendar age, standard error; DEPTH, water; Event label; Hawaiian Islands, North Central Pacific; HSDP-1_H1a-01; HSDP-1 (H1a); Laboratory code/label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MULT; Multiple investigations; Off-Hilo_H1b-01; Off-Hilo_H1b-02; Off-Hilo_H1b-03; Off-Hilo_H1b-04; Off-Hilo_H1b-05; Off-Hilo_H1b-06; Off-Hilo_H2a-01; Off Hilo (H1b); Off Hilo (H2a); Optional event label; Reference of data; Sample comment; Sample ID
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 307 data points
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  • 5
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Betzler, Christian; Lindhorst, Sebastian; Lüdmann, Thomas; Weiß, Benedikt; Wunsch, Marco; Braga, Juan-Carlos (2015): The leaking bucket of a Maldives atoll: Implications for the understanding of carbonate platform drowning. Marine Geology, 366, 16-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2015.04.009
    Publication Date: 2023-02-12
    Description: Seismic and multibeam data, as well as sediment samples were acquired in the South Malé Atoll in the Maldives archipelago in 2011 to unravel the stratigraphy and facies of the lagoonal deposits. Multichannel seismic lines show that the sedimentary succession locally reaches a maximum thickness of 15-20 m above an unconformity interpreted as the emersion surface which developed during the last glacial sea-level lowstand. Such depocenters are located in current-protected areas flanking the reef rim of the atoll or in infillings of karst dolinas. Much of the 50 m deep sea floor in the lagoon interior is current swept, and has no or very minor sediment cover. Erosive current moats line drowned patch reefs, whereas other areas are characterized by nondeposition. Karst sink holes, blue holes and karst valleys occur throughout the lagoon, from its rim to its center. Lagoonal sediments are mostly carbonate rubble and coarse-grained carbonate sands with frequent large benthic foraminifers, Halimeda flakes, red algal nodules, mollusks, bioclasts, and intraclasts, some of them glauconitic, as well as very minor ooids. Finer-grained deposits locally are deposited in current-protected areas behind elongated faros, i.e., small atolls which are part of the rim of South Malé Atoll. The South Malé Atoll is a current-flushed atoll, where water and sediment export with the open sea is facilitated by the multiple passes dissecting the atoll rim. With an elevated reef rim and tower-like reefs in the atoll interior it is an example of a leaky bucket atoll which shares characteristics of incipiently drowned carbonate banks or drowning sequences as known from the geological record.
    Keywords: ARGOS satellite-linked dive recorder SDR-T10; DATE/TIME; Depth, bathymetric; DEPTH, sediment/rock; ECHO; Echosounder; Grab; GRAB; Grain size, sieving; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maldives; Maldives archipelago, Indian ocean; Positioning type/details; Sample code/label; Size fraction 〈 0.063 mm, mud, silt+clay; Size fraction 〉 0.063 mm, sand; Size fraction 〉 0.250 mm; Size fraction 〉 0.500 mm, gravel; Size fraction 〉 2 mm, gravel
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 426 data points
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  • 6
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Abbey, Elizabeth; Webster, Jody M; Braga, Juan-Carlos; Sugihara, Kaoru; Wallace, Carden; Iryu, Yasufumi; Potts, Donald C; Done, Terry; Camoin, Gilbert; Seard, Claire (2011): Variation in deglacial coralgal assemblages and their paleoenvironmental significance: IODP Expedition 310, “Tahiti Sea Level”. Global and Planetary Change, 76, 1-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.11.005
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: Fossil reefs are valuable recorders of paleoenvironmental changes during the last deglaciation, and detailed characterizations of coralgal assemblages can improve understanding of the behavior and impacts of sea-level rise. Drilling in 2005 by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 310 explored submerged offshore reefs from three locations around Tahiti, French Polynesia and provides the first look at island-wide variability of coralgal assemblages during deglacial sea-level rise. We present the first detailed examination of coral and coralline algal taxonomy and morphology from two sites on Tahiti (offshore Tiarei and offshore Maraa). Sixteen cores ranging in depth from 122 m to 45 m below sea-level represent reef growth from 16 ka to ca. 8 ka (Camoin, G.F., Iryu, Y., McInroy, D.B. and the IODP Expedition 310 Scientists, 2007. IODP Expedition 310 reconstructs sea level, climatic, and environmental changes in the South Pacific during the last deglaciation. Scientific Drilling, 5: 4-12). Twenty-six coral species, twelve coral genera and twenty-eight coralline algal species were identified from 565 m of core and over 400 thin sections. Based on these data, and in comparison with modern and fossil analogs, seven coral and four algal assemblages have been identified in the deglacial sequences in Tahiti, representing a range of environments from less than 10 m to greater than 20-30 m water depth. Deglacial reef initiation varied at sites based on the available substrate, and early colonizers suggest water conditions at all sites were unfavorable to sensitive corals, such as Acropora, prior to ca. 12.5 ka. Mainly shallowwater (b10-15 m) corals and coralline algal assemblages developed continuously throughout both sites from 16 ka to ca. 8 ka, suggesting that coralgal assemblage variation ismore influenced by factors such as turbidity and water chemistry than sea-level rise alone.
    Keywords: 310-M0007A; 310-M0015A; 310-M0015B; 310-M0016A; 310-M0016B; 310-M0017A; 310-M0018A; AGE; Age, 14C AMS; Age, dated material; Age, error; Age, minimum/young; Age model; Age model calibration; Calcite; Description; DP Hunter; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp310; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Sample, optional label/labor no; Sample code/label; TAH-03A-1; TAH-03A-1A; TAH-03A-1B; TAH-03A-1C; TAH-03A-1D; TAH-03A-1E; TAH-03A-3; Tahiti, offshore Maraa; Tahiti Sea Level
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 133 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-07-05
    Keywords: Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard error; Age, error; Age model; DEPTH, water; Event label; Hawaiian Islands, North Central Pacific; HSDP-1_H1a-02; HSDP-1 (H1a)a; Isotopic event; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MC-ICP-MS Thermo-Finnigan Neptune; MULT; Multiple investigations; Off-Hilo_H2b-01; Off-Hilo_H2c-01; Off-Hilo_H2c-02; Off-Hilo_H2d-01; Off-Hilo_H2d-02; Off-Hilo_H2d-03; Off Hilo (H2b)b; Off Hilo (H2c)b; Off Hilo (H2d)b; Optional event label; Reference of data; Sample comment; Sample ID; Thorium-230/Uranium-238, standard deviation; Thorium-230/Uranium-238 ratio; Thorium-232; Uranium-234/Uranium-238 activity ratio; Uranium-234/Uranium-238 activity ratio, standard deviation; Uranium-238; δ234 Uranium; δ234 Uranium, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 317 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-02-05
    Description: The main objective of the RV Sonne cruise SO270 was to test the hypothesis that Saya de Malha Bank (SMB) is a carbonate platform controlled by water mass boundaries and currents which exert a strong control on sedimentation, ecosystems and biogeochemistry. The proposed project 'Saya de Malha Bank Carbonate Geochemistry – MASCARA Geochemie' contributes to the overarching goal by characterizing the biogeochemical properties of water masses in order to estimate the impact of water masses on the aragonite and calcite saturation state. To achieve the project aims, carbonate chemistry was determined in surface waters by using an underway system (SUNDANS and VINDTA 2C, both instruments are from Marianda, Kiel, Germany). Furthermore, a CTD/Rosette sampler and a multi-corer (MUC ) was used to sample the water column and pore water whereas in addition pore water also the MUC-supernatant was sampled. The underway data include: salinity, sea water temperature, fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) concentrations of dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll (fluorescence) and total alkalinity (TA). Concentrations of nutrients (PO43- and SiOH4-), total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and TA were determined in water samples obtained from CTD/Rosette sampler and within the MUC-supernatant, by using a SKALAR SAN plus System/08529 and a VINDTA 3C system (#29, Marianda, Kiel, Germany). Pore water nutrient concentrations (NOx, NO2-, NH4+, PO43- and SiOH4-) were measured by using a TECANinfiniteF200pro.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-02-05
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Autoanalyzer (SKALAR SAN plus System/08529); Carbon dioxide, total; Date/Time of event; Density; Elevation of event; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MASACARA; MASCARA; MUC; MultiCorer; Phosphate; RV Sonne cruise SO270; Salinity; Saya de Malha Bank; Silicate; SO270; SO270_11-5; SO270_12-3; SO270_13-3; SO270_14-2; SO270_16-3; SO270_19-3; SO270_40-4; SO270_45-3; SO270_46-3; SO270_47-3; SO270_49-4; SO270_53-2; SO270_54-4; SO270_55-3; SO270_56-3; SO270_59-7; SO270_64-7; SO270_75-3; SO270_82-5; Sonne_2; Temperature, water; VINDTA 3C for AT and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon measurement
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 133 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-02-05
    Keywords: Ammonium; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Elevation of event; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; MASACARA; MASCARA; MUC; MultiCorer; Nitrate; Nitrite; Number; Phosphate; Plate reader,TECAN, Infinite F200 PRO; RV Sonne cruise SO270; Saya de Malha Bank; Silicate; SO270; SO270_11-5; SO270_12-3; SO270_13-3; SO270_14-2; SO270_16-3; SO270_19-3; SO270_40-4; SO270_46-3; SO270_47-3; SO270_49-4; SO270_53-2; SO270_55-3; SO270_56-3; SO270_59-7; SO270_63-2; SO270_75-3; SO270_82-5; Sonne_2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1224 data points
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