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  • 1
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    Germination-associated events and the desiccation sensitivity of recalcitrant seeds ? a study on three unrelated species (1989)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A lysosome-like organelle in the root cap of Zea mays
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Ultrasructure Research 23 (1968), S. 233-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-5320
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5320(68)80003-6
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germination-associated events and the desiccation sensitivity of recalcitrant seeds — a study on three unrelated species (1989)
    Springer
    Planta 178 (1989), S. 189-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Araucaria (seed viability) ; Germination (recalcitrant seeds) ; Landolphia (seed viability) ; Scadoxus (seed viability) ; Seed (desiccation sensitivity) ; Viability (retention/loss)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The storage behaviour of recalcitrant seeds was assessed using three diverse species: a gymnosperm, Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze; a herbaceous monocotyledon, Scadoxus membranaceus (Bak.) Friis Nordal; and a woody dicotyledon, Landolphia kirkii Dyer. Seeds were stored under conditions of high relative humidities that maintained seed moisture content and under low relative humidities that caused drying. At regular intervals moisture content was determined, germinability assessed and the ultrastructure of radicle meristem cells examined. Under storage at high relative humidity, seed moisture content was maintained at the original level and subcellular germination events were initiated in the short-term. Such seeds showed enhanced rates of germination when removed from storage and planted. Long-term storage under these conditions resulted in the initiation of subcellular damage which intensified with time and ultimately resulted in the loss of viability. The rate at which germination events proceeded varied among the three species, and could be directly correlated with the period of viability retention under humid storage conditions. Storage under desiccating conditions resulted in subcellular damage and rapid loss of viability. The rate at which the seeds dried varied among the three species. The proportion of water loss tolerated by the different species before loss of viability, correlated with the rate of drying. The storage behaviour of the seeds of these three species is discussed in terms of a previously described model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393194
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteins in development and germination of a desiccation sensitive (recalcitrant) seed species (1992)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 11 (1992), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Avicennia marina ; desiccation-sensitive ; homoiohydrous ; recalcitrant ; seed development ; storage/LEA/heat-stable proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In the recalcitrant seeds of Avicennia marina, protein content and the rates of protein synthesis increase during histodifferentiation. This is similar to the situation in desiccation tolerant seeds. During the stage of reserve accumulation the protein content and rates of synthesis remain constant and there is no de novo synthesis of proteins which might qualify as storage proteins. There is also no change in the nature of proteins present in either axis or cotyledonary tissues during development or germination. Similarly, fluorographs of axis proteins show only very limited changes in the patterns of protein synthesis during development and germination, at least until the onset of root growth. Heat-stable proteins are present from an early developmental stage. However, no late embryogenic abundant (LEA) proteins are synthesised during the late stages of development, indicating that seedling establishment is independent of such maturation proteins. It is suggested that the lack of desiccation tolerance of A. marina seeds might be related to the absence of desiccation-related LEAs. Although the rate of protein synthesis increases during germination, protein metabolism appears to remain qualitatively the same as that occurring during development. The present results suggest that in these desiccation sensitive seeds, protein metabolism characterising development changes imperceptibly into that of germination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024564
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of aflatoxin B1 on in vitro cultures ofNicotiana tabacum var. Samsun (1994)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 125 (1994), S. 107-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Immunocytochemistry ; Regeneration ; Tissue culture ; Tobacco plantlets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of aflatoxin B1, (0.5–25 µg ml−1) on in vitro root and shoot development in young tobacco explants were investigated. Despite an initial apparent stimulatory effect on most measured parameters at 0.5 µg ml−1 AFB1, the number of leaves, root and leaf mass per plantlet were progressively inhibited with increasing AFB1 concentration. The number of explants developing roots was reduced to 34% at the highest (25 µg ml−1) AFB1 concentration, following 3 weeks exposure to the toxin. Leaf chlorophyll content at this toxin concentration was significantly lower than that measured for control plantlets. Thin layer chromatography confirmed the absorption of AFB1 by the plantlets. Using immunocytochemical techniques, AFB1 was immunolocated predominantly in the vacuoles, the nucleus and the cytoplasm (possibly intravesicularly). The results are discussed in terms of this immunolocation within the cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01371099
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of aflatoxin B1 on immature germinating maize (Zea mays) embryos (1992)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 119 (1992), S. 181-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: aflatoxin B1 ; electron microscopy ; in vitro ; immature maize embryo ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immature maize (Zea mays L.) embryos were treated with aflatoxin B1 concentrations, ranging from 0.1 μg ml−1 to 25 μg ml−1. Below 5 μg ml−1 aflatoxin B1, root and shoot elongation was not significantly inhibited. Ultrastructurally, root tip cells showed little deterioration, except a possible diffused clearing in mitochondria and plastids. As the toxin concentration was increased above 5 μgml−1, shoot, and particularly root elongation, was progressively inhibited. Associated with this, there was an apparent decrease in the ribosome population. Furthermore, membranes, particularly the vacuolar membrane, became abnormal and vacuolar distension occurred. At 20 and 25 μg ml−1, these effects were exacerbated, and mitochondria and plastid structure was disrupted. At these concentrations, there was evidence of a disruption in lipid metabolism. The results are discussed in the context of known aflatoxin effects on cellular control mechanisms and ultrastructure in animal systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00448817
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of aflatoxin B1 on in vitro cultures ofNicotiana tabacum var. Samsun (1994)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 125 (1994), S. 93-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; Callus ; Differentiation ; Electron microscopy ; Organogenesis ; Tobacco
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Calli ofNicotiana tabacum (tobacco) were treated with two dose ranges of aflatoxin B1 (0.1–2.0 µg ml−1 - low does; 5–25 µg ml−1 aflatoxin B1). The ability of calli to recover following 3 weeks of toxin exposure was also investigated. The I50 (50% inhibition) value for fresh mass accumulation was approximately 2 µg ml−1 AFB1. Fresh mass accumulation was significantly lower than the control value from 0.5 µg ml−1 AFB1. Following 3 weeks growth without a toxin source, the growth of calli up to and including 10 µg ml−1 AFB1, was significantly greater than control calli, indicating reversibility of the toxic effects. With increasing toxin concentration, chlorophyll content of callus was inhibited from 0.5 µg ml−1. Transfer to a toxin-free medium resulted in a degree of recovery (up to 0.5 µg ml−1). In the dose range 5–25 µg ml−1, the levels of chlorophyll were drastically reduced, with no recovery following AFB1 removal. Electron microscopy revealed a disruption of chloroplast structure as an early deteriorative event in AFB1 exposure of callus cells. Protein levels were less sensitive, with inhibition manifested only in the high dose range. Shoot development occurred at all concentrations, but was significantly inhibited from 5 µg ml−1 AFB1. Recovery following toxin removal was minimal at these higher AFB1 concentrations. The number of necrotic calli increased progressively from 5 µg ml−1 as toxin levels increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01371098
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