ISSN:
1572-8099
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
Notes:
Summary This report is the principal product of a long-term research program to provide a technically sound methodology for obtaining and using smoke toxicity data for hazard analysis. It establishes: (a) an improved bench-scale toxic potency1 measurement, one which represents the important combustion conditions of real fires; and (b) a design and analysis framework which will allow the toxic potency data to be used in a rational, consistent, appropriate, and adequate way. This establishment of proper bench-scale test conditions, validation of the output against real-scale fire measurements, and development of a consistent framework for the inclusion of toxic potency in fire hazard2 analysis is unique and represents a successful, usable implementation of the state of the art. This method focuses on post-flashover fires. The U.S. fire statistics show that 69% of all fire deaths are associated with post-flashover fires, with the preponderance of deaths due to smoke inhalation and occurring outside the room of fire origin. These fires are characterized by: • primarily radiant heating, with heat fluxes from about 20 to 150 kW/m2 throughout the room; • many items simultaneously on fire; and • vitiated combustion air for some, but not all, burning items.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01857942
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