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  • 1
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    The adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR56 is a cell-autonomous regulator of oligodendrocyte development (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-23
    Description: Article Mutations in GPR56, a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor family, cause a specific human brain malformation and myelination defects but the cellular causes remain unclear. Here the authors show that loss of Gpr56 in mice leads to decreased oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and diminished levels of active RhoA. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms7121 Authors: Stefanie Giera, Yiyu Deng, Rong Luo, Sarah D. Ackerman, Amit Mogha, Kelly R. Monk, Yanqin Ying, Sung-Jin Jeong, Manabu Makinodan, Allison R. Bialas, Bernard S. Chang, Beth Stevens, Gabriel Corfas, Xianhua Piao
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
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    Schizophrenia risk from complex variation of complement component 4 (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-28
    Description: Schizophrenia is a heritable brain illness with unknown pathogenic mechanisms. Schizophrenia's strongest genetic association at a population level involves variation in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus, but the genes and molecular mechanisms accounting for this have been challenging to identify. Here we show that this association arises in part from many structurally diverse alleles of the complement component 4 (C4) genes. We found that these alleles generated widely varying levels of C4A and C4B expression in the brain, with each common C4 allele associating with schizophrenia in proportion to its tendency to generate greater expression of C4A. Human C4 protein localized to neuronal synapses, dendrites, axons, and cell bodies. In mice, C4 mediated synapse elimination during postnatal development. These results implicate excessive complement activity in the development of schizophrenia and may help explain the reduced numbers of synapses in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4752392/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4752392/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sekar, Aswin -- Bialas, Allison R -- de Rivera, Heather -- Davis, Avery -- Hammond, Timothy R -- Kamitaki, Nolan -- Tooley, Katherine -- Presumey, Jessy -- Baum, Matthew -- Van Doren, Vanessa -- Genovese, Giulio -- Rose, Samuel A -- Handsaker, Robert E -- Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium -- Daly, Mark J -- Carroll, Michael C -- Stevens, Beth -- McCarroll, Steven A -- R01 HG006855/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH077139/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007753/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 MH105641/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2016 Feb 11;530(7589):177-83. doi: 10.1038/nature16549. Epub 2016 Jan 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26814963" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Axons/metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Brain/metabolism/pathology ; Complement C4/chemistry/*genetics ; Complement Pathway, Classical ; Dendrites/metabolism ; Gene Dosage/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Haplotypes/genetics ; Humans ; Major Histocompatibility Complex/genetics ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Neuronal Plasticity/genetics/physiology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Risk Factors ; Schizophrenia/*genetics/pathology ; Synapses/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Microglia-dependent synapse loss in type I interferon-mediated lupus (2017)
    Springer Nature
    In: Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-22
    Description: Microglia-dependent synapse loss in type I interferon-mediated lupus Nature 546, 7659 (2017). doi:10.1038/nature22821 Authors: Allison R. Bialas, Jessy Presumey, Abhishek Das, Cees E. van der Poel, Peter H. Lapchak, Luka Mesin, Gabriel Victora, George C. Tsokos, Christian Mawrin, Ronald Herbst & Michael C. Carroll Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an incurable autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody deposition in tissues such as kidney, skin and lungs. Notably, up to 75% of patients with SLE experience neuropsychiatric symptoms that range from anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment to seizures and, in rare cases, psychosis—collectively this is referred to as central nervous system (CNS) lupus. In some cases, certain autoantibodies, such as anti-NMDAR or anti-phospholipid antibodies, promote CNS lupus. However, in most patients, the mechanisms that underlie these symptoms are unknown. CNS lupus typically presents at lupus diagnosis or within the first year, suggesting that early factors contributing to peripheral autoimmunity may promote CNS lupus symptoms. Here we report behavioural phenotypes and synapse loss in lupus-prone mice that are prevented by blocking type I interferon (IFN) signalling. Furthermore, we show that type I IFN stimulates microglia to become reactive and engulf neuronal and synaptic material in lupus-prone mice. These findings and our observation of increased type I IFN signalling in post-mortem hippocampal brain sections from patients with SLE may instruct the evaluation of ongoing clinical trials of anifrolumab, a type I IFN-receptor antagonist. Moreover, identification of IFN-driven microglia-dependent synapse loss, along with microglia transcriptome data, connects CNS lupus with other CNS diseases and provides an explanation for the neurological symptoms observed in some patients with SLE.
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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