Call number:
AWI A13-00-0267
In:
NATO ASI series
Description / Table of Contents:
Contents: PREFACE. - Part 1. Preliminary considerations. - 1. Weather and Climate GCMs: A memoir / K. Miyakoda. -1 Introduction. - 2 Phillips' GCM experiment. - 3 Numerical integration of GCMs. - 4 Subgrid-scale processes. - 5 Climate GCMs. - 6 Long range forecasts: extending the frontier. - 7 Future issues of GCM forecasts. - 8 Epilogue. - 2. The GCM as a Dynamical System: Implications for numerical simulations / J.-F. Royer. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Formal Description of a Climate Modelas a Dynamical System. - 3 Initial Conditions. - 4 Model Parameters and Boundary Conditions. - 5 Observation and Storage of Model Results. - 6 Analysis of Model Results. - 7 Defining the Sensitivity of a GCM. - 8 The Different Categories of Climate Simulations. - 9 The Different Steps in Running a GCM Experiment. - 3. Analysis and Verification of Model Climate / G. J. Boer. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Climate Analysis and Verification. - 3 The Basic Equations of Climate and Climate Analysis. - 4 Data Considerations. - 5 A Hierarchy of Budget Equations and Climate Statistics. - 6 Model Results. - 7 Concluding Comments. - 4. Statistical Treatment of Model Output / M. Déqué. - 1 Introduction. - 2 The Mean. - 3 The Variability. - 4 Conclusion. -5. Use of Simplified Atmospheric Models / J. Thuburn. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Shallow water models. - 3 Zonally averaged models. - 4 3D models with highly simplified parametrized physics. - 5 Stratosphere-mesosphere models. - 6 Conclusion. - 6. Designing a GCM Experiment: Fundamentals of the planning process / P. W. Mote. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Control Runs. - 3 Changing a Model. - 4 Designing an Experiment. - 5 Checking for Errors. - 6 Summary. - Part 2. Components of an Atmospheric General Circulation Model. - 7. Numerical Approximations for global Atmospheric GCMs / D. L. Williamson and R. Laprise. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Finite Difference Approximations. - 3 Spectral Method. - 4 Semi-Lagrangian Method. - 5 Orographie and Other Stationary Forcings. - 6 Finite Element Approximations. - 7 Reduced Grids. - 8 Vertical Coordinates. - 9 Example of an AGCM. - 8. Boundary Layer Processes / N. McFarlane. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Basic Features of the Atrnospheric Boundary Layer. - 3 Cloudy Boundary Layers. - 9. Moist Convection / N. McFarlane. - 1 Basic Considerations. - 2 Conditional Instability. - 3 Approaches to Parameterization. - 10. Clouds and Cloud Water Prediction / J .-J. Morcrette, Ch. Jakob, and J.Teixeira. - 1 Clouds: What is their role in the climate system?. - 2 Cloud fraction. - 3 A quick history of cloud representation at ECMWF. - 4 Validation of cloud products. - 5 Concluding remarks. - 11. Radiation / J.-J. Morcrette and S. A. Clough. - 1 lntroduction. - 2 Sensitivity of the ECMWF model to the representation of the longwave radiative transfer. - 3 Validation. - 4 Perspectives. - 12. Gravity-Wave Drag / N. McFarlane. - 1 General aspects of the parameterization problem. - 2 Basic Gravity Wave Dynamics. - 3 Parameterization of Orographic Gravity-wave drag. - 4 Non-orographic waves. - 5 Effects of Parameterized Gravity-wave Drag. - 6 Uncertainties. - 13. Land Surface Processes and Hydrology / J.-F. Royer. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Water and Energy Budgets at the Surface. - 3 Heat and Water in the Soil. - 4 Vegetation. - 5 Snow Cover. - 6 Soil Hydrology. - 7 Sensitivity Experiments. - 8 Conclusion. - 14 Atmospheric Chemistry and Aerosol Dynamics / J. Feichter. - 1 lntroduction. - 2 Budgets and Cycles. - 3 Transport of trace species. - 4 Sources and sinks. - 5 Chemistry and aerosol micro-physics. - 6 Evaluation. - Part 3. Applying GCMs. - 15. Atmospheric Data Assimilation / A. O'Neill. - 1 Introduction. - 2 What is data assimilation?. - 3 What are the benefits of data assimilation?. - 4 How is data assimilation done?. - 5 Concluding remarks. - 6 Supplement: the (error) covariance matrix Sx. - 16. Seasonal Predictions / P. W. Mote, E. S. Sarachik , and M . Déqué. - 1 lntroduction. - 2 Three Types of Predictions. - 3 Predicting Global Anomalies by Predicting ENSO. - 4 A Multiyear Multimodel Experiment: PROVOST. - 17. Regional Models / M. Déqué. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Resolution impact. - 3 Limited Area Model. - 4 Variable resolution model. - 5 Other solutions. - 6 Conclusion. - 18. Toward a Complete Model of the Climate System / B. A. Boville. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Constraints Imposed by Coupling. - 3 Ocean General Circulation Models. - 4 Sea Ice Models. - 5 NCAR CSM-1 Coupted Solution, Equilibrium Forcing. - 6 1 %/year C02 Increase Experiment. - 7 Computer Hardware. - 8 Summary. - 19. Climate Model Intercomparison / G. J. Boer. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Model Intercomparison. - 3 Atmospheric Models. - 4 Coupled Models. - 5 Model Sensitivity. - 6 Concluding Remarks. - 20. Paleoclimate Modeling / P. Valdes. - 1 Introduction. - 2 Motivation. - 3 Types of Climate Model. - 4 Case Studies. - 5 Summary. - 21. Simulating Future Climate. - 1 lntroduction. - 2 International Aspects. - 3 Simulating Historical and Future Climate. - 4 Climate Change in the 20th Century. - 5 Simulating Future Climate Change. - 6 Climate Impact, Adaptation, and Mitigation. - 7 Summary. - Index.
Type of Medium:
Monograph available for loan
Pages:
XII, 517 S. : graph. Darst., Kt.
ISBN:
0792363027
Series Statement:
NATO ASI series : Series C, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 550
Branch Library:
AWI Library
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