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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2000-05-29
    Description: A paramyxovirus virus termed Nipah virus has been identified as the etiologic agent of an outbreak of severe encephalitis in people with close contact exposure to pigs in Malaysia and Singapore. The outbreak was first noted in late September 1998 and by mid-June 1999, more than 265 encephalitis cases, including 105 deaths, had been reported in Malaysia, and 11 cases of encephalitis or respiratory illness with one death had been reported in Singapore. Electron microscopic, serologic, and genetic studies indicate that this virus belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae and is most closely related to the recently discovered Hendra virus. We suggest that these two viruses are representative of a new genus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Like Hendra virus, Nipah virus is unusual among the paramyxoviruses in its ability to infect and cause potentially fatal disease in a number of host species, including humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chua, K B -- Bellini, W J -- Rota, P A -- Harcourt, B H -- Tamin, A -- Lam, S K -- Ksiazek, T G -- Rollin, P E -- Zaki, S R -- Shieh, W -- Goldsmith, C S -- Gubler, D J -- Roehrig, J T -- Eaton, B -- Gould, A R -- Olson, J -- Field, H -- Daniels, P -- Ling, A E -- Peters, C J -- Anderson, L J -- Mahy, B W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 26;288(5470):1432-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya Medical Center, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10827955" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Disease Outbreaks ; Encephalitis, Viral/epidemiology/*virology ; Endothelium, Vascular/pathology/virology ; Genes, Viral ; Giant Cells/pathology/virology ; Humans ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Microscopy, Electron ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleocapsid/ultrastructure ; Paramyxoviridae Infections/*epidemiology/transmission/veterinary/*virology ; *Paramyxovirinae/classification/genetics/isolation & purification/ultrastructure ; Phylogeny ; Respiratory System/virology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology/veterinary/virology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Singapore/epidemiology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology/virology ; Vasculitis/virology ; Viral Proteins/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-01-17
    Description: The physiological and biomechanical requirements of flight at high altitude have been the subject of much interest. Here, we uncover a steep relation between heart rate and wingbeat frequency (raised to the exponent 3.5) and estimated metabolic power and wingbeat frequency (exponent 7) of migratory bar-headed geese. Flight costs increase more rapidly than anticipated as air density declines, which overturns prevailing expectations that this species should maintain high-altitude flight when traversing the Himalayas. Instead, a "roller coaster" strategy, of tracking the underlying terrain and discarding large altitude gains only to recoup them later in the flight with occasional benefits from orographic lift, is shown to be energetically advantageous for flights over the Himalayas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bishop, C M -- Spivey, R J -- Hawkes, L A -- Batbayar, N -- Chua, B -- Frappell, P B -- Milsom, W K -- Natsagdorj, T -- Newman, S H -- Scott, G R -- Takekawa, J Y -- Wikelski, M -- Butler, P J -- BB/FO15615/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Jan 16;347(6219):250-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1258732.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK. ; School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK. c.bishop@bangor.ac.uk l.hawkes@exeter.ac.uk. ; Wildlife Science and Conservation Center of Mongolia, Ulaanbataar, Mongolia. ; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ; Office of the Dean of Graduate Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia. ; Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbataar, Mongolia. ; Emergency Prevention System(EMPRES) Wildlife and Ecology Unit, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy. ; Department of Biology, McMaster University, Ontario, Ontario, Canada. ; San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station, Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. ; Max Planck Institut fur Ornithologie, Radolfzell, Germany. Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. ; School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25593180" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Altitude ; *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Body Temperature ; Body Weight ; *Energy Metabolism ; Flight, Animal/*physiology ; Geese/*physiology ; Heart Rate ; Tibet ; Wings, Animal/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-08-21
    Description: The nature of light interaction with matter can be dramatically altered in optical cavities, often inducing nonclassical behavior. In solid-state systems, excitons need to be spatially incorporated within nanostructured cavities to achieve such behavior. Although fascinating phenomena have been observed with inorganic nanostructures, the incorporation of organic molecules into the...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-06-22
    Description: Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) is a potential and sustainable feedstock for bioethanol production due to its high cellulosic content and availability in Malaysia. Due to high lignin content of EFB and the lack of effective delignification process, commercial bioethanol production from EFB is presently not viable. Enzymatic delignification has been identified as one of the key steps in utilising EFB as a feedstock for bioethanol conversion. To date, limited work has been reported on the isolation of lignin degrading bacteria. Hence, there is a growing interest to search for new lignin degrading bacteria with greater tolerance to temperature and high level of ligninolytic enzymes for more effective lignin degradation. This study aimed to isolate and screen thermophilic ligninolytic microorganisms from EFB compost. Ten isolates were successfully isolated from EFB compost. Although they are not capable of decolorizing Methylene Blue (MB) dye under agar plate assay method, they are able to ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-06-22
    Description: With the rapid development of modern civilization, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is produced in large quantities and mainly generated from industrial sectors. The gas emission is the major contributor to global warming. To address this issue, the membrane technology is implemented for the CO 2 removal, due to the energy efficiency and economic advantages presented. Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) is selected as the polymeric material, due to the excellent film-forming properties and capable of developing a defect-free layer of neat membrane. This study described the fabrication development of CAB using a wet phase inversion method with different casting conditions. Where the composition of the casting solutions (3-5 wt %) and solvent evaporation time (4-6 min) were determined. The outcomes of these dominant parameters were then used to determine the best CAB membrane for CO 2 /Nitrogen (N 2 ) separation and supported by the characterization i.e. sc...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA Section Nucleic Acids And Protein Synthesis 478 (1977), S. 474-485 
    ISSN: 0005-2787
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 69 (1976), S. 641-647 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 4031-4033 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate how force detection methods based on atomic force microscopy can be used to measure displacement in micromechanical devices. We show the operation of a simple microfabricated accelerometer, the proof mass of which incorporates a tip which can be moved towards an opposing surface. Both noncontact operation using long range electrostatic forces and tapping mode operation are demonstrated. The displacement sensitivity of the present device using feedback to control the tip-surface separation is approximately 1 nm. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 49 (1987), S. 533-543 
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 60 (1996), S. 165-178 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary We construct the generalized inverse of a global numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, in order to prepare initial conditions for the model at time “t=0 hrs”. The inverse finds a weighted, least-squares best-fit to the dynamics for −24〈t〈0, to the previous initial condition att=−24, and to data att=−24,t=−18,t=−12 andt=0. That is, the inverse is a weak-constraint, four-dimensional variational assimilation scheme. The best-fit is found by solving the nonlinear Euler-Lagrange (EL) equations which determine the local extrema of a penalty functional. The latter is quadratic in the dynamical, initial and data residuals. The EL equations are solved using iterated representer expansions. The technique yields optimal conditioning of the very large minimization problem, which has ∼109 hydrodynamical and thermodynamical variables defined on a 4-dimensional, space-time grid. In addition to introducing the inverse NWP model, we demonstrate it on a medium-sized problem, namely, a study of the impact of reprocessed cloud track wind observations (RCTWO) from the 1990 Tropical Cyclone Motion Experiment (TCM-90). The impact is assessed in terms of the improvement of forecasts in the South China Sea att=+48 hours. The calculation shows that the computations are manageable, the iteration scheme converges, and that the RCTWO have a beneficial impact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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