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  • 1
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    Sediment size fractionation and focusing in the Equatorial Pacific: Effect on 230Th normalization and paleoflux measurements (2014)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-12
    Description: We use flux, dissolution and excess 230 Th data from JGOFS and MANOP Site C to assess the extent of sediment focusing in the equatorial Pacific. Measured mass accumulation rates (MAR) from sediment cores were compared to reconstructed MAR by multiplying the particulate rain caught in sediment traps by the 230 Th focusing factor and subtracting measured dissolution. CaCO 3 MAR is severely overestimated when the 230 Th focusing factor correction is large but is estimated correctly when the focusing factor is small. In contrast, Al fluxes in the sediment fine fraction are well matched when the focusing correction is used. Since CaCO 3 is primarily a coarse sediment component, we propose that there is significant sorting of fine and coarse sediments during lateral sediment transport by weak currents. Because CaCO 3 does not move with 230 Th, normalization typically overcorrects the CaCO 3 MAR; and because CaCO3 is 80% of the total sediment, 230 Th normalization overestimates lateral sediment flux. Fluxes of 230 Th in particulate rain caught in sediment traps agree with the water column production-sorption model, except within 500 m of the bottom. Near the bottom, 230 Th flux measurements are as much as 3 times higher than model predictions. There is also evidence for lateral near-bottom 230 Th transport in the bottom nepheloid layer since 230 Th fluxes caught by near-bottom sediment traps are higher than predicted by resuspension of surface sediments alone. Resuspension and nepheloid layer transport under weak currents need to be better understood in order to use 230 Th within a quantitative model of lateral sediment transport.
    Print ISSN: 0883-8305
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9186
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Electrical capacitance as a rapid and non-invasive indicator of root length (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-22
    Description: Measurement of tree root systems by conventional methods is a Herculean task. The electrical capacitance method offers a rapid and non-destructive alternative, but it has largely been restricted to herbaceous species. The Dalton Model has been the main concept for understanding equivalent root circuitry; it proposed that roots were cylindrical capacitors with epidermis and xylem being the external and internal electrodes. Capacitance ( C ) therefore varied in proportion to root surface area ( A ), mass ( M ), length ( L ) and relative permittivity of the plant tissue r . We used the capacitance method on forest and plantation trees (13 to circa 100 y.o.) in situ to test hypotheses derived from implicit assumptions about tree-root–soil circuitry. We concluded: C was not confounded by intermingled root systems; C was strongly related to diameter at breast height (DBH); C was less strongly related to DBH for multiple species at the same site; and C was a poor indicator of DBH, M and L across species, ages and sites. We proposed that r was proportional to root tissue density and fitted a model with P 〈 0.05 and R 2 = 0.70 when the three immature (13 y.o.) trees were excluded. There was no significant difference ( P = 0.28) between the parameters of the tree model (excluding the immature trees) and one of the same form fitted to data from bean ( Vicia faba L.; R 2 = 0.55). Together, the data sets suggested ( R 2 = 0.94; n = 26) that there may exist a general relationship of this form applied over two orders of magnitude of L .
    Print ISSN: 0829-318X
    Electronic ISSN: 1758-4469
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ON UREAIMIDO ESTERS, THIOUREAIMIDO ESTERS, ACYLTHIOUREAIMIDO ESTERS, AND UREAAMIDINES. (1900)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 22 (1900), S. 365-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja02045a001
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Imperial Dilemma: The Reluctant Indianization of the Indian Political Service (1981)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Modern Asian studies 15 (1981), S. 751-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 0026-749X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Notes: One of the most difficult sets of questions for any imperial power or ruling group is if, when, and how to open the ranks of the imperial services to the imperialized. For a considerable period of time there may be logical enough reasons, related to imperial security and distrust of the conquered, for avoiding these questions altogether. However, sooner or later it becomes neccessary to win the collaboration of the losers, and then certain ‘liberalizing’, or just realistic tendencies begin to prevail. These are often inspired more by ‘home’ influences than by ‘out-post’ sentiment which tends to be more suspicious of its recent victims. Nevertheless, somewhere along the line a sometimes embarrassing precedent is made, and the integration or localization of the imperial civil and military services, and even of the executive, is undertaken. Usually the start is at the lowest levels, the clerks and soldiers, but later the upper or officer class also begins to lose its initial imperial or racial solidarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X00008751
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A convenient high yield synthesis of nitroxides
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 29 (1988), S. 4677-4680 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4039(00)80578-X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modular Control and Coordination of Discrete-Event Systems (1998)
    Springer
    Discrete event dynamic systems 8 (1998), S. 247-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7594
    Keywords: discrete-event systems ; modular control ; conflict ; hierarchical coordination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In the supervisory control of discrete-event systems based on controllable languages, a standard way to handle state explosion in large systems is by modular supervision: either horizontal (decentralized) or vertical (hierarchical). However, unless all the relevant languages are prefix-closed, a well-known potential hazard with modularity is that of conflict. In decentralized control, modular supervisors that are individually nonblocking for the plant may nevertheless produce blocking, or even deadlock, when operating on-line concurrently. Similarly, a high-level hierarchical supervisor that predicts nonblocking at its aggregated level of abstraction may inadvertently admit blocking in a low-level implementation. In two previous papers, the authors showed that nonblocking hierarchical control can be guaranteed provided high-level aggregation is sufficiently fine; the appropriate conditions were formalized in terms of ‘control structures’ and ‘observers’. In this paper we apply the same technique to decentralized control, when specifications are imposed on ‘local’ models of the ‘global’ process; in this way we remove the restriction in some earlier work that the plant and specification (marked) languages be prefix-closed. We then solve a more general problem of ‘coordination’: namely how to determine a high level ‘coordinator’ that forestalls conflict in a decentralized architecture when it potentially arises, but is otherwise minimally ‘intrusive’ on low-level control action. Coordination thus combines both vertical and horizontal modularity. The example of a simple production process is provided as a practical illustration. We conclude with an appraisal of the computational effort involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008210519960
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collaborative research presents special problems for patent seekers (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature biotechnology 22 (2004), S. 901-902 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] On April 29, 2004, the United States Congress's Senate Judiciary Committee approved the Cooperative Research and Technology Enhancement (CREATE) Act of 2003 (S 2192), the House version of which was passed on March 10 (HR 2391). The bill will now go to the full Senate for action. If signed into law, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0704-901
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  • 8
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    Super-resolution photoacoustic imaging through a scattering wall (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-09
    Description: Article With wavefront shaping, imaging through scattering walls is possible, but this technique requires generating feedback from behind the wall. Here, Conkey et al . use photoacoustic feedback for wavefront optimization for sub-acoustic resolution imaging behind a scattering wall with an improved signal-to-noise ratio. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms8902 Authors: Donald B. Conkey, Antonio M. Caravaca-Aguirre, Jake D. Dove, Hengyi Ju, Todd W. Murray, Rafael Piestun
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 9
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    Vacuum energy density and pressure near a soft wall (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-10
    Description: Author(s): S. W. Murray, C. M. Whisler, S. A. Fulling, Jef Wagner, H. B. Carter, David Lujan, F. D. Mera, and T. E. Settlemyre Perfectly conducting boundaries, and their Dirichlet counterparts for quantum scalar fields, predict nonintegrable energy densities. A more realistic model with a finite ultraviolet cutoff yields two inconsistent values for the force on a curved or edged boundary (the “pressure anomaly”). A still mo… [Phys. Rev. D 93, 105010] Published Mon May 09, 2016
    Keywords: Field Theory, Formal Particle Theory
    Print ISSN: 0556-2821
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-4918
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Broad-angle negative reflection and focusing of elastic waves from a plate edge (2016)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-05
    Description: Author(s): Istvan A. Veres, Clemens Grünsteidl, David M. Stobbe, and Todd W. Murray Guided elastic waves in plates, or Lamb waves, generally undergo reflection and mode conversion upon encountering a free edge. In the case where a backward-propagating Lamb wave is mode-converted to a forward-propagating wave or vice versa, the mode-converted wave is reflected on the same side of th… [Phys. Rev. B 93, 174304] Published Wed May 04, 2016
    Keywords: Dynamics, dynamical systems, lattice effects
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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