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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic fabric of bulgarian loess sediments derived by using various sampling techniques (1996)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 40 (1996), S. 36-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Keywords: anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility ; soft sediments ; compaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The anistropy of low field magnetic susceptibility has been studied for seven outcrops of loess sediments in North-Eastern Bulgaria. Different sampling methods were applied in order to choose the best technique for obtaining the primary magnetic fabric of such unconsolidated sediments. AMS results show significant changes in the petrofabric of samples collected by the first technique which disturbs the original sedimentary fabric. The second applied technique does not cause such a strong deformation but some disturbance of the magnetic fabric is probable. Typical sedimentary fabric is obtained from hand samples and it is therefore concluded that this represents the best method for obtaining reliable AMS results from soft sediments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02295904
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic Characteristics of Different Soil Types from Bulgaria (1999)
    Springer
    Studia geophysica et geodaetica 43 (1999), S. 303-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1626
    Keywords: soil ; magnetic susceptibility ; magnetic viscosity ; pedogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Magnetic studies of different soil types can provide valuable information about palaeoenvironmental conditions at the time they were formed. Results of investigations of rock-magnetism of genetically different soil types, which developed over varying time intervals (Meadow Chernozem - formed during the last 6000 years BP; Leached Cinnamonic soil - formed since the 3rd-2nd century BC and Pellic Vertisoil - the oldest, formed since the Late Pliocene) are presented. The soil profiles of the Leached Cinnamonic and Pellic Vertisoil are characterized by lower values of magnetic susceptibility, as compared to that of the parent materials. It is shown that using percentage frequency-dependent susceptibility (Xfd%) and viscous remanent magnetization (VRM), pedogenic alteration could be detected even in such circumstances. The variations of the parameters measured along the depth of the studied Meadow Chernozem soil profile are characterized by gradual smooth magnetic enhancement, pointing to the absence of secondary redistribution of pedogenic magnetites. In contrast to this case, the two other profiles (Leached Cinnamonic and Pellic Vertisoil) show magnetically enhanced lower (illuvial) horizons due to processes of acid destruction and re-precipitation of the original pedogenic ferromagnetic minerals down the profiles. These specific magnetic properties are of particular importance in using susceptibility variations as a palaeoclimatic proxy record.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1023398728538
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    High resolution magnetic parameters and correlative model age of the 26 meter Suhia Kladenetz loess-palesol seqeunce near the city of Pleven in Bulgaria (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-18
    Description: The Suhia Kladenetz loess-paleosol sequence was sampled in 2018 on freshly cleaned vertical faces segmenting the larger quarry steps in two to three sub-sections. A continuous column of sediment was prepared and sampled at a 2 cm depth resolution. Slices of bulk sediment of about 10 x 6 x 2 cm in dimension (approx. 300g of material) were taken per sampling interval. The SK sequence is 26.72 m in total vertical thickness, which at a 2 cm continuous depth sampling resolution results in 1336 bulk sediment samples collected. Laboratory measurements of magnetic susceptibility, frequency dependence of magnetic susceptibility both absolute values and percentage, anhysteretic remanent magnetisation, isothermal remanent magnetisation, coercivity and coercive force are reported. Data of two correlative age models built from (1) the correlation of the frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility to the LR04 benthic foraminifera oxygen isotope record, and (2) the correlation of the ratio of a 2T isothermal remanent magnetisation and magnetic susceptibility to the EPICA Dome C (EDC) dust flux record. Estimates of sedimentation rates based on the correlative ages models are also reported.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 4
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    Thermal demagnetisation of paleosol sequence (SK LPS) from the Suhia Kladenetz loess (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-18
    Keywords: Anhysteretic remanent magnetization; Isothermal remanent magnetization; Pleven, Bulgaria; Sample ID; Section Bot in meters composite depth; Sediment sample; SES; SK2018
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 410 data points
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  • 5
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    Magnetic parameters of paleosol sequence (SK LPS) from the Suhia Kladenetz loess (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-18
    Keywords: Age model; Anhysteretic remanent magnetization, mass-normalized; Coercive force; Coercivity of remanence; Isothermal Remanent Magnetization, intensity; Magnetic susceptibility, high field slope; Magnetic susceptibility, specific, absolute frequency dependence; Magnetic susceptibility, specific, frequency dependence; Magnetic susceptibility, specific, low-field; Pleven, Bulgaria; Sample ID; Section; Section Bot in meters composite depth; Section position; Section Top in meters composite depth; Sediment sample; SES; SK2018
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 22706 data points
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  • 6
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    Magnetic susceptibility of paleosol sequence (SK LPS) from the Suhia Kladenetz loess (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-18
    Keywords: Magnetic susceptibility, specific, low-field; Pleven, Bulgaria; SECTION, height; Sediment sample; SES; SK2018
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 314 data points
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  • 7
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    Sedimentation rates of paleosol sequence (SK LPS) from the Suhia Kladenetz loess (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-18
    Keywords: Age model; Calculated; Depth comment; Pleven, Bulgaria; SECTION, height; Sedimentation rate/deposition time; Sediment sample; SES; SK2018
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 82 data points
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  • 8
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    Magnetism of outdoor and indoor settled dust and its utilization as a tool for revealing the effect of elevated particulate air pollution on cardiovascular mortality (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-25
    Description: Settled indoor and outdoor dusts in urban environment represent an important source of secondary pollution. Magnetic characteristics of the settled dust from six cities in Bulgaria are explored, allowing comparison on a national (country) scale. Monthly variations of the mass-specific magnetic susceptibilities (χindoor) and (χoutdoor) and calculated dust loading rates for a period of 17 months do not show seasonal variability, probably due to the dominant role of traffic-related emissions and soil-derived particles in the settled dust. The main magnetic mineral is magnetite, present as spherules and irregular particles of pseudo-single-domain grain sizes. Systematically lower remanence coercivities are obtained for outdoor dusts when compared with the corresponding indoor samples, implying that penetration of smaller particles of ambient origin indoors is the main source of the indoor dust. Mean yearly values of the ratio (χindoor/χoutdoor) for each city show statistically significant correlation with mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. This ratio reveals the source- and site-specific importance of the anthropogenically derived toxicogenic fraction. Heavy metal content of the settled dust is related to the contribution from several pollution sources (soil-derived, combustion and industrial), discriminated through analysis of principal components. SEM/EDX analyses reveal abundant presence of anthopogenic Fe-containing spherules, irregular particles and diesel exhaust conglomerates. High molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) dominate the total PAH content of the outdoor dust samples. The observed linear correlation between total PAH content, coercivity of remanence and the ratio Mrs/χ suggest either adsorption of PAHs on iron oxide particles and especially magnetite, or emission related increase in total PAH concentration along with a decrease of effective magnetic grain size of the accompanying magnetic fraction.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Rock-magnetic and geochemical characteristics of relict Vertisols--signs of past climate and recent pedogenic development (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-16
    Description: Rock-magnetic and geochemical characteristics of three Vertisol profiles with different degree of textural differentiation have been studied. Thermomagnetic analyses, thermal demagnetization of laboratory remanences and acquisition of isothermal remanence curves are applied for identification of iron oxide mineralogy. The main magnetic minerals in Vertisols are ferrihydrite, single-domain magnetite, maghemite and hematite. Variations in magnetic susceptibility, anhysteretic remanent magnetization, isothermal remanent magnetization, as well as different ratios (Xarm/X, ARM/SIRM, S-ratio) along depth are studied. Concentration of magnetic minerals in Vertisols is low, influenced by the intense reductomorphic processes. The lowest magnetic susceptibility is found in the most texturally differentiated soil. However, rock-magnetic data suggest the presence of small, but well defined fraction of single domain-like magnetite with relatively wide grain-size distribution found in those parts of the profiles, which are subjected to most intense and frequent seasonal changes in oxidation-reduction conditions. It is suggested that this fraction is formed as a result of transformations of ferrihydrite under repeated cycles of anaerobic/aerobic conditions. Based on geochemical data, CALMAG weathering index was calculated for the three Vertisols. Using the established relation between CALMAG and mean annual precipitation (MAP), palaeo-MAP was evaluated for the studied profiles. The obtained MAP estimations fall in the range 1000–1200 mm and are much higher compared to contemporary precipitation in the area (MAP in the interval 540–770 mm). This finding confirms the relict character of Vertisols on Bulgarian territory and gives more information about the palaeoclimate during the initial stages of Vertisol formation.
    Keywords: Geomagnetism, Rock Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 10
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    A Mineral Magnetic Approach to Determine Paleo-Firing Temperatures in the Neolithic Settlement Site of Mursalevo-Deveboaz (SW Bulgaria) (2018)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-01
    Description: Archeological remains from the Neolithic period in SE Europe are characterized by the presence of massive burnt daub relics sintered at high temperatures. These findings raised the hypothesis of deliberate house burning as a strategy for ensuring the survival of place and the development of social memory in Neolithic society. Although highly discussed in the archeological community, analytical data on the ancient firing temperatures achieved during burning Neolithic houses are missing except an empirical study determining firing temperatures according to the color of burned clay. The Neolithic site Mursalevo-Deveboaz (Bulgaria) is one of the largest known settlements consisting of more than 70 houses. Rock-magnetic analyses are applied for characterization of iron oxides produced during firing, and the firing temperatures were estimated using the magnetic susceptibility method. Results on a collection of 445 samples show the presence of very fine grained magnetite/maghemite and hematite. Magnetic data are supported by elemental analysis, reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The data suggest an increase in the magnetic grain size from superparamagnetic toward single domain with increasing firing temperature. Firing temperature estimates for 148 samples of different color vary between 680 and 1,140°C. Comparing the magnetic properties of iron oxides identified and literature data on solution-combustion synthesis of iron oxides allowed a mechanism behind the extreme firing of Neolithic houses to be suggested. Our study proposes for the first time that combustion synthesis of iron oxides could explain the extreme house burning in many Neolithic settlements achieved through intentional addition of wood, dung and urine. ©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Print ISSN: 2169-9313
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9356
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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