ALBERT

Description: Microgravity experiments of He II boiling were carried out using a drop tower. The process of bubble shrinking in He II in microgravity was observed by a high speed camera. The time duration of the microgravity environment less than 1 mg was about 1.3 sec. First, a large spherical bubble of about 10 mm in diameter was created by a short wire heater (Diameter 0.05 x Length 2.82 mm) for a heating time of 0.4 sec. The subsequent bubble shrinking was visualized after the heater was switched off. The time variation of the volume of bubble was estimated by image analysis. The shrinking speed of bubble was calculated from these time variation data. The shrinking speed depends on the heat flux across the liquid-vapor interface. It is found that the heat flux across the interface in microgravity can be explained by the kinetic theory with a pressure difference due to surface tension.

Description: The conduction-cooled superconducting magnets are now widely used in various applications due to their minimum usage of helium. In the accelerator science, they also play an increasingly important role in particle detector solenoids because they can minimize the materials needed for the magnet such that they can be more transparent against irradiated particles. For the same reason they are currently used in high radiation environments because they can reduce the heat load from the irradiation. However, the hadronic reactions, such as neutron or proton irradiation, can create degradation on the thermal conductivity of pure aluminum which is used as a cooling path. It leads to a poor cooling condition of the magnets. In Japan, there are two conduction-cooled superconducting magnets for muon production; one is already constructed and under operation, the other is now under construction. This paper briefly reports the influence of the irradiation on those magnets and discusses the po...

Description: Voltage-sensing phosphatases (VSPs) consist of a voltage-sensor domain and a cytoplasmic region with remarkable sequence similarity to phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), a tumor suppressor phosphatase. VSPs dephosphorylate the 5′ position of the inositol ring of both phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] upon voltage depolarization. However, it is unclear whether VSPs also have 3′ phosphatase activity. To gain insights into this question, we performed in vitro assays of phosphatase activities of Ciona intestinalis VSP (Ci-VSP) and transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homology (TPTE) and PTEN homologous inositol lipid phosphatase (TPIP; one human ortholog of VSP) with radiolabeled PI(3,4,5)P3. TLC assay showed that the 3′ phosphate of PI(3,4,5)P3 was not dephosphorylated, whereas that of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2] was removed by VSPs. Monitoring of PI(3,4)P2 levels with the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain from tandem PH domain-containing protein (TAPP1) fused with GFP (PHTAPP1-GFP) by confocal microscopy in amphibian oocytes showed an increase of fluorescence intensity during depolarization to 0 mV, consistent with 5′ phosphatase activity of VSP toward PI(3,4,5)P3. However, depolarization to 60 mV showed a transient increase of GFP fluorescence followed by a decrease, indicating that, after PI(3,4,5)P3 is dephosphorylated at the 5′ position, PI(3,4)P2 is then dephosphorylated at the 3′ position. These results suggest that substrate specificity of the VSP changes with membrane potential.

Description: This study aims to determine the epigenetic mechanism regulating Kiss1 gene expression in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) to understand the mechanism underlying estrogen-positive feedback action on gonadotropin-releasing hormone/gonadotropin surge. We investigated estrogen regulation of the epigenetic status of the mouse AVPV Kiss1 gene locus in comparison with the arcuate nucleus (ARC), in which Kiss1 expression is down-regulated by estrogen. Histone of AVPV Kiss1 promoter region was highly acetylated, and estrogen receptor α was highly recruited at the region by estrogen. In contrast, the histone of ARC Kiss1 promoter region was deacetylated by estrogen. Inhibition of histone deacetylation up-regulated in vitro Kiss1 expression in a hypothalamic non–Kiss1-expressing cell line. Gene conformation analysis indicated that estrogen induced formation of a chromatin loop between Kiss1 promoter and the 3′ intergenic region, suggesting that the intergenic region serves to enhance estrogen-dependent Kiss1 expression in the AVPV. This notion was proved, because transgenic reporter mice with a complete Kiss1 locus sequence showed kisspeptin neuron-specific GFP expression in both the AVPV and ARC, but the deletion of the 3′ region resulted in greatly reduced GFP expression only in the AVPV. Taken together, these results demonstrate that estrogen induces recruitment of estrogen receptor α and histone acetylation in the Kiss1 promoter region of the AVPV and consequently enhances chromatin loop formation of Kiss1 promoter and Kiss1 gene enhancer, resulting in an increase in AVPV-specific Kiss1 gene expression. These results indicate that epigenetic regulation of the Kiss1 gene is involved in estrogen-positive feedback to generate the gonadotropin-releasing hormone/gonadotropin surge.

Description: After a magnitude 7.2 earthquake in 1975 and before the start of the ongoing eruption in 1983, deformation of Kilauea volcano was the most rapid ever recorded. Three-dimensional numerical modeling shows that this deformation is consistent with the dilation of a dike within Kilauea's rift zones coupled with creep over a narrow area of a low-angle fault beneath the south flank. Magma supply is estimated to be 0.18 cubic kilometers per year, twice that of previous estimates. The 1983 eruption may be a direct consequence of the high rates of magma storage within the rift zone that followed the 1975 earthquake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cayol V -- Dieterich -- Okamura -- Miklius -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Jun 30;288(5475):2343-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 977, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, HI 96718, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10875914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: A magnitude 7.2 earthquake in 1975 caused the south flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, to move seaward in response to slippage along a deep fault. Since then, a large part of the volcano's edifice has been adjusting to this perturbation. The summit of Kilauea extended at a rate of 0.26 meter per year until 1983, the south flank uplifted more than 0.5 meter, and the axes of both the volcano's rift zones extended and subsided; the summit continues to subside. These ground-surface motions have been remarkably steady and much more widespread than those caused by either recurrent inflation and deflation of the summit magma chamber or the episodic propagation of dikes into the rift zones. Kilauea's magmatic system is, therefore, probably deeper and more extensive than previously thought; the summit and both rift zones may be underlain by a thick, near vertical dike-like magma system at a depth of 3 to 9 kilometers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Delaney, P T -- Fiske, R S -- Miklius, A -- Okamura, A T -- Sako, M K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Mar 16;247(4948):1311-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17843792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Blood pressure is a heritable trait influenced by several biological pathways and responsive to environmental stimuli. Over one billion people worldwide have hypertension (〉/=140 mm Hg systolic blood pressure or 〉/=90 mm Hg diastolic blood pressure). Even small increments in blood pressure are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This genome-wide association study of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which used a multi-stage design in 200,000 individuals of European descent, identified sixteen novel loci: six of these loci contain genes previously known or suspected to regulate blood pressure (GUCY1A3-GUCY1B3, NPR3-C5orf23, ADM, FURIN-FES, GOSR2, GNAS-EDN3); the other ten provide new clues to blood pressure physiology. A genetic risk score based on 29 genome-wide significant variants was associated with hypertension, left ventricular wall thickness, stroke and coronary artery disease, but not kidney disease or kidney function. We also observed associations with blood pressure in East Asian, South Asian and African ancestry individuals. Our findings provide new insights into the genetics and biology of blood pressure, and suggest potential novel therapeutic pathways for cardiovascular disease prevention.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3340926/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3340926/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉International Consortium for Blood Pressure Genome-Wide Association Studies -- Ehret, Georg B -- Munroe, Patricia B -- Rice, Kenneth M -- Bochud, Murielle -- Johnson, Andrew D -- Chasman, Daniel I -- Smith, Albert V -- Tobin, Martin D -- Verwoert, Germaine C -- Hwang, Shih-Jen -- Pihur, Vasyl -- Vollenweider, Peter -- O'Reilly, Paul F -- Amin, Najaf -- Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L -- Teumer, Alexander -- Glazer, Nicole L -- Launer, Lenore -- Zhao, Jing Hua -- Aulchenko, Yurii -- Heath, Simon -- Sober, Siim -- Parsa, Afshin -- Luan, Jian'an -- Arora, Pankaj -- Dehghan, Abbas -- Zhang, Feng -- Lucas, Gavin -- Hicks, Andrew A -- Jackson, Anne U -- Peden, John F -- Tanaka, Toshiko -- Wild, Sarah H -- Rudan, Igor -- Igl, Wilmar -- Milaneschi, Yuri -- Parker, Alex N -- Fava, Cristiano -- Chambers, John C -- Fox, Ervin R -- Kumari, Meena -- Go, Min Jin -- van der Harst, Pim -- Kao, Wen Hong Linda -- Sjogren, Marketa -- Vinay, D G -- Alexander, Myriam -- Tabara, Yasuharu -- Shaw-Hawkins, Sue -- Whincup, Peter H -- Liu, Yongmei -- Shi, Gang -- Kuusisto, Johanna -- Tayo, Bamidele -- Seielstad, Mark -- Sim, Xueling -- Nguyen, Khanh-Dung Hoang -- Lehtimaki, Terho -- Matullo, Giuseppe -- Wu, Ying -- Gaunt, Tom R -- Onland-Moret, N Charlotte -- Cooper, Matthew N -- Platou, Carl G P -- Org, Elin -- Hardy, Rebecca -- Dahgam, Santosh -- Palmen, Jutta -- Vitart, Veronique -- Braund, Peter S -- Kuznetsova, Tatiana -- Uiterwaal, Cuno S P M -- Adeyemo, Adebowale -- Palmas, Walter -- Campbell, Harry -- Ludwig, Barbara -- Tomaszewski, Maciej -- Tzoulaki, Ioanna -- Palmer, Nicholette D -- CARDIoGRAM consortium -- CKDGen Consortium -- KidneyGen Consortium -- EchoGen consortium -- CHARGE-HF consortium -- Aspelund, Thor -- Garcia, Melissa -- Chang, Yen-Pei C -- O'Connell, Jeffrey R -- Steinle, Nanette I -- Grobbee, Diederick E -- Arking, Dan E -- Kardia, Sharon L -- Morrison, Alanna C -- Hernandez, Dena -- Najjar, Samer -- McArdle, Wendy L -- Hadley, David -- Brown, Morris J -- Connell, John M -- Hingorani, Aroon D -- Day, Ian N M -- Lawlor, Debbie A -- Beilby, John P -- Lawrence, Robert W -- Clarke, Robert -- Hopewell, Jemma C -- Ongen, Halit -- Dreisbach, Albert W -- Li, Yali -- Young, J Hunter -- Bis, Joshua C -- Kahonen, Mika -- Viikari, Jorma -- Adair, Linda S -- Lee, Nanette R -- Chen, Ming-Huei -- Olden, Matthias -- Pattaro, Cristian -- Bolton, Judith A Hoffman -- Kottgen, Anna -- Bergmann, Sven -- Mooser, Vincent -- Chaturvedi, Nish -- Frayling, Timothy M -- Islam, Muhammad -- Jafar, Tazeen H -- Erdmann, Jeanette -- Kulkarni, Smita R -- Bornstein, Stefan R -- Grassler, Jurgen -- Groop, Leif -- Voight, Benjamin F -- Kettunen, Johannes -- Howard, Philip -- Taylor, Andrew -- Guarrera, Simonetta -- Ricceri, Fulvio -- Emilsson, Valur -- Plump, Andrew -- Barroso, Ines -- Khaw, Kay-Tee -- Weder, Alan B -- Hunt, Steven C -- Sun, Yan V -- Bergman, Richard N -- Collins, Francis S -- Bonnycastle, Lori L -- Scott, Laura J -- Stringham, Heather M -- Peltonen, Leena -- Perola, Markus -- Vartiainen, Erkki -- Brand, Stefan-Martin -- Staessen, Jan A -- Wang, Thomas J -- Burton, Paul R -- Soler Artigas, Maria -- Dong, Yanbin -- Snieder, Harold -- Wang, Xiaoling -- Zhu, Haidong -- Lohman, Kurt K -- Rudock, Megan E -- Heckbert, Susan R -- Smith, Nicholas L -- Wiggins, Kerri L -- Doumatey, Ayo -- Shriner, Daniel -- Veldre, Gudrun -- Viigimaa, Margus -- Kinra, Sanjay -- Prabhakaran, Dorairaj -- Tripathy, Vikal -- Langefeld, Carl D -- Rosengren, Annika -- Thelle, Dag S -- Corsi, Anna Maria -- Singleton, Andrew -- Forrester, Terrence -- Hilton, Gina -- McKenzie, Colin A -- Salako, Tunde -- Iwai, Naoharu -- Kita, Yoshikuni -- Ogihara, Toshio -- Ohkubo, Takayoshi -- Okamura, Tomonori -- Ueshima, Hirotsugu -- Umemura, Satoshi -- Eyheramendy, Susana -- Meitinger, Thomas -- Wichmann, H-Erich -- Cho, Yoon Shin -- Kim, Hyung-Lae -- Lee, Jong-Young -- Scott, James -- Sehmi, Joban S -- Zhang, Weihua -- Hedblad, Bo -- Nilsson, Peter -- Smith, George Davey -- Wong, Andrew -- Narisu, Narisu -- Stancakova, Alena -- Raffel, Leslie J -- Yao, Jie -- Kathiresan, Sekar -- O'Donnell, Christopher J -- Schwartz, Stephen M -- Ikram, M Arfan -- Longstreth, W T Jr -- Mosley, Thomas H -- Seshadri, Sudha -- Shrine, Nick R G -- Wain, Louise V -- Morken, Mario A -- Swift, Amy J -- Laitinen, Jaana -- Prokopenko, Inga -- Zitting, Paavo -- Cooper, Jackie A -- Humphries, Steve E -- Danesh, John -- Rasheed, Asif -- Goel, Anuj -- Hamsten, Anders -- Watkins, Hugh -- Bakker, Stephan J L -- van Gilst, Wiek H -- Janipalli, Charles S -- Mani, K Radha -- Yajnik, Chittaranjan S -- Hofman, Albert -- Mattace-Raso, Francesco U S -- Oostra, Ben A -- Demirkan, Ayse -- Isaacs, Aaron -- Rivadeneira, Fernando -- Lakatta, Edward G -- Orru, Marco -- Scuteri, Angelo -- Ala-Korpela, Mika -- Kangas, Antti J -- Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka -- Soininen, Pasi -- Tukiainen, Taru -- Wurtz, Peter -- Ong, Rick Twee-Hee -- Dorr, Marcus -- Kroemer, Heyo K -- Volker, Uwe -- Volzke, Henry -- Galan, Pilar -- Hercberg, Serge -- Lathrop, Mark -- Zelenika, Diana -- Deloukas, Panos -- Mangino, Massimo -- Spector, Tim D -- Zhai, Guangju -- Meschia, James F -- Nalls, Michael A -- Sharma, Pankaj -- Terzic, Janos -- Kumar, M V Kranthi -- Denniff, Matthew -- Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa -- Wagenknecht, Lynne E -- Fowkes, F Gerald R -- Charchar, Fadi J -- Schwarz, Peter E H -- Hayward, Caroline -- Guo, Xiuqing -- Rotimi, Charles -- Bots, Michiel L -- Brand, Eva -- Samani, Nilesh J -- Polasek, Ozren -- Talmud, Philippa J -- Nyberg, Fredrik -- Kuh, Diana -- Laan, Maris -- Hveem, Kristian -- Palmer, Lyle J -- van der Schouw, Yvonne T -- Casas, Juan P -- Mohlke, Karen L -- Vineis, Paolo -- Raitakari, Olli -- Ganesh, Santhi K -- Wong, Tien Y -- Tai, E Shyong -- Cooper, Richard S -- Laakso, Markku -- Rao, Dabeeru C -- Harris, Tamara B -- Morris, Richard W -- Dominiczak, Anna F -- Kivimaki, Mika -- Marmot, Michael G -- Miki, Tetsuro -- Saleheen, Danish -- Chandak, Giriraj R -- Coresh, Josef -- Navis, Gerjan -- Salomaa, Veikko -- Han, Bok-Ghee -- Zhu, Xiaofeng -- Kooner, Jaspal S -- Melander, Olle -- Ridker, Paul M -- Bandinelli, Stefania -- Gyllensten, Ulf B -- Wright, Alan F -- Wilson, James F -- Ferrucci, Luigi -- Farrall, Martin -- Tuomilehto, Jaakko -- Pramstaller, Peter P -- Elosua, Roberto -- Soranzo, Nicole -- Sijbrands, Eric J G -- Altshuler, David -- Loos, Ruth J F -- Shuldiner, Alan R -- Gieger, Christian -- Meneton, Pierre -- Uitterlinden, Andre G -- Wareham, Nicholas J -- Gudnason, Vilmundur -- Rotter, Jerome I -- Rettig, Rainer -- Uda, Manuela -- Strachan, David P -- Witteman, Jacqueline C M -- Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa -- Beckmann, Jacques S -- Boerwinkle, Eric -- Vasan, Ramachandran S -- Boehnke, Michael -- Larson, Martin G -- Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta -- Psaty, Bruce M -- Abecasis, Goncalo R -- Chakravarti, Aravinda -- Elliott, Paul -- van Duijn, Cornelia M -- Newton-Cheh, Christopher -- Levy, Daniel -- Caulfield, Mark J -- Johnson, Toby -- 068545/Z/02/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 070191/Z/03/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 077016/Z/05/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 079895/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 080747/Z/06/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 090532/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 1R01AG032098-01A/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- 1RL1MH083268-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- 263 MD 821336/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- 263 MD 9164/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- 263-MA-410953/PHS HHS/ -- 2M01RR010284/RR/NCRR NIH 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Foundation/United Kingdom -- RG/08/008/25291/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- RG/08/013/25942/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- RG/08/014/24067/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- RG/98002/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- RG08/01/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- RR-024156/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR20649/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- S06GM008016-320107/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- S06GM008016-380111/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- SP/04/002/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- SP/08/005/25115/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom -- TW008288/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- TW05596/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ -- U01 DK062418/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- U01 GM074518-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL054466/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL054466-11/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL054471/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL054473/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL054527/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL072515-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL080295/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL084756/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 NS069208/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U01 NS069208-01/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U01DE018903/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- U01DE01899/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004399/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004402/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004415/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004422/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004423/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004436/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004438/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004446/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004726/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004728/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004729/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004735/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U01HG004738/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U10 HL054512/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U10HL054512/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U54 RR020278/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- UL1RR025005/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2011 Sep 11;478(7367):103-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10405.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21909115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉