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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel Polysaccharide Surfactants: Synthesis of Model Compounds and Dextran-Based Surfactants (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 7302-7308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00103a011
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dipole-dipole interaction directed liquid crystalline polymers. I. Aliphatic poly(carbonate-sulfone)s based on 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 2291-2300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polycarbonate ; polysulfone ; liquid crystal ; 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropyl sulfonyl) propane ; smectic ; X-ray ; dipole-dipole interaction ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aliphatic poly(carbonate-sulfone) homo- and copolymers were prepared from 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane (Diol-333) and various alkanediols. The copolymers are random in nature since they were prepared by melt copolymerization. Both the homopolymer and the copolymers exhibited multiple reproducible first-order transitions during differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) heating scans, but most of them exhibited only single exotherm during cooling scans. Typical schlieren textures were observed when these polymers were cooled from their isotropic melts. The copolymers have wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns almost identical to that of the homopolymer except in the low-angle spacing, indicating their packing in the crystalline domain in similar. DSC, cross-polarized optical microscopy, and WAXD revealed that these polymers were smectic liquid crystalline at room temperature. Since aliphatic poly(carbonate-sulfone)s are flexible linear polymers with no rigid rod components, the liquid crystalline phase formation is probably directed by the dipole-dipole interactions between sulfone groups in adjacent chains. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080321211
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and dielectric analysis of aliphatic poly(carbonate-sulfone)s based on 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl) butane (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 2809-2816 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: 1,4-bis((3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)butane ; polycarbonate ; poly(carbonatesulfone) ; liquid crystalline ; dipole-dipole interaction ; dielectric constant ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High molecular weight aliphatic poly(carbonate-sulfone) homopolymer (PC-343) and random copolymer (PC-343-10) were synthesized from 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)butane (Diol-343) and a 1/1 molar mixture of Diol-343 and 1,10-decanediol, respectively. As a comparison, an aliphatic polycarbonate homopolymer (PC-10) was prepared from 1,10-decanediol. While PC-10 exhibited a single melting peak during its DSC heating scan, both PC-343 and PC-343-10 exhibited multiple reproducible first-order transitions during DSC heating scans. Both PC-343 and PC-343-10 showed broad reflections in their WAXD diagrams; the crystalline order of PC-343 is higher than that of PC-343-10. Based on the DSC and WAXD results and our discovery on the liquid crystalline behavior of aliphatic poly(carbonate-sulfone)s from 1,3-bis(hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane, we suggest PC-343 and PC-343-10 are liquid crystalline and the liquid crystalline phase formation is directed by the dipole-dipole interactions between sulfone groups. Films were obtained from these polymers by compression molding and dielectric analyses were conducted on them. One glass transition related dielectric relaxation was observed in PC-343-10. One glass transition related dielectric relaxation and one sub-glass transition related dielectric relaxation were observed in PC-343. The glass transition temperature increases with the increase of sulfone content in the polymers. A dramatic rise in dielectric constant with temperature was observed in PC-343 and PC-343-10 at low frequencies, which is probably due to the sulfone dipole interaction with the electrical field. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080321502
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(ester-sulfone)s (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1351-1360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane ; 1,4-bis(3-hydroxysulfonyl)butane ; polyesters ; poly(ester-sulfone) ; liquid crystalline ; glass transition ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aliphatic and aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s were synthesized by the transesterifications of diphenyl adipate and diphenyl phthalates (ortho, meta, para) with two sulfonecontaining diols, 1,3-bis (3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl) propane (Diol-333) and 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl) butane (Diol-343). Based on DSC and WAXD studies, the aliphatic homopoly(ester-sulfone)s are semicrystalline at room temperature and liquid crystalline at elevated temperature, while their copolymers with alkanediols are liquid crystalline. The liquid crystalline phase formation in aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s is attributed to the strong dipole-dipole interactions between sulfone groups. The aromatic-aliphatic poly(estersulfone)s from diphenyl phthalate (ortho) and isophthalate (meta) are amorphous. They are soluble in trifluoroacetic acid and m-cresol at room temperature, and DMF, DMAC, and DMSO at elevated temperature. The aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s from diphenyl terephthalate are semicrystalline and are soluble only in trifluoroacetic acid. For a given diol, the glass transition temperatures of aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s increase from phthalate to isophthalate to terephthalate. This is because the flexibility of the benzene ring in the polymer backbone decreases from ortho to meta to para substitution. As a comparison, polyesters without sulfone groups were synthesized from two alkanediols, 1,9-nonanediol and 1,10-decanediol, and the diphenyl esters. The poly(ester-sulfone)s have glass transition temperatures 60-80°C higher than the corresponding polyesters without sulfone groups, due to the strong dipolar interactions between sulfone groups. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320716
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(urethane-sulfone)s (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1531-1537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: 1,3-bis(3 hydroxy propyl sulfonyl)propane ; 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropyl sulfonyl)butane ; 1,3-propane dithiol ; 1,4-butane dithiol ; poly(urethane) ; poly sulfone ; methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) ; toluene diisocyanate (TDI) ; hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) ; melt temperature ; glass transition temperature ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eight poly(urethane-sulfone)s were synthesized from two sulfone-containing diols, 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane (Diol-333) and 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)butane (Diol-343), and three diisocyanates, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and tolylene diisocyanate (TDI, 2,4- 80%; 2,6-20%). As a comparison, eight polyurethanes were also synthesized from two alkanediols, 1,9-nonanediol and 1,10-decanediol, and three diisocyanates. Diol-333 and Diol-343 were prepared by the addition of 1,3-propanedithiol or 1,4-butanedithiol to allyl alcohol and subsequent oxidation of the resulting sulfide-containing diols. The homopoly(urethanesulfone)s from HMDI and MDI are semicrystalline, and are soluble in m-cresol and hot DMF, DMAC, and DMSO. The copoly(urethane-sulfone)s from a 1/1 molar ratio mixture of Diol-333 and Diol-343 with HMDI or MDI have lower crystallinity and better solubility than the corresponding homopoly(urethane-sulfone)s. The poly(urethane-sulfone)s from TDI are amorphous, and are readily soluble in m-cresol, DMF, DMAC, and DMSO at room temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry data showed that poly(urethane-sulfone)s have higher glass transition temperatures and melting points than the corresponding polyurethanes without sulfone groups. The rise in glass transition temperature is 20-25°C while the rise in melting temperature is 46-71°C. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320813
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene oxide-co-ethylene sulfone)s and their precursors: Poly(ethylene oxide-co-ethylene sulfide)s (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1323-1330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: sulfide ; ethylene ; sulfone ; oxide ; 1,2-ethane dithiol synthesis ; oxidation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three poly(ethylene oxide-co-ethylene sulfide)s with oxygen to sulfur ratios of 2/1, 2/2, and 1/2 were prepared by phase-transfer catalyzed polycondensations of (1) sodium sulfide and 1,2-bis (2-chloroethoxy)ethane, (2) 1,2-ethanedithiol and 1,2-bis(2-chloroethoxy)ethane, and (3) 1,2-ethanedithiol and 2-chloroethyl ether, respectively. A buffered solution with pH between the pKa of the monothiol (RSH) and the pKa2 of the dithiol (HS-R-SH), or H2S, was needed to obtain high molecular weight polymers, which suggests that nucleophiles transfer and react as monoanions rather than dianions. These poly(ethylene oxide-co-ethylene sulfide)s were oxidized completely to poly(ethylene oxide-co-ethylene sulfone)s using 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid as oxidant. Both the final polymers and the precursors have regular sequenced structures and are semicrystalline. As expected, their glass transition temperatures and melting points increase and solubilities decrease with the decrease of ether oxygen to sulfur ratio. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320713
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfone-Containing polymers as high barrier materials (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 1671-1676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: sulfone-containing polymers ; high barrier materials ; polymer permeability ; polyester ; polycarbonate ; polyurethane ; free volume ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Three types of sulfone-containing polymers, poly(carbonate-sulfone)s, poly(ester-sulfone)s, and poly(urethane-sulfone)s, were characterized as high barrier materials. They were made by condensing sulfone-containing diol, 1,3-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)propane (Diol-333), or 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl)butane (Diol-343), with diphenyl carbonate, diphenyl esters, and diisocyanates, respectively. The incorporation of polar sulfone groups into polymer backbones increases the glass transition temperature of polymers in all cases; however, the increment is different with different functional linkages. The increments in polycarbonates and polyesters are higher than that in polyurethanes. This is because the interactions between carbonate or ester groups are much weaker than the interactions between sulfone groups, whereas the hydrogen bonding between urethane groups is comparable with the polar interaction between sulfone groups. The polymers were coated on 50-μm-thick Kapton films by solution casting and their permeabilities toward carbon dioxide were measured at 25°C using the ASTM D1434 volumetric method. The sulfone-containing polymers have carbon dioxide permeability coefficients at least 50 times smaller than the corresponding polymers without sulfone groups. The carbon dioxide barrier properties of sulfone-containing polymers are comparable with ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVAL), which are commercial high barrier polymers. An isomer effect on polymer permeability was observed in the aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone) series. The permeability coefficients of the aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s decrease from terephthalate to isophthalate to phthalate, corresponding to the increase of chain flexibility above the Tg. These results support the hypothesis that high chain flexibility in the rubbery state and a glass transition temperature above room temperature are two key factors that promote low permeability. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090320911
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  • 8
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    Novel Polysaccharide Surfactants: Synthesis of Model Compounds and Dextran-Based Surfactants (1994)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-9297
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5835
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 9
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    Sensors, Vol. 11, Pages 10197-10219: A Novel Combined SLAM Based on RBPF-SLAM and EIF-SLAM for Mobile System Sensing in a Large Scale Environment (2011)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-29
    Description: Mobile autonomous systems are very important for marine scientific investigation and military applications. Many algorithms have been studied to deal with the computational efficiency problem required for large scale Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) and its related accuracy and consistency. Among these methods, submap-based SLAM is a more effective one. By combining the strength of two popular mapping algorithms, the Rao-Blackwellised particle filter (RBPF) and extended information filter (EIF), this paper presents a Combined SLAM—an efficient submap-based solution to the SLAM problem in a large scale environment. RBPF-SLAM is used to produce local maps, which are periodically fused into an EIF-SLAM algorithm. RBPF-SLAM can avoid linearization of the robot model during operating and provide a robust data association, while EIF-SLAM can improve the whole computational speed, and avoid the tendency of RBPF-SLAM to be over-confident. In order to further improve the computational speed in a real time environment, a binary-tree-based decision-making strategy is introduced. Simulation experiments show that the proposed Combined SLAM algorithm significantly outperforms currently existing algorithms in terms of accuracy and consistency, as well as the computing efficiency. Finally, the Combined SLAM algorithm is experimentally validated in a real environment by using the Victoria Park dataset.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 10
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    Development and Validation of LC Coupled with SPE for Simultaneous Determination of Lamivudine, Oxymatrine and its Active Metabolite Matrine in Dog Plasma (2006)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-26
    Print ISSN: 0009-5893
    Electronic ISSN: 1612-1112
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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