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  • 1
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    An ultrapotent synthetic nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by stabilizing inactive Spike (2020)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-18
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop in viscous liquid flows in isothermal tubes with twisted-tape inserts (1992)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 27 (1992), S. 249-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Untersuchung wurde die Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs in viskosen Flüssigkeitsströmungen mittels eines Spiralband-Einsatzes erforscht. Es wurden Strömungen in horizontalen Rohren mit einheitlicher Wandtemperatur betrachtet. Diese sind repräsentativ für typische Bedingungen, die in praktischen Anwendungen in der chemischen und weiterverarbeitenden Industrie anzutreffen sind. Für Wasser und Äthylen-Glykol wurden experimentelle Daten für eingepaßte Band-Einsätze mit drei unterschiedlichen Verdrehungsverhältnisseny=3.0, 4.5 und 6.0 erhalten; die Breite des Bandes betrug jeweils 0.483 mm. Die Daten decken einen weiten Bereich von Strömungsparametern ab: 3.5〈Pr〈100 und 300〈Re〈35,000 für die beiden Betriebsbedingungen Heizen und Kühlen. Die Ergebnisse fürNu m undf sind stark abhängig von der Bandgeometrie und den Strömungsbedingungen und können zweckmäßig durchNu m=φ(Re, Pr, μ b/μw,L/d, H/d, δ/d) undf=φ(Re, H/d, δ/d) dargestellt werden.
    Notes: Abstract Heat transfer enhancement in viscous liquid flows by means of twisted-tape inserts has been investigated in this study. Internal flows in horizontal tubes with uniform wall temperature have been considered. This is representative of typical conditions encountered in practical applications in the chemical and process industry. Experimental data were obtained for water and ehtylene glycol with snug-fit tape inserts of three different twist ratios,y=3.0, 4.5, and 6.0; the tape thickness in each case was 0.483 mm. The data cover a wide range of flow parameters: 3.5〈Pr〈100, and 300〈Re〈35,000, for both heating and cooling conditions. The results forNu m andf are strongly influenced by the tape geometry and fluid flow conditions, and can be functionally represented byNu m=φ(Re, Pr, μ b/μw,L/d, H/d, δ/d) andf=φ(Re, H/d, δ/d).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01589923
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Movement of the lithosphere-asthenosphere interface in response to erosion of thickened continental lithosphere: a moving boundary approach (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 122 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Models of retrograde metamorphism in many orogenic belts are based on crustal thickening and erosion of continental lithosphere. The pressure and temperature evolutions in such models are generally obtained by solving the advection diffusion equation with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) either fixed at a specified depth or moving downwards at the same rate as erosion from the surface. However, this boundary is defined as a solid-partial-melt boundary in many geophysical interpretations. In the present work, we discuss a solution of the above problem considering the LAB as a phase boundary that moves. This solution is obtained by the Fourier series approach for a general case of surface erosion and basal heat transport. The results obtained for different models of crustal thickening show a significant movement of the LAB in response to erosion from the surface. A corresponding variation in the lithospheric thickness is also a significant result of this analysis. The earlier notion of a fixed-base lithosphere seems to be a good approximation when analysing metamorphic data, as we obtain nearly the same temperature profile in the crust as after including the LAB motion effect. However, the erosion of thickened crust is found to affect the lithospheric growth. These results indicate that metamorphic data (sampling the thermal structure of the upper lithosphere) do not preserve the signatures of such boundary motion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb07009.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical solutions for laminar fully developed flows in double-sine shaped ducts (1996)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 31 (1996), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden vollausgebildete Laminarströmungen in zweiseitig sinusförmig ausgebildeten Kanälen unter Voraussetzung konstanter Stoffwerte untersucht. Der Querschnitt repräsentiert die geschachtelte Trennwandanordunung von Plattenwärmetauschern. Exakte Lösungen, gewonnen mittels der Galerkinschen Integralmethode, werden mitgeteilt, wobei für den Wärmeübergang die thermischen RandbedingungenT=const. undq=const. zugrunde liegen, welche die wichtigsten praktischen Anwendungsfälle bei Heizung oder Kühlung simulieren. Die Darstellung der Ergebnisse umfaßt die Geschwindigkeits- und Temperaturfelder, die Reibungsbeiwerte und Nusselt-Zahlen im Bereich des Seitenverhältnisses 1/8≤γ≤8. Die Einflüsse der bezogenen Kanalquerschnittsgeometrie und der thermischen Randbedingungen werden dargelegt. Ferner erfolgt ein Vergleich des thermisch-hydraulischen Verhaltens mit jenem für andere Kanalgeometrien von Kompaktwärmetauschern. Die Ergebnisse lassen erkennen, daß für doppelseitig sinusförmig ausgebildete Kanäle optimales Übertragungsverhalten bei einem Seitenverhältnis nahe Eins resultiert.
    Notes: Abstract Fully developed, constant property, laminar flows in double-sine shaped ducts are considered. This cross section represents a limiting inter-plate channel geometry in plate heat exchangers. Accurate analytical solutions based on the Galerkin integral method are presented. Heat transfer with both T and H1 thermal boundary conditions is analyzed; they simulate the most fundamental practical heating/cooling applications. Velocity and temperature distributions, along withfRe, Nu T , andNu H1 results for flows in double-sine ducts of different aspect ratios (1/8 ≤γ ≤ 8) are presented. Effects of the relative cross-sectional geometry and thermal boundary conditions are delineated. A comparison of the thermal-hydraulic performance with that of other compact channel geometries is made. The results suggest an optimum (Nu/fRe) performance in a double-sine duct of aspect ratio near unity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02328619
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical solutions for laminar fully developed flows in double-sine shaped ducts (1996)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 31 (1996), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung  Es werden vollausgebildete Laminarströmungen in zweiseitig sinusförmig ausgebildeten Kanälen unter Voraussetzung konstanter Stoffwerte untersucht. Der Querschnitt repräsentiert die geschachtelte Trennwandanordunung von Plattenwärmetauschern. Exakte Lösungen, gewonnen mittels der Galerkinschen Integralmethode, werden mitgeteilt, wobei für den Wärmeübergang die thermischen Randbedingungen T=const. und q˙=const. zugrunde liegen, welche die wichtigsten praktischen Anwendungsfälle bei Heizung oder Kühlung simulieren. Die Darstellung der Ergebnisse umfaßt die Geschwindigkeits- und Temperaturfelder, die Reibungsbeiwerte und Nusselt-Zahlen im Bereich des Seitenverhältnisses 1/8≤γ≤8. Die Einflüsse der bezogenen Kanalquerschnittsgeometrie und der thermischen Randbedingungen werden dargelegt. Ferner erfolgt ein Vergleich des thermisch-hydraulischen Verhaltens mit jenem für andere Kanalgeometrien von Kompaktwärmetauschern. Die Ergebnisse lassen erkennen, daß für doppelseitig sinusförmig ausgebildete Kanäle optimales Übertragungsverhalten bei einem Seitenverhältnis nahe Eins resultiert.
    Notes: Abstract  Fully developed, constant property, laminar flows in double-sine shaped ducts are considered. This cross section represents a limiting inter-plate channel geometry in plate heat exchangers. Accurate analytical solutions based on the Galerkin integral method are presented. Heat transfer with both T and H1 thermal boundary conditions is analyzed; they simulate the most fundamental practical heating/cooling applications. Velocity and temperature distributions, along with  fRe, Nu T , and Nu H 1 results for flows in double-sine ducts of different aspect ratios (1/8≤γ≤8) are presented. Effects of the relative cross-sectional geometry and thermal boundary conditions are delineated. A comparison of the thermal-hydraulic performance with that of other compact channel geometries is made. The results suggest an optimum (Nu/fRe) performance in a double-sine duct of aspect ratio near unity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002310050055
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water table fluctuation in response to transient recharge from a rectangular basin (1994)
    Springer
    Water resources management 8 (1994), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Transient recharge ; water-table ; analytical solution ; aquifer ; prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract A problem of water-table fluctuation in a finite two-dimensional aquifer system in response to transient recharge from an overlying rectangular area is studied. An analytical solution is obtained by using the method of finite Fourier transform to predict the transient position of the water-table. The solution for constant rate of recharge is shown as a special case of the present solution. Effects of variation in the rate of recharge on the growth of two-dimensional groundwater mound is illustrated with the help of a numerical example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00872276
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of an Unconfined Aquifer Induced by Time Varying Recharge from a Rectangular Basin (1997)
    Springer
    Water resources management 11 (1997), S. 185-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: Unconfined aquifer ; transient recharge ; water table ; analytical solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract An analytical solution is developed to predict spatio-temporal variation of the water table in a 2-D aquifer system which is receiving transient recharge from an overlying basin of rectangular shape. The transient recharge function is approximated by a number of line segments. Application of the solution is demonstrated with the help of an example problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007998810835
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-Dimensional Modelling of Water Table Fluctuations due to Time-Varying Recharge from Rectangular Basin (1998)
    Springer
    Water resources management 12 (1998), S. 467-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: unconfined aquifer ; transient recharge ; water table ; analytical solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract A prior knowledge of the water table fluctuations, in response to the proposed recharge scheme, is essential to achieve the preset objectives of ground water resources management. In this paper an analytical solution of the linearised Boussinesq's equation is presented to predict the spatio-temporal variation of the water table in an aquifer system in response to time-varying recharge applied through a rectangular basin. The recharge function is approximated by introducing a number of line segments depending on its nature of variation. The solution is obtained by using finite Fourier sine transform and its application is demonstrated for a case of periodically applied recharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008084304514
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of Water Table Fluctuations in Response to Time-varying Recharge and Withdrawal (2000)
    Springer
    Water resources management 14 (2000), S. 339-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1650
    Keywords: linearized Boussinesq equation ; time-varying recharge and pumping ; unconfined aquifer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Abstract An analytical solution of a two-dimensional linearized Boussinesqequation is presented to predict the water table fluctuations in anunconfined aquifer due to time-varying recharge and withdrawal frommultiple basins and wells, respectively. This solution is obtainedby using the finite Fourier sine transform. The time-varying recharge(discharge) rate is approximated by a number of piecewisse linearelements of different lengths and slopes depending on the nature ofthe variation in recharge (discharge) rate. Application of thesolution for the prediction of water table fluctuations and in thesensitivity analysis is demonstrated in an example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011154903100
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by aóueous iodine (1981)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 15 (1981), S. 467-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Кинетика окисления изопропанола водным иодом была исследована при pH=9,18. Реакция имеет первый и нулевой порядок по отношению к субстрату и иоду, соответственно. Молекулярный иод является более эффективным в окислении алкоксидного иона, нежели для ROH. Было исследовано влияние различных факторов, таких как ионная сила, неорганические соли, D2O и температуры на начальную скорость и был предложен механизм отщепления гидрида.
    Notes: Abstract Kinetics of oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by aqueous iodine has been investigated at pH 9. 18. The reaction is first and zero order with respect to substrate and iodine, respectively. Molecular iodine is more effective in oxidizing alkoxide ion than ROH. The influence of various factors such as ionic strength, inorganic salts, D2O and temperature on the initial rate has been studied and a hydride abstraction mechanism is suggested for the reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074151
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