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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 217 (1968), S. 344-345 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Quartzo-feldspathic and related gneisses make up much of the rock outcrop. Some are strongly foliated and have a well developed mineral lineation; other lithological units show little expression of planar or linear fabric elements. One massive unit of calcium-rich epidotebearing gneiss has a ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 22 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Inclusion – porphyroblast and porphyroblast – porphyroblast relationships show that abundant albite in mica schists in the Caledonides of the SW Scottish Highlands are part of the Barrovian metamorphic assemblage. Growth early in the D2 deformational phase of porphyroblast cores followed the growth of Mn-rich garnet but preceded the growth of porphyroblasts of the index mineral almandine. Two sets of inclusion trails in the albite correspond to the regionally expressed S1 and S2. Straight trails of muscovite, chlorite, quartz, epidote and the earliest growth of biotite make up S1. Crenulated trails express deformation of S1 early in D2 with muscovite, chlorite, biotite, quartz, epidote and the Mn-rich garnet associated with the development of S2 crenulation cleavage. The geometries of these trails uniquely record early stages of D2 deformational history. An 0−3 growth is related to the temporal coincidence of the formation of S1–S2 crenulation cleavage hinges as favourable sites for nucleation and the release of large amounts of water from prograde reactions during tectonothermal reconstitution of first cycle immature sediments with a volcanic component. The main characteristics of the regionally expressed D2 schistosity were developed during the major grain coarsening that followed both albite and almandine porphyroblast growth. Essentially inclusion-free An 4−19 rims grew on the inclusion-containing cores in the almandine zone in the later stages of schistosity growth and unoriented porphyroblasts of muscovite, biotite and chlorite indicate that mineral growth extended from the later stages of D2 to post-D2. Previous interpretations of the albite porphyroblast growth having been during D4 to post-D4 contemporaneous with retrogression are inconsistent with the microstructural evidence.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 84 (1995), S. 520-534 
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Bohemian Massif ; Central Bohemian Pluton ; Durbachite ; Enriched mantle ; Granitoids ; Hercynides ; Neodymium isotopes ; Strontium isotopes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The Sr-Nd isotopic data for selected granitoids of the Central Bohemian Pluton show a broad negative correlation with the total range of (87Sr/ 86Sr)330=0.7051–0.7129 and ε330 Nd =+0.2 to –8.9. The older intrusions have more depleted Sr-Nd compositions and calc-alkaline geochemistry (Sázava suite), whereas the younger intrusions shift towards K-rich calc-alkaline (Blatná suite) and shoshonitic rocks (Říčany and Čertovo břemeno suites) with more evolved isotopic signatures. The distribution of the data is interpreted as reflecting a diversity of sources and processes, rather than a single progressive crustal contamination trend. The Sázava suite could have originated by partial melting of metabasites, or of a mantle source with an isotopic composition close to bulk earth, or by hybridization of crustally-derived tonalitic and mantle-derived magmas. Variation within the Blatná suite is modelled by mixing between a moderately enriched (87Sr/86Sr)330∼0.708, ε330 Nd∼–3] mantle component with either an isotopically evolved metasedimentary component, or with more evolved magmas of the suite. The Říčany suite was most probably produced by partial melting of peraluminous lithologies, possibly of the adjacent Moldanubian unit. The Čertovo břemeno suite evolved from strongly enriched mantle-derived magmas [(87Sr/86Sr)330∼0.7128, ε330 Nd∼–7], either through closed-system fractional crystallization or interaction with magma corresponding to leucogranites of the Central Bohemian Pluton.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 67 (1978), S. 313-330 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Leucocratic neosome associated with agmatites was generated at least three times during the evolution of the migmatites of part of the Svecokarelian orogenic belt of southern Finland — the type region for J. J. Sederholm's migmatites and agmatites. Field evidence is used to demonstrate the age relationships between the different phases of agmatisation and the other events which contributed to the evolution of the migmatites. The characteristic features of the agmatites are described and used as bases for evaluating the varying roles of the different processes involved in migmatite development under changing P/T conditions. The value of agmatite neosome in isotopic studies aimed at determining time intervals between individual deformational and metamorphic phases within a single orogenic episode is assessed and its use in correlation in gneissose and migmatitic complexes is discussed.
    Abstract: Résumé Néosomes d'agmatites polyphasées comme indicateurs chronologiques dans des migmatites compléxement déformées. Un néosome leucocrate, associé à des agmatites, s'est produit au moins trois fois pendant l'évolution des migmatites d'une partie de la zone orogénique de la Finlande du sud, région typique pour les agmatites et les migmatites de J. J. Sederholm. Les auteurs se basent sur des arguments de terrain pour expliquer les relations chronologiques entre les différentes phases d'agmatisation et les autres événements qui ont contribué à l'évolution des migmatites. Les caractéristiques des agmatites sont décrites et utilisées comme base pour apprécier les rôles variés des différents processus impliqués dans le développement de migmatites dans des conditions changeantes P/T. La valeur du néosome agmatitique pour les études isotopiques réside en ce que celui-ci permet d'estimer les intervalles de temps entre chaque phase de déformation et de métamorphisme au cours d'un seul épisode orogénique, et dans son utilité pour les corrélations dans les complexes gneissiques et migmatitiques.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Leukokrates Neosom zusammen mit Agmatiten wurde mindestens dreimal im Verlaufe der Migmatisierung von Teilen der Svecokareliden im südlichen Finnland gebildet — hier in der Typregion von J. J. Sederholm's Migmatiten und Agmatiten. Durch Geländebeobachtungen läßt sich nachweisen, daß eine Altersabfolge zwischen den verschiedenen Phasen der Agmatisation und den übrigen Ereignissen im Verlaufe der Migmatitbildung besteht. Die charakteristischen Gefüge der Agmatite werden im Hinblick auf die wechselnden Prozesse während der Migmatitbildung unter sich verändernden P/T-Bedingungen beschrieben. In Isotopenstudien wird die Bedeutung des Agmatit-Neosom als Zeitmarke zwischen den einzelnen Phasen der Deformation und Metamorphose innerhalb eines orogenen Er eignisses unterstrichen. Hier eröffnet sich auch eine Möglichkeit, innerhalb von Gneis- und Migmatitkomplexen Teilbereiche zu korrelieren.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 84 (1995), S. 520-534 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Bohemian Massif ; Central Bohemian ; Pluton ; Durbachite ; Enriched mantle ; Granitoids Hercynides ; Neodymium isotopes ; Strontium isotopes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Sr-Nd isotopic data for selected granitoids of the Central Bohemian Pluton show a broad negative correlation with the total range of (87Sr/86Sr)330 = 0.7051–0.7129 and ɛ Nd 330 = +0.2 to −8.9. The older intrusions have more depleted Sr-Nd compositions and calc-alkaline geochemistry (Sázava suite), whereas the younger intrusions shift towards K-rich calc-alkaline (Blatná suite) and shoshonitic rocks (Říčany and Čertovo břemeno suites) with more evolved isotopic signatures. The distribution of the data is interpreted as reflecting a diversity of sources and processes, rather than a single progressive crustal contamination trend. The Sázava suite could have originated by partial melting of metabasites, or of a mantle source with an isotopic composition close to bulk earth, or by hybridization of crustally-derived tonalitic and mantle-derived magmas. Variation within the Blatná suite is modelled by mixing between a moderately enriched [(87Sr/86Sr)330 ∼ 0.708, ɛ Nd 330 ∼ −3] mantle component with either an isotopically evolved metasedimentary component, or with more evolved magmas of the suite. The Říčany suite was most probably produced by partial melting of peraluminous lithologies, possibly of the adjacent Moldanubian unit. The Čertovo břemeno suite evolved from strongly enriched mantle-derived magmas [(87Sr/86Sr)330∼0.7128, ε Nd 330 ∼ −7], either through closed-system fractional crystallization or interaction with magma corresponding to leucogranites of the Central Bohemian Pluton.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 69 (1980), S. 84-93 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Mechanisms of folding are assessed from a study of folds defined by transverse cooling joints in a near-concordant, composite, basic minor intrusion occurring in a polyphase deformed gneiss complex. Analysis of angular relationships of the joints with both external and internal contacts, of original feldspar phenocrysts that were flow-aligned approximately parallel to the contacts, and of tectonically aligned deformed fedspars, indicates the operation of slip, flexural-slip and flattening mechanisms and their sequential relationships during deformation.
    Abstract: Résumé On détermine des mécanismes de plissement en étudiant les plis définis par des joints transverses de refroidissement dans une intrusion mineure basique, composite, quasiconcordante, située dans un complexe gneissique à déformation polyphasée. L'analyse des relations angulaires des joints avec les contacts internes et externes, des phénocristaux originels de feldspath que l'écoulement a disposés de façon plus ou moins parallèle aux contacts, et des feldspaths déformés alignés de façon tectonique, indique l'existence de mécanismes de glissement, de glissement flexural et d'applatissement; elle permet en outre de préciser leur chronologie durant la déformation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Faltungsmechanismen können durch die tektonische Analyse von Falten und Abkühlungsklüften eines konkordanten Lagerganges erfaßt werden. Als Beispiel dient eine basische Gangintrusion in einem mehrfach deformierten Gneiskomplex. Die Winkelbeziehungen der Abkühlungsklüfte mit den Kontakten, die Lage der Feldspatphenocrysten, die ursprünglich parallel zu den Kontakten geregelt waren und die Lage der tektonisch deformierten Feldspäte, läßt darauf schließen, daß Gleitvorgänge, Flexuren und Plättungsmechanismen während der Deformation wirksam waren. Ihre zeitliche Abfolge wird durch den Deformationsablauf bestimmt.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die tertiäre alkalische Nephelin-normative Olivin Melanephelinit-Basanit-Phonolit Serie in der Labe tektono-vulkanischen Zone, Tschechische Republik, zeigt mineralogische und geochemische Eigenschaften, die auf die Anwesenheit von Produkten von mehr als einer Fraktionierungsserie und von mehr als einem Ausgangsmagma hinweisen. Die Mg- und Ni-reichen Olivin Melanephelinite (Ankaratrite), die umgewandelte LherzolitXenolite enthalten, stellen einen niedrigen Grad (ca. 4%) teilweiser Aufschmelzung einer stark angereicherten Mantelquelle dar. Viele der verbreiteten basanitischen Gesteine stellen auch primäre oder fast-primäre basaltische Schmelzen dar, die in kleinem, aber schwankendem Ausmaß von Olivinfraktionierung betroffen wurden. Andere Basanite mit niedrigen Mg-Zahlen und Mg- und Ni-Gehalten hatten eine Kristallisationsgeschichte in der Hornblende und Phlogopit eine Rolle spielte. Melaphonolite (Tephriphonolite) stellen ein Verbindungsglied zwischen basaltischen Gesteinen und Phonoliten dar, wobei Plagioklas-Fraktionierung eine zunehmend größere Rolle spielt. Phonolite sind Produkte der Kristallisation von Schmelzen, aber die schlechte Korrelation zwischen SiO2, MgO, CaO, Na2O und dem Grad der Untersättigung, wie auch zwischen Haupt- und Spurenelementen weist darauf hin, daß eine einzelne Entwicklungslinie nicht in Frage kommt. Die Produkte verschiedener Ausgangsmagmen zeigen ein weites Spektrum verschiedener Zusammensetzung, das sich unter verschiedenen Bedingungen der Fraktionierung entwickelt hat. Ein sehr fortgeschrittenes Stadium der Magmaentwicklung, charakterisiert durch die Vorherrschaft von Alkali-Feldspat-Fraktionierung wird durch Phonolite dargestellt, die die höchsten Gehalte an Hf, Nb, Rb, Ta, Th, Y, Zr und REE in der gesamten tertiären vulkanischen Abfolge führen.
    Notes: Summary The Tertiary alkaline, nepheline-normative olivine melanephelinite-basanite-phonolite suite in the Labe tectono-volcanic zone, Czech Republic, displays mineralogical and geochemical features indicative of the presence of products of more than one fractionation series and of more than one parental magma. The Mg- and Ni-rich olivine melanephelinites (ankaratrites), which contain disintegrated lherzolite xenoliths, represent low degree (c. 4%) partial melts of a highly enriched mande source. Many of the abundant basanitic rocks also represent primary or near-primary basaltic melts subject to a small but variable degree Fof olivine fractionation. Other basanites with lower mg-numbers and Mg and Ni contents had a crystallization history involving hornblende and phlogopite. Melaphonolites (tephriphonolites) provide a link between basaltic rocks and phonolites with plagioclase fractionation progressively playing a more significant role. The phonolites represent products of crystallization of highly evolved melts but poor correlation between SiO2, MgO, CaO, Na2O and degree of undersaturation as well as between major and trace element contents indicate that a single line of descent cannot have been in operation: the products of different parental magmas showing a wide compositional range that evolved under different conditions of fractionation are represented. A very advanced stage of magma evolution, characterized by the dominance of alkali feldspar fractionation is represented by phonolites that contain the highest Hf, Nb, Rb, Ta, Th, Y, Zr and REE in the whole Tertiary volcanic suite.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Subvulkanische Pyroxenit-Hornblendit-Kentallenit-Diorit-Granodioritmassen der Appinit-Gruppe, die räumlich und zeitlich mit den viel umfangreicheren Granitplutonen der Britischen Kaledoniden assoziiert sind, haben Hauptelementverteilungen und SEE Gehalte, die auf Beziehungen zu Shoshoniten hinweisen. Hornblendit-Monzonit-Syenogabbro-Pyroxen-Melasyenit-Durbachit-Biotit-reiche Syenite-Biotit-reiche Granitmassen der plutonischen Durbachitabfolge des Böhmischen Massivs der Mitteleuropäischen Herzyniden, die auch räumlich und zeitlich mit viel umfangreicheren Granitplutonen assoziiert sind, haben geochemische Charakteristika, die im allgemeinen mit denen der Appinit-Gruppe übereinstimmen. Beide Gruppen sind in ihrer Zusammensetzung Lamprophyren ähnlich, die in späteren Abschnitten der magmatischen Episoden Platz genommen haben. Sowohl in den Appinit-, wie in den Durchbachit-Abfolgen sind K/Rb und SiO2 voneinander unabhängig, beide Gruppen haben aber verschiedene, wenn auch zum Teil einander überlappende K/Rb Verhältnisse. Andere geochemische Parameter, wie K vs Rb, AFM und andere, weisen darauf hin, daß die Durbachit-Abfolge im allgemeinen weiter entwickelte Produkte shoshonitischen Magmas darstellt, als die Mitglieder der Appinit-Gruppe. Es gibt jedoch verschiedene geochemische Charakteristika, wozu auch höhere Cr/Ni Verhältnisse in den Durbachiten und niedrige CoGehalte in den Appiniten gehōren. Diese Unterschiede sind das Ergebnis verschiedener Abkūhlung, Aufschmelzung und teilweiser Trennung- und Wiedermischung von Fraktionierungs-Produkten und weisen auf die explosiven subvulkanischen bzw. plutonischen Regimes der beiden Gruppen hin. Diese petrogenetische Interpretation wird durch Mineralzusammensetzungen und deren Vergleich mit den Muttergesteinen unterstützt.
    Notes: Summary Subvolcanic pyroxenite-hornblendite-kentallenite-diorite-granodiorite masses of the appinite suite that are spatially and temporally associated with the much more voluminous granitic plutons of the British Caledonides have major element proportions and REE patterns indicative of shoshonitic affinities. Hornblendite-monzonite-syenogabbro-pyroxene melasyenite-durbachite-biotite-rich syenite-biotite-rich granite masses of the plutonic durbachite suite of the Bohemian Massif of the Central European Hercynides, that also are spatially and temporally associated with much more voluminous granitic plutons, have geochemical characteristics that generally correspond with those of the appinite suite. Compositionally both suites resemble lamprophyres emplaced during the latter parts of the respective episodes. Both the appinite and durbachite suites show independence of K/Rb and SiO2 with the two suites having mainly different but somewhat overlapping K/Rb ratios. Other geochemical characters, as shown by fields and trends on K vs Rb, AFM and other plots, point to the durbachite suite representing generally more evolved products of shoshonitic magma than members of the appinite suite. However, there are different geochemical characteristics, including higher Cr/Ni ratios in the durbachite suite and Co present in lower proportions in the appinite suite. These differences are the result of different histories of freezing, remelting and partial separation and remixing of fractionation products and reflect the explosive subvolcanic vs plutonic regimes of the appinitic and durbachitic suites, respectively. Support for this petrogenesis is provided by mineral compositions and comparison of compositions of mineral phases and the rocks in which they occur.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 252 (1974), S. 338-338 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE discussion by Peter J. Smith of occupational exposure to asbestos (Nature, October 18) highlights a major obstacle to a concerted effort by the scientific community in the field of the relationship of mineral and rock dusts to human disease, namely the apparent lack of awareness of the problems ...
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 204 (1964), S. 25-25 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A GLASGOW University Exploration Society expedition to the uninhabited Island of Mingulay (Nat. Grid NL 056783), some twelve miles south of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, was made during June 21-July 14, under the leadership of Mr. J. F. Robertson. The Island is essentially made up of rocks of the ...
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