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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical interpolation of ozone measurements from satellite data (TOMS, SBUV and SAGE II) using the kriging method (2000)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 18 (2000), S. 666-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Atmospheric composition and structure (middle atmosphere – composition and chemistry) ; Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This study demonstrates that ordinary kriging in spherical coordinates using experimental semi-variograms provides highly usable results, especially near the pole in winter and/or where there could be data missing over large areas. In addition, kriging allows display of the spatial variability of daily ozone measurements at different pressure levels. Three satellite data sets were used: Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) data, Solar Backscattered UltraViolet (SBUV), and the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE II) ozone profiles. Since SBUV is a nadir-viewing instrument, measurements are only taken along the sun-synchronous polar orbits of the satellite. SAGE II is a limb-viewing solar occultation instrument, and measurements have high vertical resolution but poor daily coverage. TOMS has wider coverage with equidistant distribution of data (resolution 1° × 1.25°) but provides no vertical information. Comparisons of the resulting SBUV-interpolated (column-integrated) ozone field with TOMS data are strongly in agreement, with a global correlation of close to 98%. Comparisons of SBUV-interpolated ozone profiles with daily SAGE II profiles are relatively good, and comparable to those found in the literature. The interpolated ozone layers at different pressure levels are shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-0666-x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of cadmium exposure on metal-containing amoebocytes of the oyster Ostrea edulis (1983)
    Springer
    Marine biology 76 (1983), S. 63-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oysters, Ostrea edulis, were exposed to cadmium (0.1 mg l-1) for up to 110 d (in 1982) under laboratory conditions in order to determine the effect of Cd exposure on blood amoebocytes. The results demonstrate that Cd-accumulation does not alter the total Cu and Zn concentrations in gill tissue. There was a decrease in the numbers of metal-containing amoebocytes, and electron microprobe analysis showed that this was largely due to a reduction in numbers of the mixed Cu/Zn-containing cells rather than in Cu-or Zn-containing cells. It is postulated that this response, which may involve the release of metals from amoebocytes into gill tissue, is a generalised stress response of this oyster. No evidence was found for the presence of a specific Cd-containing blood cell or Cd-binding protein in blood cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393056
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detoxication of metals by marine bivalves: An ultrastructural study of the compartmentation of copper and zinc in the oyster Ostrea edulis (1978)
    Springer
    Marine biology 45 (1978), S. 147-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An investigation of the mechanisms of detoxication of copper and zinc by the oyster Ostrea edulis (L) has been carried out using naturally occurring “green-sick” (contaminated by copper) and unpolluted oysters. Electron microprobe X-ray analysis of tissues in the electron microscope gives direct evidence for the structural compartmentation of copper and zinc in separate, specific, granular amoebocytes. The metals are immobilized in membrane-limited vesicles as different chemical compounds, copper being associated with sulphur and zinc with phosphorus. Chemical analyses of serum and tissues of normal and “green-sick” oysters indicate that (a) Cu and Zn are accumulated independently, (b) the Cu and Zn in the serum, while higher than in the surrounding sea water, are maintained at a 10-fold smaller level than the tissues, (c) toxicity is reduced by active uptake from the serum into granular amoebocytes, where it is further reduced by compartmentation in membrane-limited vesicles. It is calculated that the individual cell types may contain as much as 13,000 ppm Cu and 25,000 ppm Zn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390550
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatigue-induced Precipitation in Meta-stable β-Brass (1962)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 194 (1962), S. 1070-1071 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During recent work on the fatigue behaviour of metastable (3-brass similar fatigue-induced precipitation was observed after fatigue stressing and on subsequent heating at 200 C. All metastable £i-canti-lever specimens were obtained by quenching 60/40 brass from the all ^-region. Specimens ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1941070a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation of Fatigue Cracks in Beta-Brass (1961)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 189 (1961), S. 301-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During recent work on the fatigue behaviour of beta-brass a different mode of fatigue crack initiation has been observed, which has not been reported previously in the literature. Certainly, it does not occur in the case of fatigued copper. Beta-brass was chosen because of the lack of knowledge of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/189301a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrically driven instability in elastic liquids (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 215-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 The formation of fine jets of liquid after a polyisobutene solution has been torn away from a glass surface. The glass rod in the photograph has a diameter of 6 mm. Using an electroscope we established that the process of tearing the liquid from the walls of the container resulted in a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/250215a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiencies on mortality, growth and gill structure in the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 26 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The preparation of fish oil concentrates containing only (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with different ratios of 20:5 (n-3)/22:6 (n-3) is described. Three groups of turbot were maintained on different diets containing: 1, 10% of the dry weight of the diet as natural fish oil, equivalent to 2.5% (n-3) PUFA and 0–23% (n-6) PUFA; 2, 10% of the dry weight of the diet as palmitic acid, i.e. no PUFA; 3, 8–7% palmitic acid and 1–3% of the dry weight as (n-3 PUFA and negligible (n-6) PUFA. Only the fish on the diet containing natural fish oil showed significant growth over a 15-week period. In addition there were high mortalities on the two experimental diets (2 and 3). Changing the ratio of 20:5 (n-3)/22:6 (n-3) from 13–8 to 2–2 in the diet containing 1 3% (n-3) PUFA and negligible (n-6) PUFA markedly decreased the mortalities. Fish fed the two experimental diets (2 and 3) developed gross changes in gill structure involving the disappearance of chloride cells, a ‘sloughing off’ of the epithelium along the primary and secondary filaments and an accumulation of cellular material in the inter-lamellar spaces. The tissue ultimately disintegrated to leave a skeleton of connective tissue and a mass of cellular material in the inter-lamellar spaces. It is concluded that 22:6 (n-3) is an essential fatty acid for turbot and that the gill epithelium is a sensitive indicator of this deficiency in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04255.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peritoneal inflammatory cells in plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L.: effects of stress and endotoxin (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 25 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: When plaice were injected intraperitoneally with either oyster glycogen or live Vibrio alginolyticus an acute cellular inflammatory response was observed. The duration of these responses, 7 and 15 days respectively, exceeded the time course of the mammalian cellular inflammatory reaction. Peak leucocyte numbers were found at 2–3 days and neutrophils, which were phagocytic, were more numerous than macrophages. Although the increase in macrophage numbers was less marked, these cells appeared more actively phagocytic than neutrophils. Cortisol injections and environmentally-induced stress caused a significant reduction in the extent of inflammatory cell infiltrates, while endotoxin significantly enhanced the response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1984.tb04852.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grid Turbulence in Dilute Polymer Solutions (1969)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 222 (1969), S. 1160-1162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In this investigation the turbulence behind a rectangular grid was estimated from photographs of the diffusion of a dye trace. A small water tunnel with working section 10 cm square and a usable length of 80 cm was fitted with a round bar rectangular grid of mesh size 1 cm and blockage ratio 0-41. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2221160a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetrakis(tetrabutylammonium) tetrakis[(p-cyanophenyl)trioxoarsonato]tetratriacontaoxododecamolybdate(4 –) (1999)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 549-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270198017636
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